• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 84
  • 18
  • 16
  • 16
  • 16
  • 16
  • 16
  • 16
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 2
  • 2
  • 2
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 147
  • 39
  • 30
  • 29
  • 29
  • 23
  • 21
  • 19
  • 19
  • 15
  • 14
  • 12
  • 12
  • 11
  • 11
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Effect of corn fibre oil and its constituents on cholesterol metabolism and intestinal sterol transporter gene expression in hamsters

Jain, Deepak M. January 2006 (has links)
The cholesterol-lowering effect of corn fiber oil, obtained from the seed coats of corn kernels, has been reported previously. Corn fiber oil contains phytosteryl fatty acyl esters, ferulate phytostanyl esters, and free phytosterols. To date, however, no studies have examined the cholesterol-lowering efficacy of ferulate phytostanyl esters. Moreover, although plant stanols and sterols have been established as cholesterol-lowering agents over the past five decades, their exact mechanisms of action are not clearly understood. One of the possible mechanism is that plant sterols/stanols disrupts the normal sub-cellular cholesterol absorption by down-regulation of the influx sterol transporters such as the Niemann pick C1 like 1(NPC1L1) protein and/or up-regulation of efflux sterol transporters such as the ATP binding cassette (ABC) G5 and ABCG8 protein. Hence, the objectives of this thesis were to assess the efficacy of corn fiber oil, ferulate phytostanyl esters and their parent compounds including sitostanol and ferulic acid, on plasma cholesterol levels. Further, objectives were to investigate their impact on parameters of cholesterol kinetics and gene expression of sterol transporters to obtain insight into their role in genetic control of regulation of cholesterol flux. Results of this experiment demonstrate that the hypocholesterolemic effect of corn fiber oil is mostly due to sitostanol, while esterification of ferulic acid and sitostanol yields no apparent synergistic cholesterol lowering effect. Present data exhibited a cholesterol absorption lowering effect of corn fiber oil and sitostanol and suggest that this effect may be due to up-regulation of intestinal enterocyte efflux sterol transporters such as ABCG5 and ABCG8.
82

Structural Characterization of Freshwater Dissolved Organic Matter from Arctic and Temperate Climates Using Novel Analytical Approaches

Woods, Gwen 19 March 2013 (has links)
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is comprised of a complex array of molecular constituents that are linked to many globally-relevant processes and yet this material is still largely molecularly uncharacterized. Research presented here attempted to probe the molecular complexity of this material from both Arctic and temperate climates via multifaceted and novel approaches. DOM collected from remote Arctic watersheds provided evidence to suggest that permafrost-disturbed systems contain more photochemically- and biologically-labile material than undisturbed systems. These results have large implications for predicted increasing temperatures where widespread permafrost melt would significantly impact stores of organic carbon in polar environments. In attempting to address the complexities and reactivity of DOM within global environments, more information at the molecular-level is necessary. Further research sought to unravel the molecularly uncharacterized fraction via use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in conjunction with hyphenated and varied analytical techniques. Directly hyphenated high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) with NMR was explored. This hyphenation was found to separate DOM into structurally distinct fractions but proved limited at reducing DOM heterogeneity. Of the many high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques tested, hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) was found the most effective at simplifying DOM. HILIC separations utilizing a sample from Florida resulted in fractions with highly resolved NMR signals and substantial reduction in heterogeneity. Further development with a 2D-HILIC/HILIC system to achieve additional fractionation was employed. This method produced fractions of DOM that were homogenous enough to produce excellent resolution and spectral dispersion, permitting 2D and 3D NMR experiments to be performed. Extensive NMR analyses of these fractions demonstrated strong evidence for the presence of highly oxidized sterols. All fractions, however, provided 2D NMR spectra consistent with oxidized polycyclic structures and support emerging data and hypotheses suggesting that cyclic structures, likely derived from terpenoids, are an abundant, refractory and major component of DOM. Research presented within this thesis demonstrates that HILIC and NMR are excellent co-techniques for the analysis of DOM as well as that oxidized sterols and other cyclic components with significant hydroxyl and carboxyl substituents are major constituents in DOM.
83

Plant sterol metabolism with emphasis on glycoalkaloid biosynthesis in potato /

Arnqvist, Lisa, January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2007. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
84

