FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O presente trabalho relata o estudo quÃmico do caule de Cestrum laevigatum Schlecht (Solanaceae), coletado no municÃpio de Pacoti-CE. A partir da investigaÃÃo do extrato etanÃlico utilizando tÃcnicas clÃssicas de cromatografia de adsorÃÃo (gel de sÃlica e sÃlica flash) e exclusÃo (Sephadex LH-20) foi possÃvel o isolamento de esterÃides e um triterpeno. Os esterÃides de esqueleto espirostano foram caracterizados como uma mistura de sapogeninas 25(S)-5-espirostano-2,3-diol e 25(R)-5-espirostano-2,3-diol (gitogenina) (CL-1), a mistura de epÃmeros (25R)-5-espirostano-2,3-diol-3-O--D-galactopiranosÃdeo e (25S)-5-espirostano-2,3-diol-3-O--D-galactopiranosÃdeo (CL-2), e a mistura epimÃrica da saponina de carÃter inÃdito na literatura (25R,S)-5-espirostan-2,3-diol-3-O--D-galactopiranosil(1→4)- -D-galactopiranosil(1→4)--D-glicopiranosil (CL-3). AlÃm destes compostos, foram isolados ainda a mistura dos esterÃides -sitosterol e estigmasterol (CL-5) e seus derivados glicosilados (CL-6), alÃm do triterpeno pentacÃclico de esqueleto do tipo lupano β-lup-20(29)-en-3-ol (lupeol) (CL-4). A caracterizaÃÃo estrutural dos compostos isolados foi possÃvel atravÃs do uso de tÃcnicas espectroscÃpicas, principalmente RMN, incluindo seqÃÃncias de pulso uni e bidimensionais, e comparaÃÃo com dados relatados na literatura. Das saponinas investigadas quanto ao potencial antimicrobiano, apenas CL-3 mostrou-se ativa contra Bacillos subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Enterobacter aerogenes. A atividade leishmanicida foi realizada com CL-1, CL-2 e CL-3, porÃm, apenas CL-3 mostrou-se ativa contra Leishmania amazonensis. Em relaÃÃo à atividade antifÃngica, CL-1 mostrou-se ativa apenas contra Microsporum canis. CL-2 apresentou excelentes resultados contra Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum e Trichophyton mentagrophytes, e uma atividade relativamente boa contra Microsporum canis. Jà CL-3 aparece revelou uma excelente atividade antifÃngica contra todas as cepas testadas. Os resultados promissores obtidos atà o momento a partir do extrato etanÃlico do caule de C. laevigatum confirmam o grande potencial quÃmico/farmacolÃgico das espÃcies deste gÃnero, e justificam a importÃncia do trabalho realizado / This work reports the chemical study of the stem of Cestrum laevigatum Schlecht (Solanaceae), collected at the Pacoti-CE. The investigation of the ethanol extract using conventional techniques of adsorption chromatography (silica gel and silica flash) and exclusion (Sephadex LH-20) was possible the isolation of steroids and triterpene. The spirostan steroids have been characterized as the mixture at the sapogenins 25(S)-5-espirostan-2,3-diol and 25(R)-5-espirostan-2,3-diol (gitogenin) (CL-1), a mixture of epimers (25R)-5-espirostan-2,3-diol-3-O--Dgalactopyranoside and (25S)-5-espirostan-2,3-diol-3-O--D-galactoyiranoside (CL-2), and the mixture of new epimer (25R,S)-5-espirostan-2,3-diol-3-O--Dgalactopyranosil(1→4)--D-galactopyranosil(1→4)--D-glicopyranosil (CL-3). Besides these compounds, were also isolated the mixture of steroids β-sitosterol and stigmasterol (CL-5) and its glycosides (CL-6), and the pentacyclic triterpene β-lup-20(29)-en-3-ol (lupeol) (CL-4). The structural characterization of the isolated compounds was possible through the use of spectroscopic techniques, mainly NMR, including sequences of uni and bidimensional pulse, and comparison with literature data. CL-3 was shown to be active against Bacille subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter aerogenes. The leishmanicide activity was performed with CL-1, CL-2 and CL-3, however, only CL-3 was shown to be active against Leishmania amazonensis. For the antifungical activity, CL-1 was shown to be active only against Microsporum canis. CL-2 showed excellent results against Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and a relatively good activity against Microsporum canis. CL-3 appears with excellent activity antifungical against all strains tested. The promising results obtained so far from the ethanol extract of the stem of C. laevigatum confirm the great potential chemical / pharmacological species of this genus, and justify the importance of work

