Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-12-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:40:39Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_jw_dr_rcla.pdf: 1003363 bytes, checksum: aff7f0eac589759bc154b98e038178a9 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Este trabalho teve como objetivos: 1- adaptar para ratos dois modelos de treinamento intervalado, realizados no treinamento com humanos; 2- padronizar uma periodização do treinamento aeróbio para natação com ratos; 3- comparar os efeitos desses protocolos com o treinamento contínuo. Foram avaliados em ratos Wistar, adultos (70-120 dias), o limiar anaeróbio de lactato (LAN); a concentração de lactato sangüíneo (CLS) relativa á carga de 5% mc, durante o teste do LAN; o glicogênio muscular e hepático; o metabolismo glicídico à, virro, em fatias isoladas de músculo sóleo incubadas em presença de insulina (lOOpiJ/lOOinL), medindo-se a captação de glicose pela [FI] 2-deoxyglicose (2- UG = O,SuiCimL), a síntese de glicogênio, produção de lactato e oxidação de glicose com glicose (5,5 mM) contendo U-'4C] glicose (0,25 pti'mL'), expressos em imolg'ht A análise estatística empregada foi Mova, one-way, p<O,05. Em um experimento, quatro grupos de animais foram estudados: sedentário (SED); continuo, que realizou treinamento contínuo com sobrecarga de 5% da massa corporal (mc), (TC5); intervalado 7,5, treinamento intervalado com 7,5% mc, relação esforço:pausa de 4 min:lmin3os (T17,5); Intervalado 10, treinamento íntervalado com 1 0% mc, com relação esforço:pausa de 30s:30s (TIl 0). Os animais treinados realizaram exercício ó0min/dia, Em outro experimento, aiém de um gwpo SEI) foram formados dois grupos: treinamento contínuo (TC5) e treinamento periodizado (período preparatório básico, específico e polimento), com alternância de volume-intensidade e dos estímulos aeróbios e anaeróbios (TP). Após um período de 3-4 semanas de adaptação, em ambos os estudos, os grupos treinados mantiveram freqüência de 5... / This study aimed to adapt for rats two models of interval training currently used in human training, establish a periodisation protocol for aerobic swimming training and to compare them with the continuous swimming training. The variables evaluated were lactate anaerobic threshold (AT); blood lactate concentration (BLC) at the overload of 5% body mass (bm) during the test for AT estimation and muscle and liver glycogen concentrations. Glucose metabolism in vitro, in isolated sóleous muscle incubated in presence of insulin (lOOmU/lOOmL), was also evaluated, by measuring the glicose uptake, using [3H] 2-deoxyglicose (2-DO = 0,5 uCimL1) as tracer, as well as, glycogen synthesis, lactate production and glucose oxidation from [U' 4C] glucose (0,25 tCi mLj. The statistical methods included Anova one-way, with the significance level set at 5%. In one experiment, four groups of male Wistar were compared: sedentary (SED); continuous training with overload of 5% bm (CT5); interval training with 7,5% bm, work:pause of 4 min:lmin30s (IT-7,5); Interval training with overlod of 10% mc, work:pause of 30s:30s (IT-1O). The groups of exercise-ttrained rats exercised 6Omini'day. In another experiment, a SED group, a continuous training (CT5) and a periosdised training (basic, specific and taper period), with volume intensity, aerobic and anaerobic alternation of the stimulus (PT) were formed. After a 3-4 weeks adaptation period, in both experiments, the trained groups maintained training frequency of 5 days/week, during 5 weeks. In each experiment, the training overload was quantified (% bm time of exercise in the training session) and the total work was the same in all groups. In the first experiment there was no significant difference in AT among the groups. CT5 group presented lower BLC at 5% bm than SED (CT5 = -21,8; 1T7,5 e ITIO = -12,7%) groups, The animal of the [T-7,5 group... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-05-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:08:23Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santhiago_v_me_rcla.pdf: 673327 bytes, checksum: ccd6c1140b5cdb65921f2890b5b5e19e (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O objetivo deste estudo foi utilizar a combinação de parâmetros psicológicos, bioquímicos, hematológicos e de performance para caracterizar as possíveis alterações desses marcadores durante um ciclo completo de treinamento na natação, e estabelecendo assim padrões de referência em percentis para a determinação do estado de supertreinamento. Desse modo 25 nadadores profissionais participaram de uma periodização experimental, composta por período preparatório básico (3 