Phytosterol oxidation products : formation, analysis and occurrence /

Johnsson, Lars, January 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
85

Avaliação ambiental dos rios Barigüi E Alto Iguaçu (Paraná): a contaminação atual e a contaminação residual relacionada ao acidente da repar (2000)

Puerari, Lucas January 2011 (has links)
Os rios Iguaçu e Barigüi, nos trechos afetados pelo vazamento da REPAR (2000), foram amostrados em 18 pontos, em 3 campanhas (2007-2008). TPH, BTEX e HPA ocorrem na água com concentrações muito baixas ou nem foram detectados. Não há aporte de hidrocarbonetos proveniente da REPAR. No sedimento, não foram detectados BTEX, HPA têm concentrações baixas ou não foram detectados; TPH ocorre em concentrações 10 vezes menores que o padrão ambiental, mas foi detectado em todas as amostras. As maiores concentrações ocorrem no rio Iguaçu, a jusante da foz do Barigüi. Alguns HPA presentes no óleo derramado só ocorrem neste trecho, sugerindo origem a partir do rio Barigüi. As razões diagnósticas de HPA no sedimento não estabelecem ligação direta com o vazamento da REPAR, por predominarem indicações de fonte pirolítica ou mista. Entretanto, estudo do sedimento do Banhado 4 mostrou que muitas das razões diagnósticas de HPA que indicavam fonte petrogênica no óleo original passaram a indicar fonte pirolítica 7 anos após o acidente. O índice pirogênico é a única razão que manteve indicação de fonte petrogênica. Na estação seca, as concentrações médias de esteróis no sedimento do rio Barigüi são coprostanol (25,97 μg/g), coprostanona (4,67 μg/g), colesterol (9,02 μg/g), colestanol (4,15 μg/g) e colestanona (0,42 μg/g). Na estação chuvosa, as concentrações reduzem-se pela metade (colestanona não foi detectada). O rio Iguaçu apresenta resultados similares a montante de Fazenda Rio Grande. Mas, nesta localidade, as concentrações aumentam apenas na estação chuvosa para coprostanol (249,63 μg/g), coprostanona (11,6 μg/g), colesterol (81,85 μg/g) e colestanol (49,99 μg/g), o que é atribuído à lavagem do solo pela água pluvial. A influência de Araucária é marcada por altas concentrações de coprostanol (329,8 μg/g na estação seca e 229,25 μg/g na estação chuvosa). Daí até General Lúcio as maiores concentrações ocorrem no canal principal, na campanha seca (média de 246,08 μg/g); na campanha chuvosa, a média cai para 101,51 μg/g. Nos canais secundários, o comportamento é contrário, relacionado ao acúmulo de sedimentos contaminados ocorrer aí apenas na cheia. No rio Iguaçu, os valores médios de COT na estação chuvosa e na seca são semelhantes (~28 mg/g) e bem maiores do que no rio Barigüi (estação chuvosa 5,2 μg/g; seca 8,9 mg/g). As relações entre coprostanol e COT indicam que o aporte de esgoto é o principal fator de definição do teor de carbono orgânico sedimentar apenas para o canal principal do rio Iguaçu e na estação chuvosa. Nos canais secundários deste rio e no rio Barigüi, em qualquer estação, ocorre contribuição importante de outras fontes (vegetação e/ou produção primária in situ). Coprostanol e coprostanona apresentam forte correlação nas duas estações. A ausência de correlação entre coprostanol e colesterol na estação seca, nos dois rios, pode ser explicada pela degradação do colesterol e/ou por parte deste provir de fonte diferente do coprostanol. As razões [5β/(5α+5β)estanona] e [5β/(5α+5β)estanol] são superiores a 7 (altamente contaminado) em 16 pontos na estação chuvosa e em todos os 18 pontos na estação seca. / The Iguaçu and Barigui rivers in parts affected by leakage REPAR (2000), were sampled in 18 points in three campaigns (2007-2008). TPH, BTEX and PAH occurring in water with very low concentrations or not detected. There is no input of oil from the REPAR. In the sediment, were not detected BTEX, PAH concentrations are low or not detected; TPH occurs in concentrations 10 times lower than the environmental standard, but was detected in all samples. The highest concentrations occur in the Iguaçu river, downstream from the mouth of Barigui. Some PAHs present in the oil spill occur only in this stretch, suggesting origin from the river Barigüi. The reasons diagnostic of PAH in the sediment do not establish a direct connection with the leaking of REPAR, predominate source of indication by pyrolytic or mixed. However, a study of sediment from the Wetland 4 showed that many of the reasons diagnostic for PAH that indicated petrogenic source in the original oil passed indicate source pyrolytic seven years after the accident. Pyrogenic index is the only reason that kept indication of petrogenic source. In the dry season, the average concentrations of sterols in the sediment of Barigüi river are coprostanol (25.97 μg/g), coprostanona (4.67 μg/g), cholesterol (9.02 μg/g), cholestanol (4.15 μg/g) and Cholestanones (0.42 μg/g). In the rainy season, the concentrations are reduced by half (Cholestanones was not detected). The Iguaçu river shows similar results upstream of Fazenda Rio Grande. But in this location the concentrations increase only during the rainy season to coprostanol (249.63 μg/g), coprostanona (11.6 μg/g), cholesterol (81.85 μg/g) and cholestanol (49.99 μg/g), which is assigned to wash the soil by rainwater. The influence of Araucaria is marked by high concentrations of coprostanol (329.8 μg/g dry season and 229.25 μg/g in the rainy season). Thence to General Lúcio the highest concentrations occur in the main channel in the dry campaign (average of 246.08 μg/g) in the rainy campaign, the average falls to 101.51 μg/g. In the secondary channels, the behavior is opposite, related to the accumulation of contaminated sediments occur there only in full. In the Iguaçu River, the average values of TOC in the rainy and dry seasons are similar (~ 28 mg/g) and much larger than the Barigüi river (wet season 5.2 μg/g dry 8.9 mg/g). The relationships between coprostanol and TOC indicate that the sewage discharges are the main factor defining the sedimentary organic carbon content just for the main channel of the Iguaçu river and the rainy season. In secondary channels this river and in the river Barigüi, in any season, there is significant contribution from other sources (vegetation and/or primary production in situ). Coprostanol and coprostanona have strong correlation in both seasons. The lack of correlation between cholesterol and coprostanol in the dry season in the two rivers can be explained by the degradation of cholesterol and/or part of this come from different source of coprostanol. The reasons [5β / (5α +5 β) estanona] and [5β / (5α +5 β) stanol] are superior to 7 (highly polluted) on 16 points in the rainy season and all 18 points in the dry season.
86

