Orientadores: Osvaldir Pereira Taranto, Virginia Aparecida Silva Moris / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T18:40:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_NadiaElizaCorrea_M.pdf: 3103834 bytes, checksum: fb203b4d1396353b5e15847051d51028 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O recobrimento de partículas em leito de jorro tem se mostrado bastante promissor, tendo em vista o seu potencial de aplicações em diversos produtos como comprimidos, cosméticos, sementes, fertilizantes. A maioria dos trabalhos reportados na literatura são baseados em observações visuais, em colunas construídas com material transparente, operados a pressão e temperatura ambiente. Porém, o reconhecimento visual dos regimes de escoamento não é possível em escala industrial ou com altas pressões. Logo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar modificações ocorridas durante o processo de recobrimento de partículas em leito de jorro, pela comparação de observações visuais em conjunto com os espectros de potência obtidos a partir da aquisição de dados de queda de pressão em tempo real, utilizando a técnica FFT (Fast Fourier Transform). Para este estudo foram utilizadas partículas de diferentes formas, ABS e poliestireno, com diâmetro médio de 3,03 mm e 3,81 mm, respectivamente, e suspensão polimérica a base de Eudragitâ. O recobrimento foi realizado em um leito de jorro cone cilíndrico, confeccionado em acrílico com as seguintes dimensões: H = 70 cm, Dc = 14,3 cm, Di = 4 cm e ? = 60°, as condições operacionais foram pré-fixadas para cada partícula baseadas em ensaios preliminares. As flutuações da queda de pressão foram determinadas utilizando o software LabView 7.1, a uma taxa de amostragem de 400 Hz. Os resultados permitiram identificar durante o recobrimento a redução na taxa de circulação de partículas, zonas mortas e até ¿completo¿ colapso do leito, tanto por variações fluidodinâmicas visualmente observadas no leito, quanto por alteração espectral on line durante os experimentos de recobrimento. No futuro essa identificação pode ser útil como ferramenta no desenvolvimento de um sistema de controle ao processo de recobrimento / Abstract: The coating of particles in spouted has shown sufficiently promising, in view of its potential of applications in several products such as tablets, cosmetics, seeds, fertilizers. However, the works reported in literature had been predominantly based on visual observations, through columns constructed with transparent material, operated the pressure and ambient temperature. Furthermore, the visual recognition of flow regimes is not possible in industrial scale or with high pressures. Soon, the aim of this work was to identify modifications accured during the coating of particle in spouted bed, the comparison of the visual behavior with the power spectrum gotten from the acquisition of data of pressure drop in real time, using technique FFT (Fast Fourier Transform). For this study had been used particles of ABS and polystyrene, with average diameter of 3,03 mm and 3.81 mm, respectively, and aqueous polymeric suspension the base of Eudragitâ. The coating was carried through in a conical-cylindrical spouted bed, confectioned in acrylic with the following dimensions: H = 70 cm, Dc = 14,3 cm, Di = 4 cm and ? = 60°, the operational conditions had been fixed for each particle based in preliminary assays. The fluctuations of the drop pressure had been acquired using software LabView 7.1, to a rate of sampling of 400 Hz. The results had allowed to identify during the coating the reduction in the circulation rate of particle, zones deceased and until complete collapse of the spouted bed, as much for fluid-dynamics variations visually observed in the spouted bed, how much for spectral alteration during the coating experiments. In the future this identification can be useful development a control process tool / Mestrado / Engenharia de Processos / Mestre em Engenharia Química

This Master´s thesis deals with problematics related to the connection of new decentralized power sources into electrical power grid. Due to advantageous legislative support of these new, especially photovoltaic power sources, a massive amount of these sources have been connected into the power grid between years 2009 and 2010. For theoretical understanding of processes during a steady-state, the initial parts of this paper are focused on a procedure which solves steady-state on every power line mentioned. When we speak of decentralized power sources connection, it is necessary to mention the connected legislative. National distribution grid operators in collaboration with national regulatory commission have decided on a legislative document Rules of distribution grid operation, which puts a set of demands and requirements on applicants wishing to connect a new power source to the grid. The text of this thesis is focused mainly on demands required after the latest change in 1/2010. Practical part of this work deals with verification of new power source influence on a related power grid and meeting the legislatively required demands. The most important demands are voltage change due to new power source operation and its transfer to other voltage levels, higher harmonics injection, power output fluctuation and last, not least, changes in load flow directions. For reasons previously mentioned an analysis is made and possibilities of reducing or removing of these influences are introduced. To achieve these goals, two computer programs, Siemens Sinaut Spectrum and NetCalc are used.