Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 293-302).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin, 1972. / Bound typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-141).

We use 2005 - 2010 measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument to calculate the deseasonalized anomalies of tropical mean water vapor (H2O), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrous oxide (N2O) on the 68 hPa surface. We then calculate the spatial maps of the coherence between the tropical mean tracer measurements and reanalysis temperature on the 100 hPa surface, in both the subseasonal and multiyear time windows. In the multiyear time window, the spatial pattern of the coherence, and the time lags, indicate that fluctuations in 100 hPa temperature affect 68 hPa H2O through changes in dehydration efficiency. In the subseasonal time window, the coherence between 100 hPa temperature and 68 hPa H2O is mediated through changes in upwelling driven by the dissipation of tropical Rossby waves. On subseasonal timescales, the 68 hPa anomalies in tropical mean CO are strongly coherent with the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO).

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [159]-169).

Airborne lidar measurements of Arctic polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) in January 1984 and January 1986 are reported. The locales and altitudes of the clouds coincided in both years with very cold ambient temperatures. During the 1984 experiment, PSCs were observed on three flights north of Thule, Greenland; peak backscatter occurred near 20 km (at temperatures below 193 K). A single PSC formation was seen between Iceland and Scotland during the 1986 experiment, with beak backscatter occurring near 22 km (at temperatures from 188-191 K). A sequence of observations in this same area by the SAM II satellite sensor depicts the history of cloud development and dissipation. Enhancements in aerosol backscattering in excess of a factor of 100 were measured during the 1984 experiment at latitudes near the Pole where 50-mb temperatures approached the frost point. Depolarization in the backscattered signal was estimated as 30-40%, similar to that measured in cirrus clouds. Farther south, with 50-mb temperatures several degrees warmer, backscatter enhancement factors ranged from 20-30, and little or no depolarization was observed. Results similar to the latter were found during the 1986 experiment--enhancement factors near 50 (at the 30-mb level, with temperatures 3-5 K above the frost point), and little depolarization. The contrast in observations suggested the existence of distinct cloud growth regimes delineated by temperatures, as proposed in recent articles addressing Antarctic ozone depletion. A theoretical model was developed which interposes a stage of nitric acid trihydrate deposition between the two stages of cloud formation and growth assumed in earlier models (aerosol droplet precursors and ice particles). The calculated temperature dependence of backscatter and extinction agreed well with experimentally observed values, except for small systematic errors at the 30-mb level which may be due to poor characterization of the temperature field there. A companion theoretical study of PSC formation at 70 mb in the Antarctic showed that about 80% and 30% of the nitric acid and water vapor supplies, respectively, may be sequestered in relatively large (4-μm radius) cloud particles at a temperature near 189 K. Such large particles would fall at a rate of about 2 km wk⁻¹, suggesting that PSCs may act as a sink for these stratospheric trace gases.

No description available.