Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

The article is focused on the definitions of brick masonry expert assessment and brick masonry buildings assessment methodologies. The expert diagnostic procedures include building diagnostics, defects determination, static ensuring and so on. It is also necessary to choose the proper procedure of defects measurement and remediation. It is very important not to neglect the determination of costs. One of the methods that can greatly help in the process of assessing the condition of buildings is the brick masonry defects and faults monitoring with an emphasis on long-term measurements of the cracks shifts of various origin. Cracks are one of the most common disorders appearing in brick masonry buildings. In the article I compare and evaluate monitoring of the most significant cracks appearing during the excavation of Královopolský tunnel situated under Dobrovského street in Brno, where some depressions and inclinations of existing buildings had happened, as well as st. Gothard church in Brno Modřice and some masonry school building in Brno. In these selected cases the methodology of brick masonry expert assessment was verified.

The article is focused on the definitions of brick masonry expert assessment and brick masonry buildings assessment methodologies. The expert diagnostic procedures include building diagnostics, defects determination, static ensuring and so on. It is also necessary to choose the proper procedure of defects measurement and remediation. It is very important not to neglect the determination of costs. One of the methods that can greatly help in the process of assessing the condition of buildings is the brick masonry defects and faults monitoring with an emphasis on long-term measurements of the cracks shifts of various origin. Cracks are one of the most common disorders appearing in brick masonry buildings. In the article I compare and evaluate monitoring of the most significant cracks appearing during the excavation of Královopolský tunnel situated under Dobrovského street in Brno, where some depressions and inclinations of existing buildings had happened, as well as st. Gothard church in Brno Modřice and some masonry school building in Brno. In these selected cases the methodology of brick masonry expert assessment was verified.

I dagsläget dimensioneras bullerskärmar efter varje projekt med den enda gemensamma nämnaren att de skall uppfylla utformade riktlinjer och bullerkrav. De kan skilja sig enormt vad gäller estetisk utformning och konstruktion. Denna arbetsgång är både tids - och kostnadsineffektiv med konsekvenser som följd, framförallt då externa arkitekter anställs för att sätta sin egen prägel. Uppgiften har utdelats gemensamt utav Trafikverket och Peab som ser ett behov utav standardiserade bullerskärmar. Slutsatsen har dragits utav tidigare projekt och då framförallt projekt Mälarbanan. Denna rapport syftar till att, med utgångspunkt Mälarbanan, ta fram ett förslag till ett standardiserat system som skall kunna användas runt om i Sverige. Detta system, skall motverka dagens problematik med nuvarande bullerskärmar. Systemet kommer i texten att benämnas som Bsk 14F som står för Bullerskärm 14 Försök. Resultatet utav Bsk 14F kommer att redovisas med ljudmodelleringar i dataprogrammet INSUL som används i dagens utformningar. Ritningar i CAD kommer att påvisa Bsk 14Fs konstruktion och kalkylräkning för kostnaderna. Vi har även jämfört olika bullerskärmar som finns att tillgå på marknaden idag för att undersöka möjligheten att välja ett befintligt system. Med hjälp av en yrkesverksam akustiker, konstruktörer, platschefer och arbetsledare har vi kunnat erhålla underlag för att producera ett slutligt resultat. Här påvisas att med ett standardiserat system går det att uppnå ljudkraven som erfordras till ett lägre pris utan att behöva kompromissa utrymme för arkitektoniskt prägel. / Ideally, the basic standard forms of how and why noise barriers are created are to fulfill the purpose of reducing sound. They vary greatly regarding their esthetics and design. Particular mechanics are both time and cost ineffective consequentially when external architects are contracted to put their trademark on them. Trafikverket and Peab, whom identify the need of standardizing noise barriers, have collaboratively delegated the assignment. The conclusion has been drawn from earlier projects and Project Mälarbanan. The premise of the report (having Mälarbanan as an example) is to offer a standardized system which would be used throughout Sweden. This system would, thus, counter the current problems with noise barriers that exist today. The system will be noted in the text as Bsk 14F, which stands for Bullerskärm 14 Försök (Noise Barrier 14 experimental). A computer sound-model program using today’s configurations will present the results of Bsk 14F, whereas drawings in CAD will show Bsk 14F’s design and calculation costs. A comparison has also been made to examine the possibility of choosing a noise barrier currently existing on the market today. With the help of effectively using a professional acoustician, engineers, site managers, and project leaders was it possible to obtain the core material to produce an ultimate and final result. The following demonstrates that establishing a standardized system, which fulfills the sound requirements and be constructed at a lower cost, is attainable without having to comprise the architectural trademark.

