No description available.

Under första halvan av 1990-talet pågick den dödligaste konflikten i Europa sedan Andra världskriget. Som en direkt följd av Jugoslaviens upplösning tog Sverige under kort tid emot över 70000 flyktingar från konfliktområdet. I skenet av dagens flyktingströmmar från konfliktdrabbade områden i Mellanöstern rapporterade Arbetsmarknadsdepartementet 2013 om ett lyckat inträde på arbetsmarknaden för denna grupp jugoslaver. I bakgrund till detta är syftet med denna uppsats att genom statistisk analys undersöka sambanden mellan ett högt deltagande på arbetsmarknaden och en minskad grad boendesegregation. Området för studien är begränsat till Gävle kommun. Genom att studera segregationsnivåer i en mellanstor svensk stad ämnas studien samtidigt att bidra till ett fält som saknar bredd inom forskningen. Resultatet analyseras med hjälp av två teorier med bred förankring inom segregationsforskningen – spatial assimilation och place stratification. Teorierna betonar humanekologiska respektive strukturella faktorer bakom bildandet och upprätthållandet av boendesegregation. Spatial assimilationär främst applicerbar på den studerade gruppen jugoslaver genom att de uppvisar en relativt konsekvent trend mot både ökat deltagande på arbetsmarknaden och sjunkande segregationsnivåer på bostadsmarknaden. När resultatet kompletteras med jämförelser med andra befolkningsgrupper framstår istället place stratification som en högst relevant förklaringsmodell till de strukturella mönster som föregående teori misslyckas att förklara.

No description available.

Cette thèse cherche à analyser les dynamiques résidentielles des populations immigrées et issues de l’immigration en France et leur situation face au logement. S’appuyant sur deux grandes bases de données, l’Echantillon Démographique Permanent (INSEE) et l’enquête Trajectoires et Origines (INED/INSEE), qui comptent parmi les rares bases de données en France qui permettent d’identifier les immigrés et leurs descendants à travers le temps (1990-2008), cette recherche comporte trois grands volets empiriques. En premier lieu, je propose un panorama des situations résidentielles des immigrés et de leurs descendants, en focalisant sur les caractéristiques des zones urbaines où ces groupes sont concentrés, leur statut d’occupation du logement, ainsi que la manière dont ces différentes dimensions résidentielles s’articulent. Deuxièmement, tirant profit de la dimension longitudinale des données, l’analyse porte sur la mobilité résidentielle de ces groupes, en traçant leurs trajectoires dans les quartiers et dans le logement. Finalement, je mène une analyse intergénérationnelle des inégalités résidentielles afin de déterminer à quel point les individus « héritent » les positions spatiales de leurs parents. L’analyse porte une attention particulière aux déterminants individuels et contextuels des trajectoires afin de mieux saisir les mécanismes qui structurent les inégalités face au logement et dans l’espace. / My dissertation provides a comprehensive analysis of the neighborhood and housing outcomes of immigrants and natives in France. I draw on two large data sets, L’échantillon démographique permanent (INSEE) and Trajectoires et origines (INED/INSEE), which provide rare information about first and second generation immigrants, combine individual and contextual-level variables, and span several dates of observation (1990-2008). Drawing on classical theoretical approaches to immigrants’ spatial incorporation (spatial assimilation, place stratification), as well as insights from the social stratification and neighborhood effects literature, the analysis is rooted in a multidimensional, longitudinal and intergenerational approach to residential inequalities. First, I use a variety of indicators of the composition of neighborhoods (i.e. share of immigrants, co-ethnics, low-income households, the unemployment rate) in addition to housing tenure to explore associations between various dimensions of residential outcomes. Second, using longitudinal data and panel modelling techniques, the analysis captures patterns and determinants of residential mobility, transitions in neighborhoods, access to homeownership and moves in and out of the public housing sector. Finally, contributing to recent empirical work on the intergenerational reproduction of context, I seek to assess the extent to which residential situations are transmitted between parents and their children. The analysis seeks throughout to document the effects of individual factors (nativity, immigrant origin, socioeconomic status) and contextual factors (municipality and departmental characteristics) on shaping residential inequalities.

No description available.

No description available.

Previous research in the spatial assimilation of racial and ethnic groups has not assessed trends over time due to methodological difficulties and data limitations. I use an innovative method to assess the intercensal changes in neighborhood spatial attainment for African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites in Houston, Texas, between 1970 and 2000. I extend the current literature by showing that an accepted and commonly used method for assessing longitudinal change in spatial attainment is flawed and yields incorrect results. I highlight an alternative approach which makes use of data readily available in Census Summary Files to estimate individual-level spatial attainment regressions. I also show that the choice of neighborhood size affects estimates of spatial attainment effects. Although the influence of spatial scale has been demonstrated in the segregation literature, its consequences for spatial attainment research have not. I investigate and report findings from four geographic scales useful to and commonly used by spatial attainment researchers: the block group, the Census tract, the Zip Code Tabulated Area, and the Public Use Micro Data Area. I compare the benefits and drawbacks of estimating spatial attainment at each level of geography.