El uso de plantas para el alivio de afecciones de manera exitosa nos lleva a investigar su actividad y hacer formulaciones aprovechando los principios activos de estas. Es así; que en el presente trabajo se determinó el efecto antimicrobiano del gel elaborado con extracto etanólico de hojas de Senecio rhizomatus Rusby; planta seleccionada en base a la etnobotánica y etnofarmacia, se recolectó en la zona de Chavín de Huantar, distrito de Huari, Departamento de Ancash, su nombre común es “Llancahuasha”; con la cual se hizo un extracto etanólico de hojas para la determinación de metabolitos secundarios utilizando reacciones en tubo y Cromatografía en Capa Fina para la determinación de Alcaloides. Con el extracto etanólico se elaboró un gel antimicrobiano a concentraciones de 12,5 y 25 mg/mL; se evaluó su efecto antimicrobiano mediante el método de difusión en agar, utilizando para ello cepas de Staphylococcus aureus aisladas de muestra clínica hospitalaria y de la comunidad. Se encontró alcaloides, flavonoides y saponinas esteroidales y mediante la lectura e interpretación de zonas claras de inhibición del crecimiento bacteriano se comprobó el efecto antibacterial significativo del gel a concentración de 25 mg/mL frente a cepa de la comunidad de S. aureus, el halo de inhibición formado fue de 20 mm y con la cepa hospitalaria el halo de inhibición formado fue de 18 mm. Se concluye entonces que el gel elaborado con extracto etanólico de hojas de Senecio rhizomatus Rusby tiene efecto antibacteriano in vitro. Palabras clave: Senecio rhizomatus, gel antimicrobiano, difusión en agar, Staphylococcus aureus, inhibición. / --- The use of plants to relieve infections successfully leads us to investigate their activities and make formulations taking advantage of the active ingredients present. Is thus; in this study the antimicrobial effect of the gel made from ethanol extract of leaves of Senecio rhizomatus Rusby, selected based on ethnopharmacy and ethnobotany. It was collected in the area of Chavin de Huantar, Huari district, Department of Ancash, the common name of this species is "Llancahuasha", which it was made an ethanolic extract of leaves for determination of secondary metabolites using tube reactions and Thin Layer Chromatography for determination of alkaloids. With ethanolic extract, it is elaborated an antimicrobial gel at concentrations of 12,5 and 25 mg/mL ; Its antimicrobial effect was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method, using strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospital clinic and community samples. It was found alkaloids, flavonoids and steroidal saponins by reading and interpretating of clear zones of inhibition of bacterial growth, it was found significant antibacterial effect of the gel to a concentration of 25 mg/mL versus community strain of S. aureus, halo inhibition formed was 20 mm and hospital strain, with the inhibition halo formed was 18 mm. It is concluded that the gel made from ethanol extract of leaves of Senecio rhizomatus Rusby has antibacteril effect in vitro. Keywords: Senecio rhizomatus, antimicrobial gel, agar well diffusion, Staphylococcus aureus, inhibition / Tesis

Class of 2013 Abstract / Specific Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess risk factors that are associated with inpatient charges and mortality rates with methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureu (MRSA), Aspergillus, and Candida in children with leukemia. The hypotheses is MRSA and opportunistic fungal infections are associated with higher inpatient charges and worse outcomes relative to those without. Children with leukemia are especially at risk due to underdeveloped and compromised immune systems. The rational is that identifying the risk factors that affect mortality and inpatient charges of these infections should add to the current knowledge of treating and preventing these infections in immune compromised patients. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using the Agency for Healthcare Research Quality (AHRQ) KIDS 2009 database. Inclusion criteria was defined as 17 years of age or younger and a ICD-9 code for an active infection with MRSA, Aspergillus, or Candida. Regression analysis's were performed to identify factors that had an impact on mortality, length of stay, and direct patient charges. Main Results: Values that were significant (p≤0.05) for predicting an increase in mortality were Age (year), MRSA, Aspergillus, Candida, and Deyo-Charlson comorbidity scores. Significant predictors of increased Inpatient Charges (p≤0.05) was Age (year), MRSA, Aspergillus, Candida, Female Sex, Deyo-Charlson comorbidity scores, Urban Hospitals, and the Southern Region. Significant predictors of Increased Length of Stay (p≤0.05) MRSA, Aspergillus, Candida, Female Sex, Deyo-Charlson, Urban Hospitals, Teaching Hospitals, and the Southern Region. Conclusion: Although uncommon in leukemia cases involving pediatrics or young adults, statistically significant and large risks of higher mortality, length of stay, and inpatient charges were noted in cases involving MRSA, aspergillus, and candida. Increasing Deyo-Charlson comorbidities scores were also consistently important predictors for poor outcomes in these leukemia patients and, with certain outcomes, increasing age and female sex.