Η εν λόγω πτυχιακή εργασία έχει σκοπό τη στρωματογραφική και παλαιοντολογική μελέτη μιάς τεχνητής τομής που εντοπίζεται σε λατομείο άμμου το οποίο βρίσκεται 1,3 χιλιόμετρα βορειοδυτικά της Βελίκας , μεταξύ Βελίκας και Νεοχωρίου στη νότιο-δυτική Μεσσηνία, η οποία παρουσίασε ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον λόγω των ξεκάθαρων μεταβολών των φάσεων που εντοπίστηκαν, είτε αυτές είναι κατακόρυφες, είτε πλευρικές και των σημαντικών και συχνών θανατοκοινωνιών οι οποίες εμφανίζονται στα στρώματα της τομής. Η λεπτομερής παλαιοντολογική - στρωματογραφική αλλά και ιζηματολογική ανάλυση βοήθησε στην εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για την παλαιογεωραφική εξέλιξη της περιοχής μελέτης αλλά και της ευρύτερης περιοχής της νοτιο-δυτικής Μεσσηνίας. / -

The current study has evaluated shoreline dynamics and environmental change at St. Catherines Island, Georgia, with attention to the two major controls of barrier island formation and modification processes. These major controls include the increase in accommodation space, or the rate of sea level rise for the Georgia Bight which has remained constant in 20th and 21st century tide gauge data and dynamically changing rates of sediment supply based on anthropogenic modifications to land cover (Trimble, 1974) that are reflected in sediment transport (McCarney-Castle et al., 2010). Vibracoring and radiocarbon data provided valuable insights into the stratigraphy and development of St. Catherines Island. A stratigraphic model has been developed for the sediments associated with the Late Holocene accretional terrains where multiple small scale fluctuations in sea level have resulted in the formation of a sedimentary veneer punctuated with transgressive surfaces and regressive sequences. A working model for an interpolated Late Holocene sea level curve has been constructed using direct evidence from vibracore data as constraining points and indirect evidence from other regional sea level studies to provide additional structure. The relationship between the timing of the regressions versus periods of beach ridge formation and implications from the current shoreline dynamics study regarding the role of sediment supply complement each other. The ages of beach ridge formation strongly correlate to periods that are associated with regressions in sea level based on the sedimentary record and an evaluation of Late Holocene sea level conditions. The evaluation of anthropogenic modifications to the rate of sediment supply performed under the current study indicates that in spite of significant changes in sediment flux rates of +300% (pre-dam era) and -20% (post-dam era), shoreline retreat was continuous during the study period with an acceleration noted in the rates of shoreline retreat associated with spit and berm landforms during the post-dam or modern era. The two associations indicate strongly that the rate of sediment supply plays a secondary role to the major control of the rate of sea level rise in the formation and modification processes at St. Catherines Island.

No description available.

No description available.

The principal objective of archaeology is to reconstruct in all possible ways the life of a community at a specific physical location throughout a specific time period. Distinctly separate layers of soil provide evidence for a specific time period. Discovered artefacts are most frequently used to date the layer. An artefact taken out of context is virtually worthless; hence the correct registration of the layer in which they were uncovered is of great importance. The most popular way to record temporal relationships between stratigraphic layers is through the use of the 2D Harris Matrix method. Without accurate 3D spatial recording of the layers, it is difficult if not impossible, to form new stratigraphic correspondences or correlations. New techniques for archaeological recording, reconstruction, visualisation and interpretation in 3D space are described in these works and as a result software has been developed. Within the developed software system, legacy stratigraphy data, reconstructed from archaeological notebooks can be integrated with contemporary photogrammetric models and theodolite point data representations to provide as comprehensive a reconstruction as possible. The new methods developed from this research have the capability to illustrate the progression of the excavation over time. This is made possible after the entry of only two or more strata. Sophisticated, yet easy-to-use tools allow the navigation of the entire site in 3D. Through the use of an animation-bar it is possible to replay through time both the excavation period and the occupation period, that is to say the various time periods in antiquity when human beings occupied these locations. The lack of complete and consistent recording of the soil layers was an issue that proved to be an obstacle for complete reconstruction during the development of these methods. A lack of worldwide archaeological consensus on the methods of stratigraphic recording inhibited development of a universal scientific tool. As a result, new recording methods are suggested to allow more scientific stratigraphic reconstruction.

Correlations between societal development and climate changes have been investigated for a long period of time. At the archaeological site of Beidha, southern Jordan, most studies have focussed on the Late Pleistocene/Holocene, however, the importance of the Beidha region may even reach further back in time. The presence of water in a generally very dry landscape would have been crucial to early modern humans en route from Africa to all other continents. Through sedimentological observations and OSL dating, this study aims to contribute to solving the puzzle of the local landscape development at Beidha during a longer time scale. It is suggested that a long period of calm floodplain conditions took place, approximately during periods of high lake levels in Lake Lisan ~70-21 ka. After that, a period of soil development has been identified between two phases of aeolian deposition. More recently, during the Holocene, phases of mass flow events may have affected the area.

No description available.

The Upper Cretaceous Medicine Hat Member (Niobrara Formation) in western Canada contains abundant reserves of biogenic natural gas. In the Medicine Hat gas field area of southeast Alberta, nineteen cored intervals were examined and classified based on primary physical and biogenic sedimentary structures. Core analysis and stratigraphic mapping determined that the Medicine Hat Member strata consist of stacked, regionally extensive, lobate geobodies that prograde to the north. Employing spot-minipermeametry, the effect of biogenic rock fabrics on the reservoir characteristics was assessed. X-ray micro-computed tomography was conducted on four samples from a reservoir interval to visualize the geometry and distribution of burrow-associated heterogeneity. The results demonstrate that planiform bioturbate textures locally enhance the storage and transmission of natural gas in Medicine Hat reservoirs.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 104 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 100-104).

Thesis (MS)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2008. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: David W. Bowen. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-102).