Chladová odolnost hmyzu a sezónní změny ve složení sterolů a tokoferolů / Insect cold tolerance and seasonal changes in composition of sterols and tocopherols

URBAN, Tomáš January 2012 (has links)
Presented work focused on researching cold resistance in insects (Pyrrhocoris apterus), especially in qualitative and quantitative composition and seasonal changes in the content of tocopherols and sterols in membranes. Collection of samples, tissue extraction, separation, sample preparation and the final analysis was included. There were detected three different sterols (animal cholesterol, plant sterols: campesterol and sitosterol). Also were detected ?-tocopherol and ?-tocopherol. Volume of cholesterol was in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 mol%, for phytosterols was the range from 1.2 to 15.2 mol%, and for tocopherols was the range from 0.1 to 31.3 mol%. Seasonal fluctuations of sterols and tocopherols were evaluated with a minimum in summer and maximum in winter.
87

"Metodologia para determinação de biomarcadores geoquímicos orgânicos em sedimentos - Hidrocarbonetos Alifáticos e Aromáticos, Esteróis e Alquenonas" / "Methodology for determination of organic geochemistry biomarkers in sediment - Aliphatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, Sterols and Alkenones"

Rafael André Lourenço 18 June 2003 (has links)
O destino de grande parte da matéria orgânica presente nos oceanos é o sedimento marinho. Essa matéria orgânica, que vai sendo armazenada ao longo dos anos, produz uma reserva única de informações sobre os processos biogeoquímicos ocorridos no passado e como esses processos responderam às mudanças ambientais. Certas moléculas orgânicas são sintetizadas apenas por organismos marinhos ou somente por plantas superiores terrestres. A abundância relativa desses compostos em sedimentos marinhos pode ser usada para determinar a contribuição de matéria orgânica terrestre ou marinha que foi depositada. Outros compostos, cujas fontes naturais são raras ou inexistem, encontrados em sedimentos, refletem a influência antrópica no meio. Há ainda compostos, com origem biológica especifica, cujas estruturas são influenciadas pelo controle enzimático dos organismos que os produzem, que são influenciados pelo meio. Esses compostos, cuja presença pode fornecer evidências inequívocas da sua fonte ou informações sobre condições oceanográficas recebem o nome de marcadores biológicos e são comumentemente abreviados como biomarcadores. Esse trabalho produziu uma metodologia analítica para identificação e quantificação de biomarcadores como os hidrocarbonetos alifáticos, hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos, esteróis e alquenonas através de uma única extração lipídica. Essa metodologia foi avaliada por diversos critérios analíticos e validada através de materiais de referência e de exercícios de comparação entre laboratórios. A metodologia foi aplicada em um testemunho de sedimento marinho obtido em Cabo Frio. A quantificação das alquenonas nas amostras do testemunho permitiu estimar a variação da temperatura da superfície oceânica ao longo dos anos e correlacioná-la com variações na intensidade da ressurgência, além de permitir verificar como os demais biomarcadores variaram em função da variação da temperatura do meio onde foram sintetizados. / The fate of most organic matter in the oceans is the marine sediment. This preserved organic matter became an unique reservoir of information about the operation of biogeochemical processes in the geological past, and how these processes responded to environmental changes. Some molecules are only synthesized by sea organisms, others only by higher plants. The relative abundance among these compounds in sea sediments can be used to determine the source of the organic matter. Other organic compounds, without natural sources, are an indicative of anthropogenic influence. The marine sediment also can accumulate compounds with the specific biological sources, which structures are influenced by the enzymatic control of the precursor organisms. All of these compounds, which can provide clear evidences of its sources or information about oceanographic conditions, are called biological