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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. / Since the ROK and North Korea stand face to face in the Korean Peninsula, there has been constant concern about the risk of war. In this situation, prevention of war on the Korean Peninsula is much more important than anything else. It is feasible when the balance of conventional military forces is kept. The purposes of this thesis are to compare each side's ground forces as major military strength, to develop the ROK ground force structure planning for ground force balance of the ROK against North Korea, to identify the important factors for reinforcement of ground forces in wartime, and to present the Combat models considered for the Korean Peninsula. In addition to those it proposes the U.S. presence in Korea and the improvement of early-warning capabilities. / http://archive.org/details/balanceofroknort00kims / Major, Korean Army

Effect of surface treatments on Strength and durability of aluminum 6061-Henkel Hysol EA 9891RP (room temperature curing epoxy) bond was studied using single lap shear, flatwise tensile and wedge crack test. The interfacial strength (IFSS) and % cohesive fracture varied with composite adhesive thickness and 0.03-0.04 mm that maximized the interfacial fracture was chosen to compare surface treatments. The effect of treatments on IFSS and tensile strength increased in the following order: PAA+BR127 (RT) < UT+BR127 (120oC) < Alodine < Alodine+EC3901(RT) < Alodine+BR127 (RT) < PAA < UT < UT+BR127 (RT) < Alodine+EC3901 (90oC) < PAA+EC3901(RT) < PAA+EC3901(90oC) < PAA+BR127 (120oC) < UT+EC3901(90oC) < UT+EC3901(RT) < Alodine+BR127 (120oC). The environmental durability decreased in the following order Alodine+EC3901 (90oC) < Alodine+BR127 (120oC) < PAA+BR127 (120oC) < PAA+EC3901 (90oC) < UT < UT+EC3901 (90oC) < UT+EC3901 (RT) < PAA+EC3901 (RT). PAA and Alodine, combined with BR127 (120 oC) and EC3901 (90oC) are the optimal surface treatments / October 2016

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect that strength level had upon fatigue and recuperation under the two conditions of five- and thirty-second interval duration periods. Another purpose was to compare the results of this study to similar studies using male subjects in order to determine if women's response patterns to tests of strength were similar to those of men.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a low fusing veneering porcelain fired on Titanium grade V with different surface treatments. MATERIALS & METHODS: One hundred and twenty bars of Titanium grade V (25±1x 3±0.5x 0.5±0.05mm) were divided randomly into twelve groups: group 1 no surface treatment, group 2 Gold sputter coating, group 3 TiN sputter coating, group 4 Sandblasting Al2O3 125μm, group 5 Sandblasting Al2O3 180μm, group 6 Sandblasting Al2O3 250μm, group 7 Sandblasting Al2O3 125μm then gold sputter coating, group 8 Sandblasting Al2O3 180μm then gold sputter coating, group 9 Sandblasting Al2O3 250μm then gold sputter coating, group 10 Sandblasting Al2O3 125μm then TiN sputter coating, group 11 Sandblasting Al2O3 180μm then TiN sputter coating, group 12 Sandblasting Al2O3 250μm then TiN sputter coating. Vita Titankeramik porcelain was applied for all groups and built up manually with dimensions limited to 8x3x1mm and fired on Ti bars following the manufacturer’s instructions and ISO 9693 recommendations, and tested for bond strength by Schwickerath crack initiation test (ISO 9693) using an Instron universal testing machine (Model: 5566A). The mode of failure and bond interface were evaluated by SEM / EDS. RESULTS: The mean bond strength values of groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 were 2.31MPa (±0.2), 24.3MPa (±0.78), 46.94MPa (±1.29), 6.18MPa (±0.98), 9.46MPa (±1.08), 15.14MPa (±0.74), 24.84MPa (±1.73), 36.24MPa (±1.43), 41.49MPa (±2.13), 49.45MPa (±0.96), 69.36MPa (±0.96), 94.45MPa (±1.51), respectively. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons test was performed to determine the groups that are statistically different. All tested groups (1-12) showed statistically significant difference except groups 2, and 7, P< 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1- Surface finish significantly affects the bond strength of low fusing porcelain to Ti grade V. 2- Larger Al2O3 particle size corresponded to higher bond strengths. 3- Sandblasting in combination with Au or TiN coatings produced the highest bond strength values. 4- Groups 1, 4, 5, & 6 showed Adhesive failure at the ceramic – metal interface; for groups 3, 10, 11, & 12 were found to be Cohesive failure within the porcelain layers; and for groups 2, 7, 8, & 9 were found to be mixed Adhesive / Cohesive failure. / 2018-09-28T00:00:00Z