L’intérêt des substances d’origine naturelle, potentiellement anti-tumorales nous a amené à nous intéresser aux saponines triterpéniques et stéroïdiques de plantes issues de la biodiversité africaine de la famille des Araliaceae et des Dracaenaceae. En effet, des études antérieures menées sur quelques plantes de ces deux familles ont conduit à l’obtention de molécules complexes et originales possédant d’excellentes propriétés cytotoxiques, immuno-modulatrices, anti-inflammatoires. Au vu de ces résultats nous avons entrepris des investigations pharmaco-chimiques sur Cussonia arborea (Araliaceae), Dracaena deisteliana et Dracaena arborea (Dracaenaceae), plantes médicinales couramment utilisées en pharmacopée traditionnelle africaine pour traiter différentes maladies. Les travaux menés ont conduit à l’isolement de 31 composés purs en utilisant les différentes techniques analytiques du laboratoire notamment les diverses techniques de chromatographie liquide successive à pression atmosphérique, moyenne pression et flash chromatographie sur silice en phase normale et en phase inverse. Les structures ont été déterminées par les méthodes de spectrométrie de masse en source FAB et de spectroscopie de RMN 1D et 2D (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HMBC et HSQC). Parmi les 07 composés purs obtenus des écorces de Cussonia arborea, 5 sont des nouvelles saponines triterpéniques dont un dérivé de l’acide ursolique, un dérivé de l’hédéragénine et trois dérivés de l’acide oléanolique, tous disubstitués en position 3 et 28 par des chaînes oligosaccharidiques. 13 composés purs sont obtenus à partir des feuilles de Cussonia arborea, dont 7 nouvelles saponines triterpéniques dérivés de l’acide ursolique, de l’acide 23-hydroxyursolique, de l’hédéragénine et de l’acide oléanolique dont 04 d’entre elles sont obtenues sous forme de mélanges inséparables d’isomères acide oléanolique/acide ursolique et hédéragénine/acide 23-hydroxyursolique. A partir des écorces de Dracaena arborea et des tiges de Dracaena deisteliana, nous avons isolé et caractérisé 10 saponines stéroïdiques dont 4 nouvelles et une sapogénine. Les activités de certains de ces produits purs ont été évaluées sur deux lignées de cellules cancéreuses coliques humaines HCT 116 et HT-29. / The interest of the substances from natural origin, potentially antitumor led us to interest in triterpenoid and steroidal saponins of plants from the African biodiversity belonging to the Araliaceae and Dracaenaceae families of plants. Indeed, of the former studies undertaken on some plants of these two families led to obtaining complex and original molecules having excellent cytotoxic, immuno-modulating, anti-inflammatory properties. Within sight of these results we undertook pharmaco-chemical investigations on Cussonia arborea (Araliaceae), Dracaena deisteliana, and Dracaena arborea (Dracaenaceae), medicinal plants usually used in african traditional pharmacopeia to treat various diseases. The work led to the isolation of 31 pure compounds by using the various analytical techniques in particular the various chromatography techniques (CC, MPLC, TLC, flash) on silica gel, normal and reversed phases. The structures were determined by the methods of mass spectrometry (FAB, ESI, IE) and 1D (1H and 13C) and 2D (COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HMBC and HSQC) NMR spectroscopy. Among the 07 pure compounds obtained of the barks of Cussonia arborea, 5 are new triterpenoid saponins derivatives of ursolic acid, hederagenin and three derived from the acid oleanolic, all disubstituted in position 3 and 28 by oligosaccharidic chains. 13 pure compounds were obtained from leaves of Cussonia arborea, seven of which are new triterpenoid saponins derivatives of oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, hederagenin and 23-hydroxyursolic acid of which four were obtained as mixtures of isomers oleanolic acid/ursolic acid and hederagenin/23-hydroxyursolic acid. From the bark of Dracaena arborea and stem of Dracaena deisteliana, we isolated and characterized ten steroidal saponins including 4 new and sapogenin. The activities of some of these pure products were evaluated on two cancerous lines human colic cells HCT 116 and HT-29.