semanas), período preparatório específico (7 semanas) e período de polimento (4 semanas). Os atletas foram submetidos a testes sanguíneos para determinação de marcadores bioquímicos e hematológicos. Juntamente com os testes sanguíneos, foram realizados testes de performance invasivos (limiar anaeróbio, índice alático e esforço máximo de 30s) e não invasivos (velocidade crítica e capacidade de trabalho anaeróbio) e psicológicos (POMS). Conclui-se que quatorze semanas de treinamento experimental promoveu significativas alterações nas concentrações dos seguintes marcadores: creatina quinase, uréia, cortisol, testosterona e razão testosterona-cortisol, sendo esses bons indicativos de supertreinamento. Através da escala de percentis pôde-se verificar alterações entre os grupos TR e ST para alguns marcadores ao longo da periodização, podendo ser utilizada como referência para grupos de nadadores do mesmo nível. Não foi observada alteração na resposta psicológica analisada através do questionário POMS ao longo da periodização, não sendo um bom indicativo de estados de supertreinamento. / The purpose of this study was to analysis the parameters psychological, biochemical, hematological and of performance, to characterize the possible alterations of those markers during a complete cycle of the swimming training, and to establish reference patterns in percentis, for the overtraining risk monitoring. Twenty five swimmers were initially evaluates at the start of the periodization (T1). After this, they participated of an experimental training period of 14 weeks, composed by basic (T2 -3 weeks), specific (T3-7 weeks) and tapper (T4-4 weeks) preparatory periods. The athletes were submitted to blood tests for determination of biochemical markers (cretine kinase, creatinin, urea, cortisol, testosterone and ratio cortisol - testosterone) and hematological (hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, leucocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, segmented, eosinofils, basophiles and plasmocites). Invasive tests were accomplished (anaerobic threshold, anaerobic alactic index and 30-s maximum swimming attained power) and non-invasive tests (critical speed and anaerobic work capacity), and psychological test (Profile of Mood States). To show the results, the participants were divided in three groups, men (M), women (W) and all (MW). The statistical treatment included percentis analysis for all the parameters, in absolute values (deltas in relation to the base line), which were elaborated starting from the results obtained in the beginning of the training (T1). Those were used for athletes training (TR) or overtraining (ST) determination. The results obtained during the training period were treated by one way variance analysis (ANOVA), followed for Newman Keuls post-hoc test, when necessary.

Orientador: Cláudio Alexandre Gobatto / Banca: Pedro Balikian Júnior / Banca: Marcelo de Castro Cesar / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi utilizar a combinação de parâmetros psicológicos, bioquímicos, hematológicos e de performance para caracterizar as possíveis alterações desses marcadores durante um ciclo completo de treinamento na natação, e estabelecendo assim padrões de referência em percentis para a determinação do estado de supertreinamento. Desse modo 25 nadadores profissionais participaram de uma periodização experimental, composta por período preparatório básico (3 semanas), período preparatório específico (7 semanas) e período de polimento (4 semanas). Os atletas foram submetidos a testes sanguíneos para determinação de marcadores bioquímicos e hematológicos. Juntamente com os testes sanguíneos, foram realizados testes de performance invasivos (limiar anaeróbio, índice alático e esforço máximo de 30s) e não invasivos (velocidade crítica e capacidade de trabalho anaeróbio) e psicológicos (POMS). Conclui-se que quatorze semanas de treinamento experimental promoveu significativas alterações nas concentrações dos seguintes marcadores: creatina quinase, uréia, cortisol, testosterona e razão testosterona-cortisol, sendo esses bons indicativos de supertreinamento. Através da escala de percentis pôde-se verificar alterações entre os grupos TR e ST para alguns marcadores ao longo da periodização, podendo ser utilizada como referência para grupos de nadadores do mesmo nível. Não foi observada alteração na resposta psicológica analisada através do questionário POMS ao longo da periodização, não sendo um bom indicativo de estados de supertreinamento / Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analysis the parameters psychological, biochemical, hematological and of performance, to