Objective: To compare the adhesive strength in dentin of three universal adhesive systems in vitro by means of the shear test. Materials and methods: Seventy-five bovine teeth were selected and cut. Dentin was exposed from the buccal surface of the crowns with 220 grit sandpaper, and samples were then inserted in transparent acrylic bases (15x10mm). The samples were randomly divided in 3 groups (n=25): G1-Universal adhesive system Scotchbond™ Universal (3M ESPE-USA); G2-Universal adhesive system Peak Universal Bond (Ultradent); G3-Universal adhesive system Tetric N-Bond (Ivoclar Vivadent). The adhesive procedures were carried out according to the instructions of each manufacturer and the restorative procedures were carried out with micro-cylinders (made of Tygon type tubing 0.79x1.5mm) of the composite resin Filtek™ Z350XT-A2 (3M ESPE-USA). The samples were incubated at 37ºC (+/-5ºC) for 24 hours. Adhesive strength was evaluated in a universal test machine by means of the shear test (0.5mm/ min, 500N) and the resulting fracture type was evaluated with a Dinolite digital microscope (x200). The results were analyzed by descriptive statistics (Mean±SD), and inferential statistics by a one-way ANOVA. Results: No statistically significant differences were found between the universal adhesive systems evaluated G1 (14.91±4.76), G2 (16.90±4.11) and G3 (17.34±4.04)/(p=0.114). Conclusions: The shear test resulted in similar values of immediate adhesive strength of the three universal adhesive systems used. / Revisión por pares

M.Sc. (Physiotherapy), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2008. / Paediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a significant challenge to children and caregivers in South Africa. Although the availability of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has improved, it is not yet universally accessible. Rates of transmission from mother to child thus remain high and the virus widely uncontrolled. One aspect affecting children infected with HIV is that of muscle strength. For children weakness has been inferred by way of developmental studies in young children infected with HIV. Impaired performance in activities such as standing, walking, stair-climbing and jumping have been noted. These gross motor activities require higher muscle outputs and strength against gravity. This study sought to ascertain the feasibility of a full study on muscle strength in children infected with HIV. It analysed the effect of HIV on muscle strength, height and weight of those children receiving and not receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Children were recruited from Harriet Shezi Children’s HIV Clinic at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, Gauteng Province, South Africa. The study population included a group of children receiving HAART (n=16) and a group of children not receiving HAART (n=16). A once off test of muscle strength was administered to each child using a hand-held dynamometer. A demographic questionnaire and the Household Economic and Social Status Index (HESSI) were administered to their primary caregiver. Results showed the sample population to be of low socio-economic status (average score=54%) and the children to be underweight and short for their age (p<0.001). The CD4 count of the group on HAART was significantly higher than the group not receiving HAART (p<0.05). The group not receiving HAART was significantly stronger than the HAART group (p<0.05). Length of time having received HAART and muscle strength showed no significant correlation (p=0.647). No significant correlation was shown between CD4 count and muscle strength in the group receiving HAART (p>0.1). A significant negative correlation was shown between CD4 count and muscle strength in the group not receiving HAART (p<0.05). As statistically significant normative muscle strength data for children not infected with HIV in this age group fails to exist, the study was unable to ascertain a quantitative measure of weakness in these children. Comparison of those values available, however, showed normative values to be double that of children who participated in the study. The implications of these findings are that as one observes this group of children’s CD4 count drop, so too does their muscle strength. HAART, once initiated, stems the decrease in muscle strength over a period of time but does not reverse it. Furthermore, children and caregivers who participated in this study were faced with the adversities of poor socioeconomic status, limited access to medication and ARV treatment and inadequate nutritional intake, most of which were largely beyond their immediate control. This pilot study has indicated the feasibility and importance of a full study to investigate the muscle strength of children infected with HIV. Further research is needed to establish the impact of earlier administration of HAART on muscle strength. The effect of exercise on the muscle strength of children who are infected with HIV has yet to be documented. The implication of these factors on gross motor development in children infected with HIV has yet to be investigated.