markers or biomarkers. The present work put out an analytic method to identify and quantify biomarkers like aliphatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, sterols and alkenones with only one lipidic extraction. This method was evaluated by several analytic criteria and validated by reference material and by interlaboratory comparison study. The method was used to analyze a marine sediment core from Cabo Frio. The alkenones quantification in this core allowed not only appreciate changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) along the years and correlate them with changes in the upwelling, but also verify how the other biomarkers responded to SST changes.
88

"Avaliação de introdução de esteróis fecais e hidrocarbonetos marcadores geoquímicos em sedimentos da Baía do Almirantado, Península Antártica" / Evaluation of fecal sterols and geochemical markers hydrocarbons in sediments from Admiralty Bay, Antartica.

César de Castro Martins 01 February 2002 (has links)
Esgoto e hidrocarbonetos provenientes de atividades humanas são as principais fontes de poluição para o meio ambiente marinho antártico. Esteróis e hidrocarbonetos como n-alcanos, policíclicos aromáticos (PAHs) e alquilbenzenos lineares (LABs) foram investigados em sedimentos superficiais coletados na Baía do Almirantado, Antártica durante o verão de 1997/1998 e 1999/2000. Estes compostos são citados como traçadores de dejetos humanos e introdução de óleos ao longo de áreas costeiras de todo o mundo. As técnicas analíticas utilizadas foram a cromatografia a gás com detector de ionização de chama (GC-FID) e espectrômetro de massa (GC-MS). Análises de esteróis indicaram que o esgoto atinge até 700 metros desde a saída de efluentes, mas somente o ponto de descarga pode ser considerado poluído. Dados de LABs concordaram com os resultados obtidos para os esteróis indicando que dejetos humanos chegam até 1 Km desde a estação brasileira e que esteróis encontrados em pontos distantes são provenientes de fontes naturais. Os níveis obtidos para n-alcanos e PAHs foram similares àqueles obtidos em outros estudos envolvendo regiões antárticas. Contribuições biogênicas e pequenas introduções antropogênicas são as fontes dos n-alcanos detectados. PAHs encontrados em pontos distantes são associados como pequena contribuição de óleos enquanto que amostras coletadas na saída de esgoto e até 50 metros apresentam PAHs de origem pirolítica ou de esgotos. Este estudo concluiu que apenas a saída de efluentes pode ser considerada ponto altamente poluído e verificou a presença de uma substancial diminuição do aporte de esgoto com o aumento da distância desde a fonte. / Sewage and oil contribution are the main sources of pollution from the scientific stations to the antarctic marine environment. Sterols and hydrocarbons such as n-alkanes, polyciclic aromatics (PAHs) and linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) were investigated on surface sediments from Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, collected during austral summer of 1997/1998 and 1999/2000 It has been previously used as a tracer from human waste and oil inputs along the coastal areas around the world. The analytical techniques used were gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) or attached with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Analyses of sterols showed that sewage moves until 700 meters since sewer outfall, but only the discharge point can be considered polluted. Data from LABs agreed with sterols results indicating that human wastes arrive until 1 Km from brazilian station and sterols found in remote areas were from natural contributions. N-alkanes and PAHs showed the same levels than previous studies from pristine areas in antarctic continent. Biogenic and little antropogenic sources are the origins from n-alkanes. PAHs found in distant points are associated with small oil contribution while samples collected in sewer outfall and until 50 meters far presented PAHs from combustion process and sewage. This study concluded that only the sewage discharge point is very polluted however there is a substantial sewage input decrease with the increase of distance from outfall.
89