characterize the possible alterations of those markers during a complete cycle of the swimming training, and to establish reference patterns in percentis, for the overtraining risk monitoring. Twenty five swimmers were initially evaluates at the start of the periodization (T1). After this, they participated of an experimental training period of 14 weeks, composed by basic (T2 -3 weeks), specific (T3-7 weeks) and tapper (T4-4 weeks) preparatory periods. The athletes were submitted to blood tests for determination of biochemical markers (cretine kinase, creatinin, urea, cortisol, testosterone and ratio cortisol - testosterone) and hematological (hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, leucocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, segmented, eosinofils, basophiles and plasmocites). Invasive tests were accomplished (anaerobic threshold, anaerobic alactic index and 30-s maximum swimming attained power) and non-invasive tests (critical speed and anaerobic work capacity), and psychological test (Profile of Mood States). To show the results, the participants were divided in three groups, men (M), women (W) and all (MW). The statistical treatment included percentis analysis for all the parameters, in absolute values (deltas in relation to the base line), which were elaborated starting from the results obtained in the beginning of the training (T1). Those were used for athletes training (TR) or overtraining (ST) determination. The results obtained during the training period were treated by one way variance analysis (ANOVA), followed for Newman Keuls post-hoc test, when necessary / Mestre

Orientador: Maria Alice Rostom de Mello / Banca: Eliete Luciano / Banca: Cláudio Alexandre Gobatto / Banca: Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira Duarte / Banca: Ana Raimunda Dâmaso / Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivos: 1- adaptar para ratos dois modelos de treinamento intervalado, realizados no treinamento com humanos; 2- padronizar uma periodização do treinamento aeróbio para natação com ratos; 3- comparar os efeitos desses protocolos com o treinamento contínuo. Foram avaliados em ratos Wistar, adultos (70-120 dias), o limiar anaeróbio de lactato (LAN); a concentração de lactato sangüíneo (CLS) relativa á carga de 5% mc, durante o teste do LAN; o glicogênio muscular e hepático; o metabolismo glicídico à, virro, em fatias isoladas de músculo sóleo incubadas em presença de insulina (lOOpiJ/lOOinL), medindo-se a captação de glicose pela [FI] 2-deoxyglicose (2- UG = O,SuiCimL), a síntese de glicogênio, produção de lactato e oxidação de glicose com glicose (5,5 mM) contendo U-'4C] glicose (0,25 pti'mL'), expressos em imolg'ht A análise estatística empregada foi Mova, one-way, p<O,05. Em um experimento, quatro grupos de animais foram estudados: sedentário (SED); continuo, que realizou treinamento contínuo com sobrecarga de 5% da massa corporal (mc), (TC5); intervalado 7,5, treinamento intervalado com 7,5% mc, relação esforço:pausa de 4 min:lmin3os (T17,5); Intervalado 10, treinamento íntervalado com 1 0% mc, com relação esforço:pausa de 30s:30s (TIl 0). Os animais treinados realizaram exercício ó0min/dia, Em outro experimento, aiém de um gwpo SEI) foram formados dois grupos: treinamento contínuo (TC5) e treinamento periodizado (período preparatório básico, específico e polimento), com alternância de volume-intensidade e dos estímulos aeróbios e anaeróbios (TP). Após um período de 3-4 semanas de adaptação, em ambos os estudos, os grupos treinados mantiveram freqüência de 5... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study aimed to adapt for rats two models of interval training currently used in human training, establish a periodisation protocol for aerobic swimming training and to compare them with the continuous swimming training. The variables evaluated were lactate anaerobic threshold (AT); blood lactate concentration (BLC) at the overload of 5% body mass (bm) during the test for AT estimation and muscle and liver glycogen concentrations. Glucose metabolism in vitro, in isolated sóleous muscle incubated in presence of insulin (lOOmU/lOOmL), was also evaluated, by measuring the glicose uptake, using [3H] 2-deoxyglicose (2-DO = 0,5 uCimL1) as tracer, as well as, glycogen synthesis, lactate production and glucose oxidation from [U' 4C] glucose (0,25 tCi mLj. The statistical methods included Anova one-way, with the significance level set at 5%. In one experiment, four groups of male Wistar were compared: sedentary (SED); continuous training with overload of 5% bm (CT5); interval training with 7,5% bm, work:pause of 4 min:lmin30s (IT-7,5); Interval training with