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The hypothesis that self-handicapping is used differentially by men and women was examined in a naturalistic setting. It was expected that the importance of an exam would be a better predictor of self-handicapping for men, whereas stress was predicted to be a better indicator of self-handicapping for women. College students were assessed the class period prior to a mid-term exam. Participants completed a packet of questionnaires that assessed level of stress, self-handicapping tendencies, anticipated handicaps, perceived importance of the exam, the consequences of their performance (i.e. success or failure), and expected performance. The results did not support the hypotheses. However, there is some evidence that the process of self-handicapping is different for men and women. Discussion focuses on explanations for the lack of hypothesized gender interactions, the self-protective utility of self-handicapping and construct validity of the Self-Handicapping Scale (SHS). / Department of Psychological Science

The present study attempted to replicate a previously documented typology of perfectionism in a sample of college students (N=216). Furthermore, this study sought to determine whether a set of predictor variables comprised of selected subscales from the Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS) and the College Adjustment Scales (CAS) could be used to reliably predict groups of perfectionists. Students' scores from the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) were entered into a two-step cluster analysis, which revealed four clusters: Mixed-Maladaptive (N=62), Pervasive (N=43), Mixed-Adaptive (N=53), and Non-Perfectionists (N=32). A standard discriminant analysis was then calculated, with measures of achievement goal orientation and psychological symptomatology serving as the independent variables, and perfectionism cluster group serving as the dependent variable. This analysis yielded two statistically significant discriminant functions. The first function, labeled Maladaptive Parental Influences, was comprised of two subscales which were related to students' perceptions of their relations with their parents. Pervasive perfectionists showed the highest mean value on the first function, while Non-Perfectionists were lowest. The second function, Intrapersonal Adaptive Outcomes, consisted of a total of seven subscales, four of which measured problem areas for the student, and showed a positive correlation with the overall function value. The other three subscales assessed traditionally adaptive-oriented concepts. Moreover, higher scores on these adaptive-oriented subscales showed a negative correlation with the overall function value, suggesting a lower function value reflected a healthier profile for the individual. As such, Mixed-Adaptive perfectionists showed the lowest mean value on the second function, while Mixed-Maladaptive perfectionists had the highest value. Of particular note, the Performance-Avoid subscale from the PALS was not found to significantly discriminate among the four perfectionism clusters, a surprising result given the conceptual similarities that the two constructs share with one another. However, an interesting new avenue in the study of the development of perfectionism is offered in the current study, whereby students' perceptions of their parents' achievement goals for them were empirically linked to their own manifestations of perfectionism, which had not been previously documented in the literature to the researcher's knowledge. / Department of Educational Psychology

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impostor phenomenon (IP), an internal feeling of intellectual phoniness that was originally discovered in a group of highly successful women (Clance & Imes, 1979), by administering Harvey's IP Scale, Ratter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale (LOC) and a demographic questionnaire to 126 college students (73 women and 53 men). The goal of this study was to examine the relationships between the impostor phenomenon locus of control, gender, level of education, generation status, age and race. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between the impostor phenomenon and locus of control. No other constructs were found to be significantly related to the impostor phenomenon. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

