Proefschrift Rijksuniversiteit Limburg, Maastricht. / Met bibliogr., lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lunds Universitet, Malmö, 1984. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lunds Universitet, Malmö, 1984. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis--Göteborg. / Includes abstract. Includes reprints of author's articles. Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund, 1982.

Thesis--Göteborg. / Includes abstract. Includes reprints of author's articles. Extra t. p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographies.

In der Pilotstudie sollten die Auswirkungen von Mundhygiene Instruktionen während einer kieferorthopädischen Multibandtherapie auf die Besiedelung der Mundhöhle mit Streptokokken der Mutans-Gruppe und auf den Entzündungszustand der Gingiva untersucht werden. Erhoben wurde bei Studienbeginn, nach 4 und nach 8 Wochen der Gingival-Index, der Sulkus-Blutungs-Index, der Parodontale Screening-Index, der Plaque-Index und die Streptokokkus Mutans Kolonisierungsklassen im Speichel. Es wurden Patienten ab Einsetzten der Multibandapparatur (B0) und Patienten welche seit mindestens 3 Monaten eine Multibandtherapie (B3) erhielten untersucht. In der Gruppe B3 nahmen alle erhobenen Parameter 4 Wochen nach der Mundhygiene Instruktion signifikant ab. Sie stiegen anschließend wieder signifikant an. In der Gruppe B0 nahmen alle Parameter, außer dem Plaque-Index stetig zu. Die Ergebnisse der Pilotstudie zeigen wie wichtig regelmäßige Instruktionen zur Mundhygiene und erneute Motivation zur häuslichen Mundhygiene während kieferorthopädischer Multibandtherapie sind. / The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the influence of oral hygiene instructions on patients undergoing an orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances on gingival inflammation. Examined parameters were gingival index, sulcus bleeding index, periodontal screening index, plaque index and the streptococcus mutans colonization classes of saliva. Participating the pilot study were patients just starting the orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (B0) and patients undergoing an orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances for more than three months (B3). In group B3 all parameters decreased significantly four weeks after the oral hygiene instructions. In the course of time they increased again. In group B0 all parameters, except plaque index, increased steadily. The results of this pilot study show how important continuous oral hygiene instructions and repeated motivations during orthodontic treatment are.

Pneumonia is considered to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The outcome depends on both, proper antibiotic treatment and the effectivity of the immune response of the host. However, due to the complexity of the immunologic cascade initiated during infection, the latter cannot be predicted easily. We construct a biomathematical model of the murine immune response during infection with pneumococcus aiming at predicting the outcome of antibiotic treatment. The model consists of a number of non-linear ordinary differential equations describing dynamics of pneumococcal population, the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, neutrophils and macrophages fighting the infection and destruction of alveolar tissue due to pneumococcus. Equations were derived by translating known biological mechanisms and assuming certain response kinetics. Antibiotic therapy is modelled by a transient depletion of bacteria. Unknown model parameters were determined by fitting the predictions of the model to data sets derived from mice experiments of pneumococcal lung infection with and without antibiotic treatment. Time series of pneumococcal population, debris, neutrophils, activated epithelial cells, macrophages, monocytes and IL-6 serum concentrations were available for this purpose. The antibiotics Ampicillin and Moxifloxacin were considered. Parameter fittings resulted in a good agreement of model and data for all experimental scenarios. Identifiability of parameters is also estimated. The model can be used to predict the performance of alternative schedules of antibiotic treatment. We conclude that we established a biomathematical model of pneumococcal lung infection in mice allowing predictions regarding the outcome of different schedules of antibiotic treatment. We aim at translating the model to the human situation in the near future.

Pneumonia is considered to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The outcome depends on both, proper antibiotic treatment and the effectivity of the immune response of the host. However, due to the complexity of the immunologic cascade initiated during infection, the latter cannot be predicted easily. We construct a biomathematical model of the murine immune response during infection with pneumococcus aiming at predicting the outcome of antibiotic treatment. The model consists of a number of non-linear ordinary differential equations describing dynamics of pneumococcal population, the inflammatory cytokine IL-6, neutrophils and macrophages fighting the infection and destruction of alveolar tissue due to pneumococcus. Equations were derived by translating known biological mechanisms and assuming certain response kinetics. Antibiotic therapy is modelled by a transient depletion of bacteria. Unknown model parameters were determined by fitting the predictions of the model to data sets derived from mice experiments of pneumococcal lung infection with and without antibiotic treatment. Time series of pneumococcal population, debris, neutrophils, activated epithelial cells, macrophages, monocytes and IL-6 serum concentrations were available for this purpose. The antibiotics Ampicillin and Moxifloxacin were considered. Parameter fittings resulted in a good agreement of model and data for all experimental scenarios. Identifiability of parameters is also estimated. The model can be used to predict the performance of alternative schedules of antibiotic treatment. We conclude that we established a biomathematical model of pneumococcal lung infection in mice allowing predictions regarding the outcome of different schedules of antibiotic treatment. We aim at translating the model to the human situation in the near future.

In addition to occasional opportunistic colonization of the oral mucosa, Candida albicans is frequently found in carious dentin. The yeast’s potential to induce dental caries as a consequence of its pronounced ability to produce and tolerate acids was investigated. Eighty caries-active Osborne-Mendel rats were raised on an ampicillin-supplemented diet and exposed to C. albicans and/or Streptococcus mutans, except for controls. Throughout the 28-day test period, the animals were offered the modified cariogenic diet 2000a, containing 40% various sugars. Subsequently, maxillary molars were scored for plaque extent. After dissection, the mandibular molars were evaluated for smooth surface and fissure caries. Test animals exposed to C. albicans displayed considerably more advanced fissure lesions (p < 0.001) than non-exposed controls. While S. mutans yielded similar results, a combined association of C. albicans and S. mutans had no effect on occlusal caries incidence. Substituting dietary sucrose by glucose did not modify caries induction by C. albicans. However, animals fed a diet containing 20% of both sugars showed no differences to non-infected controls. Smooth surface caries was not generated by the yeast. This study provides experimental evidence that C. albicans is capable of causing occlusal caries in rats at a high rate. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.