Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-09-15T17:05:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariane Candido_.pdf: 4810323 bytes, checksum: 9539264cf0f3420fe2ab2252aad52423 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-15T17:05:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mariane Candido_.pdf: 4810323 bytes, checksum: 9539264cf0f3420fe2ab2252aad52423 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROSUP - Programa de Suporte à Pós-Gradução de Instituições de Ensino Particulares / Este trabalho buscou construir e interpretar um modelo computacional para um sistema laguna-barreira específico da Formação Rio Bonito, na Bacia do Paraná, localizado na região carbonífera Iruí Central. Este estudo também apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica da geologia dos ambientes deposicionais de interesse, especialmente os sistemas laguna-barreira, e outros conceitos relevantes para a concepção do mesmo. O principal objetivo foi compreender a formação e a evolução deste sistema, na época da sua gênese, através da simulação da evolução deste sistema, considerando as variações relativas do nível do mar. Os dados foram obtidos através de 75 testemunhos de sondagem, sendo 19 testemunhos dispostos em duas seções geológicas, paralela e perpendicularmente à paleolinha de costa, a fim de caracterizar o sistema laguna-barreira, e os demais para dimensionar o leito de carvão principal depositado atrás da barreira. Através do software de modelagem estratigráfica tridimensional DIONISOS® (Diffusive Oriented Normal and Inverse Simulation of Sedimentation), foram estabelecidos os parâmetros básicos e simuladas diversas configurações dados. As fácies descritas foram interpretadas como pântano, lagoa, barreira de areia e depósitos de influência da maré. A evolução do sistema durante o trato transgressivo mostrou a migração da barreira em direção ao continente, e durante o trato de sistema de mar alto a migração ocorreu em direção ao mar. A subida relativa do nível do mar de cerca de 16 metros permitiu uma forte correlação com os dados exibidos pelas seções estratigráficas ao longo de 2 milhões de anos. As condições ambientais pretéritas reconstruídas através do modelo, tornaram possível o estabelecimento da curva relativa do nível do mar e os prováveis locais de abastecimento de sedimentos neste ambiente, permitindo uma melhor inferência sobre as etapas de evolução deste sistema constituinte da Formação Rio Bonito. / This study aimed to construct and interpret a computational model for a particular lagoon-barrier system of the Rio Bonito Formation in Paraná Basin, located in the coalfield Iruí Central. This paper also presents a literature review of the geological depositional environments of interest, especially the lagoon barrier systems, and other relevant concepts for the conception of it. The main goal of this research was to understand the formation and evolution of this system, considering the relative sea level variations. Data were obtained from 75 logged boreholes, with 19 cores distributed along two geological sections, parallel and perpendicular to the paleoshoreline in order to characterize the lagoon-barrier system, and the other to scale the main coal bed deposited behind the barrier. Through the 3D stratigraphic modeling DIONISOS® (Diffusive Oriented Normal and Inverse Simulation of Sedimentation) software, the basic parameters have been established and various data settings simulated. The described facies were interpreted as swamp, lagoon, sandy barrier and tide-influenced deposits. The evolution of this system during the transgressive system tract showed migration of the barrier landward, and during the highstand system tract the migration occurred seaward. A relative sea level rise of about 16 m allowed a strong correlation with data exhibited by the stratigraphic sections along 2 Myr. The past environmental conditions rebuilt through the model, made possible the establishment of the relative sea level curve and the likely locations of sediment supply in this environment, allowing better inferences about the evolution steps of this existing system in the Rio Bonito Formation.