Estudo de esteróis como marcadores químicos em águas destinadas ao abastecimento público na Região do Rio Paraíba do Sul, SP. Desenvolvimento e validação de metodologia analítica / Study sterols as markers chemical in water supply for the public in the Region of the Paraíba do Sul River, SP. Development and validationof analytical methodology

OLIVEIRA, CAROLINE L. de 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:34:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:07:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
90

Avaliação ambiental dos rios Barigüi E Alto Iguaçu (Paraná): a contaminação atual e a contaminação residual relacionada ao acidente da repar (2000)

Puerari, Lucas January 2011 (has links)
Os rios Iguaçu e Barigüi, nos trechos afetados pelo vazamento da REPAR (2000), foram amostrados em 18 pontos, em 3 campanhas (2007-2008). TPH, BTEX e HPA ocorrem na água com concentrações muito baixas ou nem foram detectados. Não há aporte de hidrocarbonetos proveniente da REPAR. No sedimento, não foram detectados BTEX, HPA têm concentrações baixas ou não foram detectados; TPH ocorre em concentrações 10 vezes menores que o padrão ambiental, mas foi detectado em todas as amostras. As maiores concentrações ocorrem no rio Iguaçu, a jusante da foz do Barigüi. Alguns HPA presentes no óleo derramado só ocorrem neste trecho, sugerindo origem a partir do rio Barigüi. As razões diagnósticas de HPA no sedimento não estabelecem ligação direta com o vazamento da REPAR, por predominarem indicações de fonte pirolítica ou mista. Entretanto, estudo do sedimento do Banhado 4 mostrou que muitas das razões diagnósticas de HPA que indicavam fonte petrogênica no óleo original passaram a indicar fonte pirolítica 7 anos após o acidente. O índice pirogênico é a única razão que manteve indicação de fonte petrogênica. Na estação seca, as concentrações médias de esteróis no sedimento do rio Barigüi são coprostanol (25,97 μg/g), coprostanona (4,67 μg/g), colesterol (9,02 μg/g), colestanol (4,15 μg/g) e colestanona (0,42 μg/g). Na estação chuvosa, as concentrações reduzem-se pela metade (colestanona não foi detectada). O rio Iguaçu apresenta resultados similares a montante de Fazenda Rio Grande. Mas, nesta localidade, as concentrações aumentam apenas na estação chuvosa para coprostanol (249,63 μg/g), coprostanona (11,6 μg/g), colesterol (81,85 μg/g) e colestanol (49,99 μg/g), o que é atribuído à lavagem do solo pela água pluvial. A influência de Araucária é marcada por altas concentrações de coprostanol (329,8 μg/g na estação seca e 229,25 μg/g na estação chuvosa). Daí até General Lúcio as maiores concentrações ocorrem no canal principal, na campanha seca (média de 246,08 μg/g); na campanha chuvosa, a média cai para 101,51 μg/g. Nos canais secundários, o comportamento é contrário, relacionado ao acúmulo de sedimentos contaminados ocorrer aí apenas na cheia. No rio Iguaçu, os valores médios de COT na estação chuvosa e na seca são semelhantes (~28 mg/g) e bem maiores do que no rio Barigüi (estação chuvosa 5,2 μg/g; seca 8,9 mg/g). As relações entre coprostanol e COT indicam que o aporte de esgoto é o principal fator de definição do teor de carbono orgânico sedimentar apenas para o canal principal do rio Iguaçu e na estação chuvosa. Nos canais secundários deste rio e no rio Barigüi, em qualquer estação, ocorre contribuição importante de outras fontes (vegetação e/ou produção primária in situ). Coprostanol e coprostanona apresentam forte correlação nas duas estações. A ausência de correlação entre coprostanol e