overlod of 10% mc, work:pause of 30s:30s (IT-1O). The groups of exercise-ttrained rats exercised 6Omini'day. In another experiment, a SED group, a continuous training (CT5) and a periosdised training (basic, specific and taper period), with volume intensity, aerobic and anaerobic alternation of the stimulus (PT) were formed. After a 3-4 weeks adaptation period, in both experiments, the trained groups maintained training frequency of 5 days/week, during 5 weeks. In each experiment, the training overload was quantified (% bm time of exercise in the training session) and the total work was the same in all groups. In the first experiment there was no significant difference in AT among the groups. CT5 group presented lower BLC at 5% bm than SED (CT5 = -21,8; 1T7,5 e ITIO = -12,7%) groups, The animal of the [T-7,5 group... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below) / Doutor

In my thesis I deal with issues of selection and training of talents in the youth football teams 1.FK Pribram. I play football from early childhood, so I can use my experiences in problematic selection and in training of football talents. Theoretical part I divided into eight chapters. The first chapter describes the history of football. The second chapter describes the history of football in our country. The third chapter deals with the characteristics of the current concept of football. Follows the fourth chapter, where are graphs of football competitions from the ages preparatory to adult men's category. In the fifth chapter is detailed content of the performance of an individual, game, goalie and the coach's personality and his work. Chapter six is devoted mainly characteristics of age periods from preparatory to older pupils. The penultimate chapter contains objectives, content and output of training groups from each age. Final eighth chapter describes talents and the selection of talents. Researching part is created by my own research in selecting and training talents. In my work I set hypotheses and results of research either confirm or refute them. Part of my job is also an empirical investigation, where I used the method of questionnaire and structured interview methods, including...

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This dissertation examines the history of the application of science to the training of elite runners through 1975. In particular, it details the changes that occurred in the ruling theories of training within the framework of what Thomas Kuhn, author of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions refers to as a “paradigm shift.” The quest for the origins of training began in ancient Greece where the earliest written histories of athletics were recorded. There, according to the sophist Philostratus, a rudimentary form of periodization (a process of structuring training into phases) was born. Examination of eighteenth and the bulk of nineteenth century training practices revealed little difference in the training of horses, fighting cocks, greyhounds, pugilists (boxers), and runners. In the lead up to WWI, training could be classified as “light,” where athletes stayed competitive with very little training. Athletic training between WWI and WWII was characterized by the advent of “moderate” training loads and the introduction of innovative training methods--fartlek and interval training. Arthur Lydiard’s recommendations of preliminary marathon training for distance runners (800- 10,000 meters) in the late 1950s, along with the training of Emil Zátopek, Peter Snell,and Jim Ryun, epitomized a transition from moderate to “heavy” training loads thatoccurred between 1945 and 1975. Meanwhile, other eminent coaches such as Payton Jordan of Stanford University and William Bowerman of the University of Oregon offered balance to the heavy volume training approach by emphasizing quality over quantity. Following WWII, in the battle for world ideological supremacy, the Soviet Union utilized sport as a political tool to demonstrate the superiority of its communist system. Integral to achieving the best sporting results was the application of “cutting edge” sport science and the advent of modern-day periodization. The first detailed English-language overview of Professor Lev Pavlovich Matveyev’s groundbreaking theory of periodization by Frank Dick of Great Britain in 1975 caused a major shift in the paradigm of planning an athlete’s training--so much so, that by the turn of the twenty-first century, periodization formed the foundation of most modern coaching theory and practice and the basis of every serious athlete’s training. / text

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