Pang, On Hei Bonnie. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-168). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; appendix also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.x / List of Tables --- p.xi / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- Introduction --- p.1 / Background of the Study --- p.1 / Summary --- p.6 / Purposes of the Study --- p.7 / Hypotheses --- p.8 / Definition of Terms --- p.9 / Delimitations of the Study --- p.10 / Limitations of the Study --- p.11 / Significance of the Study --- p.11 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- Review of Literature --- p.13 / Introduction --- p.13 / Theoretical Literature --- p.14 / Overview of the Expectancy Value Model --- p.17 / Expectancy Value Model Constructs --- p.19 / Expectancy Value Model Assumptions --- p.24 / Empirical Research --- p.27 / Parental Socialization --- p.27 / The Social and Cultural Milieu of Hong Kong Parents and Children --- p.37 / Summary --- p.45 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- Method --- p.46 / Participants --- p.46 / Children --- p.46 / Parents --- p.47 / Procedures --- p.48 / Instrumentation --- p.49 / Children Measures --- p.49 / Parental Measures --- p.51 / Interviews --- p.53 / Data analysis --- p.55 / Questionnaire Data --- p.55 / Interview Data --- p.57 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- Results --- p.58 / Confirmatory Factor Analysis --- p.59 / Exploratory Factor Analysis --- p.61 / Descriptive Statistics................................................................- --- p.63 / Gender Differences in Children´ةs STV and Sport Participation --- p.66 / Parental Differences in Perceived-Sport Value in Children --- p.67 / Correlations and Regression Analyses of Parental and Children´ةs Variables --- p.68 / Mediating Effect between Parental Influence and Children´ةs Sport Participation --- p.75 / Interview Results --- p.77 / Experiences in terms of STV Components in Sport (High STV group) --- p.78 / Experiences in terms of STV Components in Sport (Low STV group) --- p.83 / Parental Influences on Children´ةs STV and Sport Participation (High STV group) --- p.88 / Parental Influences on Children´ةs STV and Sport Participation (Low STV group) --- p.97 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- Discussion --- p.107 / Chapter Part One: --- Quantitative Inquiry --- p.109 / Theoretical Expansion on Eccles，STV Components Work --- p.109 / Gender Differences and Correlations in Children´ةs STV Components and Sport Participation --- p.111 / Differences in Parental Value Placed on Children´ةs Sport --- p.116 / Relations between Parental influences and Children´ةs STV Components and Participation in Sport --- p.117 / Chapter Part Two: --- Qualitative Inquiry --- p.121 / Understanding Children´ةs Experiences and their influence on their STV in sport: a Social and Cultural Milieu Approach --- p.121 / Understanding Children´ةs Perceptions on Parental Influence on their STV Components and Participation in Sport --- p.132 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- "Conclusion, Limitations and Recommendations" --- p.141 / Conclusion --- p.141 / Practical Recommendations --- p.142 / Limitations and Theoretical Recommendations --- p.143 / REFERENCES --- p.146 / Appendix A --- p.169 / Appendix B --- p.170 / Appendix C --- p.171 / Appendix D --- p.172 / Appendix E --- p.173 / Appendix F --- p.175 / Appendix G --- p.177 / Appendix H --- p.178 / Appendix I --- p.180 / Appendix J --- p.182 / Appendix K --- p.184 / Appendix L --- p.186 / Appendix M --- p.187 / Appendix N --- p.188 / Appendix O --- p.189 / Appendix P --- p.190 / Appendix Q --- p.191 / Appendix R --- p.192 / Appendix S --- p.193

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Human Performance / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / abstract / Physical Education and Sport Science / Master / Master of Philosophy

The first study (Chapter 3) examined the reliability and validity of the modified Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey (CLASS) questionnaire in assessing physical activity and sedentary behavior of the Hong Kong Chinese children. The modified Chinese questionnaire (CLASS-C) consisted of a checklist of 31 physical activities and 13 sedentary pursuits. The test-retest reliability of the questionnaire was examined in 84 boys and 136 girls aged 9 to 14 years by the comparison of data from the two survey administrations carried out one week apart. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were analyzed to determine consistency in results. A sub-sample of 139 children completed the 7-day accelerometer protocol. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by comparing data from the second administration with the accelerometer estimates of moderate- and/or vigorous-intensity physical activity. Bland-Altman plots were performed to further examine the agreement of the two methods. Acceptable reliability was found in self-reported time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (ICC = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.61-0.77) and in the sedentary behaviors (ICC = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.59-0.77). Self-reported estimate in daily MVPA was moderately correlated with minutes assessed by the accelerometer (girls: r = 0.48, P<0.05; boys: r = 0.27, P>0.05). Bland-Altman plots showed that self-reports of vigorous physical activity were higher than those assessed by the accelerometer. / The second study (Chapter 4) developed an instrument based on the social ecological model to evaluate the socio-environmental correlates of the children's physical activity and sedentary behavior. The instrument consisted of segments that incorporated reports from both the children and their parents. Children were asked about intrapersonal factors and perceived environments at home and in the neighborhood. Corresponding parents reported demographic information (age, education, occupation, income, and weight status), their physical activity and sedentary behavior habits, the control on their child's sedentary behavior, and perception of physical environment in the neighborhood. The questionnaires were administrated in a group of 160 primary schoolchildren aged 10 to 14 years and their parents on two occasions with 8 to 10 days apart. The test-retest reliability of each individual item was determined using percent agreement and kappa statistics for the categorical variables and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for the continuous variables. The overall missing rates were 2.5% to 5.6% for children- and parent-reported items. The ICC values for continuous variables in children-reported individual and familial factors ranged from 0.66 to 0.79. For self-reported categorical variables, kappa values ranged from 0.27 to 0.76, and an percent agreement statistics were greater than 80%. Meanwhile, reliability statistics for parent-reported home and environment variables showed acceptable consistency with most of the ICC values greater than 0.70. / The third study (Chapter 5) aimed to investigate the physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns among a sample of 1013 primary 4-6 schoolchildren using the CLASS-C questionnaire. The individual, social and physical environmental correlates of the activity behaviors were investigated through a sub-sample of 303 children, whose habitual activity was objectively assessed by ActiGraph accelerometer, in addition to subjective measures by the CLASS-C questionnaire. The multiple correlates of activity behavior for the children in the sub-sample group were assessed using the environmental correlates questionnaire which was developed in Study II. Cluster analyses were used to group children with similar activity patterns. Hierarchical regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of the multiple variables with activity behaviors. Approximately half of the children did not reach the recommended physical activity level and one fifth of them engaged in excessive TV viewing of 2 hr every day. Cluster analysis identifies 5 clusters of children who shared similar patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that participation in school sports team and having higher self-efficacy was positively associated with self-reports in MVPA in boys after controlling age, body mass index (BMI), and parental education. Girls who reported participation in school sports team and perceived the availability of more sports facilities at home self-reported more time spent in MVPA after controlling socio-demographic variables. Perception of parental support on physical activity was positively correlated with accelerometer-assessed MVPA among girls, while it was inversely associated with sedentary behaviors in boys. Residence density was positively associated with boys' sedentary behaviors, while girls whose parents reported more safety concerns on neighborhood environment were more likely to be sedentary. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / Huang, Ya Jun. / Adviser: Stephen H. S. Wong. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-06, Section: A, page: 1972. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-175). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.