Lic.-avh. Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2009. / Härtill 2 uppsatser.

Η ψηφιακή εποχή για πολλά ευρωπαϊκά αρχεία, βιβλιοθήκες και μουσεία δεν αποτελεί πλέον επιλογή, αλλά πραγματικότητα. Η μετατροπή του πολιτισμικού περιεχομένου όλων των ειδών σε bits και bytes ανοίγει νέους ορίζοντες στην προσέγγιση παραδοσιακού και νέου κοινού, προσφέροντας πρόσβαση σε πολιτισμικές πηγές με τρόπους ασύλληπτους δεκαετίες πριν. Επίσης, οι ανάγκες για αποτελεσματική και εύκολη πρόσβαση σε γεωγραφικές πληροφορίες έχουν αυξηθεί θεαματικά τα τελευταία χρόνια λόγω του αυξανόμενου πλήθους εφαρμογών που χρησιμοποιούν χωρικά δεδομένα, της γενικότερης πολιτικής για ελευθερία πρόσβασης σε πληροφορίες, και της τεχνολογικής εξέλιξης που έχει επιβάλλει νέα φιλοσοφία και νέες δυνατότητες στην πρόσβαση και συσχέτιση δεδομένων. Για να εξυπηρετηθούν αποτελεσματικά οι ανάγκες αυτές, απαιτείται μια ευρεία λειτουργικότητα μεταξύ συστημάτων, δεδομένων και διαδικασιών, γνωστή ως διαλειτουργικότητα. Η διαλειτουργικότητα, τουλάχιστον όσον αφορά την πρόσβαση σε πληροφορίες και τη μεταφορά τους, υλοποιείται μέσω της τυποποίησης τόσο της δομής και της σημασίας τους (content, representation, semantics), όσο και της μορφής μεταφοράς (format) μέσα από ένα σύνολο κανόνων που συνιστούν αυτό που ονομάζεται πρότυπο. Η απαίτηση των χρηστών για υιοθέτηση προτύπων εκτιμάται ότι θα είναι έντονη τα επόμενα χρόνια, ενώ η διαμόρφωση και καθιέρωση ενός τυποποιημένου τρόπου ανταλλαγής δεδομένων φαίνεται ότι είναι η μόνη που μπορεί να διαφυλάξει από απώλεια επενδύσεων σε ήδη παραχθέντα δεδομένα αλλά και εξοικονόμηση χιλιάδων ανθρωποωρών, που τώρα αναλίσκονται για τη διαμόρφωση κατά περίπτωση προγραμμάτων - μεταφραστών, για αντιμετώπιση άμεσων αναγκών. Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία επικεντρώνεται στα διαφορετικά πρότυπα τυποποίησης της σημασίας της πληροφορίας, των μεταδεδομένων. Συγκεκριμένα στα μεταδεδομένα της πολιτισμικής και γεωγραφικής πληροφορίας. Αναφέρονται λοιπόν τα δημοφιλέστερα πρότυπα μεταδεδομένων πολιτιστικής και γεωγραφικής πληροφορίας, τα χαρακτηριστικά και η δομή τους καθώς και πραγματικές εφαρμογές τους. / The digital season for many European archives, libraries and museums is not any more an option, but a reality. Converting the cultural information into bits and bytes opens new horizons in attracting traditional and new audience and permits access to cultural resources in ways inconceivable a few decades before. Also, recently the need for efficient and easy access to geographical information has been increased dramatically due to the increased number of applications which use spatial data, to the need of free access to information and to technological evolution which has imposed a new philosophy and new possibilities to access and association of data. In order to serve efficiently these needs, an interaction among different systems, data and processes is required known as interoperability. The interoperability, as far as access to information and carrying information is concerned, is materialized through standardisation. There are three types of standardisation: of the structure, of the meaning (content, representation, semantics) and of the way the information is carried (format) according to a set of rules which compose what we call standard. It is expected that in the next few years a larger number of users are going to use and adopt standards while at the same time the configuration and establishment of a fixed way of exchanging data is the only one to secure loss of investments of already produced data and to save thousands of man-hours that are now wasted for configuring programs per case for facing urgent needs. The present paper is focussed on the various standards of the meaning of the information. We only concern about cultural and geographical information. It presents the most popular standards of metadata of cultural and geographical information as well as real applications that use them.