No description available.

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) can result in serious adverse events. Appropriate risk stratification of LGIB patients can improve their care. Previous risk scores to identify severe LGIB patients have limitations, therefore we developed clinical decision tool to accurately identify LGIB patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) who are at risk for 30-day adverse outcomes that would overcome these limitations. We conducted a health records review and compared two methods of regression analysis on our data in order to develop a clinical decision tool. We identified five risk factors that have a high sensitivity and good predictive value for identifying low risk LGIB patients: age ≥ 75 years, INR ≥2.0, hemoglobin ≤ 100 g/l, ongoing bleeding in the ED and a medical history of colorectal polyps. Future, large, prospective studies should be done to validate the results, after which implementation studies should be conducted.

No description available.

Multiple linear and ordinal logistic regression methods were used to develop cubic foot volume (outside bark to a pulpwood diameter top) estimation models for the central Mississippi Institute for Forest Inventory (MIFI) inventory region of Mississippi, USA based on multi-scene Landsat derived variables. These models were used to stratify the region into volume classes to estimate the statistical gains made from a stratified random sample versus a complete random sample. Ordinal logistic regression produced higher accuracy statistics for all forest cover classes except the mixed forest cover class and the method is recommended to be used to estimate cubic foot volume (outside bark to a pulpwood diameter top) for the study area. Statistical gains from ordinal logistic regression averaged 30.34% and relative precision averaged 1.53 for the study area. For each forest cover type volume model that was produced, it was found that the interaction variable between Landsat TM band 5 and the GIS age variable was statistically significant.

Yes / Consanguineous marriage is a controversial topic in many Western societies, with attention mainly focused on the health of immigrant communities from Asia and Africa. In the UK consanguinity is especially prevalent in the Pakistani community which now numbers over 1.1 million. Less attention has been paid to the influence of hereditary population stratification within Pakistani communities. In particular, biraderi (literally brotherhood) membership which denotes male lineages that largely govern marriage partner choice and hence the transmission of disease genes. The various roles played by biraderi and their relationship to other socio-occupational and kinship terms, such as caste, quom and zat, are often overlooked in health-based studies. The interchangeable use of these different kinship terms without rigorous definition can create identity uncertainty and hinders inter-study comparisons. Where feasible, standardization of terminology would be both desirable and beneficial, with biraderi the preferred default term to identify specific social and genetic relationships within the Pakistani diaspora.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.