This study provides new insights on the mechanisms that controlled the development of solution-enhanced fractures and suprastratal deformation associated with the Mississippian Madison Sequence IV evaporite paleokarst complex. Based on detailed field mapping utilizing LiDAR, GPS, and field observations, we document a paleostructural high (oriented 145º) associated with the Ancestral Rockies uplift within the study area. One hundred twenty-one sediment-filled, solution-enhanced fractures within the Seq. IV cave roof were mapped and characterized by their dominant fill type (Amsden or Madison) and vertical extent. Spatial analysis reveals minimum spacing of these features occurs in areas uplifted during the Late Paleozoic suggesting a link between paleostructural position and solution feature spacing. Shape analysis of these solution features also supports structural position during the Late Paleozoic acted as a dominant control on fracture morphology: (1) downward tapering and fully penetrative features concentrate in areas that experienced uplift; (2) upward tapering concentrate in areas that were undeformed. Mapping of Seq. IV cave roof strata demonstrates vertical collapse variability exceeds 22 m and fault intensity increases in areas of increased collapse. These findings have significant implications for prediction and characterization of solution-enhanced fractures and suprastratal deformation within evaporite paleokarst systems. / text

Le Golfe du Lion et le Bassin Provençal sont l’objet de recherche intensive à toute échelle de temps et d’espace. Cependant, les budgets sédimentaires et les mouvements verticaux depuis la formation de la marge étaient restés inconnus ou sources de controverses. Ce travail se propose d’aborder leur quantification à partir de l’interprétation de nombreux profils sismiques, d’après les concepts de stratigraphie sismique et séquentielle [Vail et al., 1977], complétée par des données de forages et de sismique réfraction, et validée par des modélisations stratigraphiques avec Dionisos [Granjeon and Joseph, 1999]. L’établissement d’une continuité stratigraphique entre le domaine de plate-forme et le bassin profond offre une vision complète du remplissage sédimentaire de la marge. Les repères stratigraphiques du Plio-Pléistocène (2.6 Ma, 1.6 Ma, 0.9 Ma et 0.45 Ma) ont en effet été corrélés jusqu’au pied de pente. Les jalons messiniens, établis lors des travaux précédents [Bache, 2008] ont également été étendus et précisés localement. La mise en évidence d’une nouvelle unité, interprétée comme les résidus de l’abrasion lors de la transgression mettant fin à la célèbre crise, permet d’apporter des arguments pour l’établissement d’un nouveau scénario de l’évènement [Bache et al., 2012a](soumis). Des lois de conversion en profondeurs (métriques) des différentes unités chronostratigraphiques ont ensuite été établies en 3D à partir de l’ensemble des données de forage et de réfraction (ESP) et appliquées pour chacune de nos unités. Les profondeurs de l’ensemble des jalons plio-pléistocènes et messiniens ont ainsi pu être cartographiées, ainsi que les épaisseurs de chacune des unités définies depuis le substratum jusqu’à l’actuel (1 au Miocène, 6 au Messinien, 5 au Plio-Pléistocène). Les épaisseurs et volumes sédimentaires déposés ont alors pu être quantifiés sur chaque intervalle stratigraphique. Les séries sédimentaires ont été par la suite décompactées et les volumes "vrais" de dépôts et flux sédimentaires recalculés. / The Gulf of Lions and the Provençal basin have been studied intensively at variable timescale. However, sedimentary budgets and vertical movements of the margin remained largely unknown. This work aims to quantify them using a large grid of seismic data and their interpretations with seismic and sequential stratigraphy concepts [Vail et al., 1977], correlations with existing drillings, refraction data and validation by numerical stratigraphic modeling with Dionisos [Granjeon and Joseph, 1999].A stratigraphic continuity of reflectors from the platform to the slope and to the deep basin has been established describing the architecture of the sedimentary filling of the entire margin. Plio-pleistocene stratigraphic markers (at 2.6 My, 1.6 My, 0.9 My and 0.45 My) have been correlated down to the foot of slope. The Messinian units underlined by previous studies [Bache, 2008] were also extended and/or detailed in specific areas. A new unit is described and interpreted as the residuals of the abrasion during the transgression which ended the famous messinian crisis. This allowed us to bring some new arguments for a new scenario of the event [Bache et al., 2012a](submitted). Drillings and refraction data led to 3D time-depths conversion laws for our chronostratigraphic units. We were therefore able to produce all the Plio-Pleistocene and Messinian maps in meters as well as the thickness maps of all units defined above the substratumuntil today (1 for the Miocene, 6 for the Messinian, 5 for the Plio-Pleistocene). The thicknesses and the sedimentary volumes were then quantified for every stratigraphic intervals. After decompaction, "true" volumes of deposits as well as sedimentary fluxes were therefore recalculated.