colesterol na estação seca, nos dois rios, pode ser explicada pela degradação do colesterol e/ou por parte deste provir de fonte diferente do coprostanol. As razões [5β/(5α+5β)estanona] e [5β/(5α+5β)estanol] são superiores a 7 (altamente contaminado) em 16 pontos na estação chuvosa e em todos os 18 pontos na estação seca. / The Iguaçu and Barigui rivers in parts affected by leakage REPAR (2000), were sampled in 18 points in three campaigns (2007-2008). TPH, BTEX and PAH occurring in water with very low concentrations or not detected. There is no input of oil from the REPAR. In the sediment, were not detected BTEX, PAH concentrations are low or not detected; TPH occurs in concentrations 10 times lower than the environmental standard, but was detected in all samples. The highest concentrations occur in the Iguaçu river, downstream from the mouth of Barigui. Some PAHs present in the oil spill occur only in this stretch, suggesting origin from the river Barigüi. The reasons diagnostic of PAH in the sediment do not establish a direct connection with the leaking of REPAR, predominate source of indication by pyrolytic or mixed. However, a study of sediment from the Wetland 4 showed that many of the reasons diagnostic for PAH that indicated petrogenic source in the original oil passed indicate source pyrolytic seven years after the accident. Pyrogenic index is the only reason that kept indication of petrogenic source. In the dry season, the average concentrations of sterols in the sediment of Barigüi river are coprostanol (25.97 μg/g), coprostanona (4.67 μg/g), cholesterol (9.02 μg/g), cholestanol (4.15 μg/g) and Cholestanones (0.42 μg/g). In the rainy season, the concentrations are reduced by half (Cholestanones was not detected). The Iguaçu river shows similar results upstream of Fazenda Rio Grande. But in this location the concentrations increase only during the rainy season to coprostanol (249.63 μg/g), coprostanona (11.6 μg/g), cholesterol (81.85 μg/g) and cholestanol (49.99 μg/g), which is assigned to wash the soil by rainwater. The influence of Araucaria is marked by high concentrations of coprostanol (329.8 μg/g dry season and 229.25 μg/g in the rainy season). Thence to General Lúcio the highest concentrations occur in the main channel in the dry campaign (average of 246.08 μg/g) in the rainy campaign, the average falls to 101.51 μg/g. In the secondary channels, the behavior is opposite, related to the accumulation of contaminated sediments occur there only in full. In the Iguaçu River, the average values of TOC in the rainy and dry seasons are similar (~ 28 mg/g) and much larger than the Barigüi river (wet season 5.2 μg/g dry 8.9 mg/g). The relationships between coprostanol and TOC indicate that the sewage discharges are the main factor defining the sedimentary organic carbon content just for the main channel of the Iguaçu river and the rainy season. In secondary channels this river and in the river Barigüi, in any season, there is significant contribution from other sources (vegetation and/or primary production in situ). Coprostanol and coprostanona have strong correlation in both seasons. The lack of correlation between cholesterol and coprostanol in the dry season in the two rivers can be explained by the degradation of cholesterol and/or part of this come from different source of coprostanol. The reasons [5β / (5α +5 β) estanona] and [5β / (5α +5 β) stanol] are superior to 7 (highly polluted) on 16 points in the rainy season and all 18 points in the dry season.

Page generated in 0.0758 seconds