Submitted by Raphael Castro da Costa Ferreira (raphaelccf@hotmail.com) on 2018-02-24T21:25:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Raphael Ferreira-Final.pdf: 6026688 bytes, checksum: fd6ee6ea57052eb1f13986b8f2b1c24b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2018-02-27T18:54:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Raphael Ferreira-Final.pdf: 6026688 bytes, checksum: fd6ee6ea57052eb1f13986b8f2b1c24b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-27T20:38:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Raphael Ferreira-Final.pdf: 6026688 bytes, checksum: fd6ee6ea57052eb1f13986b8f2b1c24b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-05 / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento dos setores da economia brasileira, por meio do nível de atividade e do nível de emprego, observando a inter-relação entre eles, a propagação de choques e seus impactos no crescimento. Choques podem advir de variáveis exógenas ao sistema nacional ou dos próprios setores (spillovers). As respostas a esses choques podem ocorrer de forma heterogênea entre os subsetores, assim como a própria dissipação desses choques. Essa dinâmica depende do grau de interligação entre os setores, bem como a relação desses com o resto do mundo. Para tanto, será usada a metodologia de Vetor Autorregressivo Global (Global Vector Autoregressive - GVAR), com dados trimestrais de 1998 a 2016. Por meio de análises dos coeficientes, de resposta ao impulso e de projeções condicionadas, chega-se a resultados que demostram a dinâmica de interligação entre os subsetores, bem como os impactos que eles têm no crescimento da economia brasileira. Subsetores mais representativos tendem a ter maior impacto, tanto no nível de atividade como no nível de emprego. Contudo, alguns subsetores que não são tão representativos também registraram impactos significativos nessas variáveis. / The objective of this paper is to analyze the behavior of the Brazilian economy sectors, through the level of activity and employment level, observing the interrelationship among them, the propagation of shocks and their impacts on growth. Shocks can arise from variables exogenous to the national system or from the sectors themselves (spillovers). The responses to these shocks can occur in a heterogeneous way among the subsectors, as well as the dissipation itself of these shocks. This dynamic depends on the degree of interconnection between sectors, as well as their relationship with the rest of the world. To do so, the Global Vector Autoregressive (GVAR) methodology will be used, with quarterly data from 1998 to 2016. Through analysis of coefficients, impulse response and conditional projections, we arrive at results that demonstrate the interconnection dynamics between the subsectors, as well as the impacts they have on the growth of the Brazilian economy. Most representative sub-sectors tend to have a greater impact, both in the level of activity and in the level of employment. However, some sub-sectors that are not as representative also have significant impacts on these variables.

There are different views on the nature and content of strategies that ensure positive performance in the economic crisis environment. This has created the need for studies focusing on the relationship between strategies and performance in different economic crises. Manufacturing firms in Zimbabwe have experienced declining performance since 1996. It is against this background that this study examined the dimension of strategic orientations (as measures of strategies) exercised by firms to determine their relationship with performance during the economic crisis. Data on the various dimensions of strategic orientation was collected through questionnaires, while data on performance were collected through questionnaires and financial statements. The study sample was obtained through a stratified sampling technique which falls within the sphere of probability sampling methods. The multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between the six dimensions of strategic orientation and performance. The analysis dimension of strategic orientation was dominantly exercised by many firms. The analysis dimension of strategic orientation was also the most effective because it had a positive relationship with performance (positive profitability and growth). This makes the analysis dimension of strategic orientation relevant in economic crisis. The study showed that the pro-activeness dimension of strategic orientation focused by very few firms had a positive relationship with performance (positive profitability and growth) and hence making it relevant in economic crisis. Moreover, it was established that the relationship between aggressiveness and riskiness dimensions of strategic orientation was negative and hence less relevant in economic crisis. It is therefore recommended that, for manufacturing firms in Zimbabwe to survive, improve performance and ensure sustainability in the current economic crisis environment, they need to focus dominantly on the analysis and pro-activeness dimensions of strategic orientation. This requires firms to invest more in research and development, develop strategic partnerships with other firms, strong networks, innovative and creative capabilities. In addition, firms must avoid fighting competitors and taking risky decisions. This study considered firms that are currently operational and it is recommended that future studies consider firms that closed during the economic crisis to acquire a deeper understanding of the effective strategies in economic crisis. / Business Management / D.B.L.