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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Computational Investigation of Steady Navier-Stokes Flows Past a Circular Obstacle in Two--Dimensional Unbounded Domain

Gustafsson, Carl Fredrik Jonathan 04 1900 (has links)
<p>This thesis is a numerical investigation of two-dimensional steady flows past a circular obstacle. In the fluid dynamics research there are few computational results concerning the structure of the steady wake flows at Reynolds numbers larger than 100, and the state-of-the-art results go back to the work of Fornberg (1980) Fornberg (1985). The radial velocity component approaches its asymptotic value relatively slowly if the solution is ``physically reasonable''. This presents a difficulty when using the standard approach such as domain truncation. To get around this problem, in the present research we will develop a spectral technique for the solution of the steady Navier-Stokes system. We introduce the ``bootstrap" method which is motivated by the mathematical fact that solutions of the Oseen system have the same asymptotic structure at infinity as the solutions of the steady Navier-Stokes system with the same boundary conditions. Thus, in the ``bootstrap" method, the streamfunction is calculated as a perturbation to the solution to the Oseen system. Solutions are calculated for a range of Reynolds number and we also investigate the solutions behaviour when the Reynolds number goes to infinity. The thesis compares the numerical results obtained using the proposed spectral ``bootstrap" method and a finite--difference approach for unbounded domains against previous results. For Reynolds numbers lower than 100, the wake is slender and similar to the flow hypothesized by Kirchoff (1869) and Levi-Civita (1907). For large Reynolds numbers the wake becomes wider and appears more similar to the Prandtl-Batchelor flow, see Batchelor (1956).</p> / Doctor of Science (PhD)
2

Comportement asymptotique des solutions des équations de Navier-Stokes stationnaires incompressibles / Asymptotic behavior of solutions of the steady incompressible Navier- Stokes equations

Decaster, Agathe 08 December 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse traite de l'étude des équations de Navier-Stokes stationnaires incompressibles et, plus précisément, le comportement quand x→∞ de ses solutions. On étudie la situation dans différents types de domaines non bornés en supposant une condition de nullité à l'infini. On regarde d'abord la dimension 3, dans lequel on sait que si le terme de force décroît très vite à l'infini, le comportement asymptotique est donné par les solutions de Landau, qui sont homogènes de degré -1. On généralise donc ce résultat à des termes de force petits dont le comportement asymptotique est donné par un terme avec l'homogénéité correspondante, c'est-à-dire de degré -3. Pour cela, on trouve une condition nécessaire et suffisante qui est que la partie homogène du terme de force soit de moyenne nulle sur la sphère. Pour finir, on généralise ce résultat au cas d'un domaine extérieur. Dans le cas d'un demi-espace, on va plus loin en montrant que si le terme de force décroit assez à l'infini on obtient des solutions décroissant comme 1/|x|2 à l'infini et on trouve une expression explicite du terme dominant. On peut aussi montrer le même type de résultat que dans l'espace entier avec un terme de force en 1/|x|3 mais la condition de moyenne nulle sur la sphère disparaıt. Dans l'étude de la dimension 2 dans le plan tout entier, on se rend compte que les choses sont plus compliquées. D'abord, pour les solutions homogènes, on arrive à trouver les conditions pour que, si le terme de force est suffisamment petit, on obtienne l'existence de solution qui forment alors une famille à deux paramètres. Mais en leur imposant la restriction d'avoir un flux nul sur le cercle unité, on obtient une famille avec un paramètre seulement. Enfin on étudie les solutions non homogènes, mais pour cela on doit supposer certaines conditions de symétrie sur les données. On trouve alors, pour des termes de force décroissant très vite à l'infini, des solutions en 1/|x|3 et on obtient une formule explicite pour le terme principal de leur développement asymptotique. Ce résultat se généralise aussi au cas d'un domaine extérieur et pour finir, dans ce cadre symétrique, on trouve un résultat analogue au cas de la dimension 3 pour des termes de force qui décroissent en 1/|x|3 à l'infini / This thesis deals with the steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, more precisely with the asymptotic behavior of its solutions when |x| → ∞. We consider several types of unbounded domains and we assume that the velocity vanishes at infinity. We first look at the three dimensional case, for which we know that if the forcing term decays fast enough at infinity, the asymptotic behavior of the solutions is given by the Landau solutions that are homogeneous of degree -1. We generalize this result to small forcing terms whose asymptotic behavior at infinity is homogeneous of degree -3. To obtain solutions with an asymptotic behavior at infinity homogeneous of degree -1 we find a necessary and sufficient condition on the forcing : the homogeneous part of the forcing term must have zero mean over the unit sphere. Finally, we generalize this result to the case of an exterior domain. In the case of a half space, we prove that if the forcing term decays sufficiently fast at infinity, then we obtain solutions that decay as 1/|x|2 at infinity and we find an explicit formula for the dominant term in the expansion at infinity of the solution. We can also prove the same type of result as in the full space with forcing terms decaying like 1/|x|3 but the condition of zero mean over the sphere is not required any more. The case of the dimension two is much more difficult. We study first homogeneous solutions and find a family indexed on two real parameters. Imposing the restriction of having zero flux through the unit circle, we get a family of solutions with only one parameter. Finally we deal with non homogeneous solutions, but to do this we need to assume some symmetry conditions on the data. If the forcing term is small and decays sufficiently fast at infinity, we find solutions that decay like 1/|x|3 at infinity and we also obtain an explicit formula for the main term in their asymptotic expansion. We generalize this result to the case of an exterior domain and we also obtain, again under symmetry assumptions, an analogous result to the three dimensional case for forcing terms that decay like 1/|x|3 at infinity

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