Thesis (MPhil)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Limited research in South Africa has been conducted on factors contributing to doctoral success, particularly on how doctoral candidates and graduates experience their studies and the transformation of candidates that can be associated with doctoral studies. This lack of information pertains to the successful completion of a doctoral study within a minimum period of time. It is difficult to predict who will eventually successfully complete their doctoral studies if the prediction is merely based on the results of previous qualifications. Such previous achievements are often insufficient and inadequate to ensure the successful completion of a doctoral study. Knowledge institutions such as universities seem not to pay adequate attention to the transformation of the person of the doctoral candidate and his or her becoming an independent researcher. Often, a narrow concept of the intellect of doctoral candidates is over-emphasised. Knowing, although limited, is transformative as it can often change who candidates are (or become) as graduates. Such transformation and the idea of a doctoral identity has rarely been the focus in doctoral education, as epistemological gain is regarded as being more important. The aim of this study was to establish a basic understanding of doctoral success at Stellenbosch University, mainly directed at exploring the challenges faced by doctoral candidates and thereby possibly contributing to the future support of doctoral candidates at the institution. By using an interpretive reseach paradigm and narrative analysis, a number of characteristics were identified as being useful by contributing to a clearer theoretical and conceptual understanding of doctoral success at Stellenbosch University. In the study a number of factors that facilitated doctoral success were also identified, and factors contributing to such success as indicated by participants themselves were defined. A conceptual framework of understanding that may underscore and justify strategies and actions promoting doctoral success are suggested in the study. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar bestaan tans beperkte navorsing in Suid-Afrika oor faktore wat tot die sukses van doktorale studies bydra, veral ten opsigte van hoe doktorale kandidate en gegradueerdes hulle studies ervaar en die transformasie van kandidate wat deur doktorale studies meegebring word. Hierdie gebrek aan inligting het ʼn impak op die suksesvolle voltooiing al dan nie van ʼn doktorale studie binne ʼn minimum tydperk. Dit is moeilik om te voorspel wie uiteindelik hulle doktorale studies suksesvol sal voltooi as die voorspelling bloot op die resultate van vorige kwalifikasies gegrond is. Sodanige vorige prestasies is dikwels onvoldoende en ontoereikend om te verseker dat ʼn doktorale studie suksesvol voltooi sal word. Kennisinstellings soos universiteite gee skynbaar nie voldoende aandag aan die transformasie van die doktorale kandidaat as persoon of aan die proses waardeur hy of sy gaan om ʼn onafhanklike navorser te word nie. Dikwels word ʼn eng konsep van die intelligensie van doktorale kandidate oorbeklemtoon. Kennis, selfs al is dit beperk, is transformerend van aard omdat dit dikwels kan verander wie die kandidate as gegradueerdes is (of word). Sodanige transformasie en die konsep van ʼn doktorale identiteit was nog selde die fokuspunt in doktorale studie omdat epistemologiese voordele as belangriker beskou word. Die doel van hierdie studie, wat hoofsaaklik gerig was op ʼn ondersoek van die uitdagings wat doktorale kandidate moet aanspreek, was om ʼn basiese begrip van doktorale sukses aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch te vestig. Dit was dus ʼn poging om by te dra tot die toekomstige ondersteuning van doktorale kandidate aan hierdie instelling. Deur ʼn interpretatiewe navorsingsparadigma en narratiewe ontleding te gebruik, is ʼn aantal waardevolle eienskappe geïdentifiseer wat tot ʼn duideliker teoretiese en konsepsuele begrip van doktorale sukses aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch kan bydra. In die studie is ʼn aantal faktore geïdentifiseer wat doktorale sukses vergemaklik, terwyl ʼn oorsig ook gegee word van faktore wat volgens die deelnemers aan die studie tot sukses sal bydra. Hierdie studie stel ʼn konsepsuele begripsraamwerk voor wat strategieë en optrede wat doktorale sukses sal verhoog, ondersteun en regverdig.

The aim of this research is to develop a conceptual model consisting of factors which were associated with managerial success in a changing environment and to investigate its predictive validity. This "Successful Manager Profile" contains three domains, each consisting of a number of factors. An assessment battery was devised to measure the three domains - cognitive abilities, personality variables and personal competencies - of the "Successful Manager Profile." A sample of 287 employees was assessed during 1991 and 1992 using assessment centre technology, psychometric tests and questionnaires. Five years later (in 1996 and 1997), criterion data, which consisted of the final organisational level attained, were collected. The research question - whether the variables contained in the "Successful Manager Profile" - was investigated using Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis. The coefficient of multiple determination reported ranged from R2+0.21 for the total sample to R2=0.60 for the male graduate group. / Industrial Psychology / M. Comm. (Industrial Psychology)

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines the different components of Emotional Intelligence (EQ) based on the classification of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory evaluation and the importance of Emotional intelligence in the working environment. It also suggests ways of improving one's EO by different exercises. The five main categories are Intrapersonal qualities, Interpersonal Skills, Adaptability, Stress Management and General Mood. The first component consists of Emotional Self-awareness, Assertiveness, Independence, Selfesteem and Self-actualisation; the second component consists of Empathy, Social Responsibility and Interpersonal Relationships; the third component consists of Problem-solving, Reality-testing and Flexibility; the fourth component consists of Stress Tolerance and Impulse Control and the final component consists of Happiness and Optimism. The above-mentioned components of EO are seen as the building blocks of reaching success in life by many people around the world. Many research shows that emotional intelligence is the new yardstick used to evaluate people's potential. People need to know themselves, their inner fears, strenqths, weaknesses and understand why they have these different feelings. Then only can they begin to really understand others and interact in a meaningful relationship, whether social, business or personal. How one feels have a direct impact on how one performs. The good news is that EQ can be learned and improved by anyone who is willing to learn. Some research suggests that it is or can be more powerful than the Intelligence Quotient (IQ). This study can be seen as a guideline to improve one's EQ and helping to understand the relationships with others and how to be successful. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwit van die studie is om die verskillende komponente van Emosionele Intelligensie (EI), of Emosionele Kwosiënt (EK), te ondersoek wat op die Bar-On Emosionele Intelligensie Vraelys gebaseer is, as ook die belang van EI in die werkomgewing. Daar word ook verwys na verskillende oefeninge om EI te ontwikkel. Die vyf hoofafdelings is: Intrapersoonlike vaardighede, Interpersoonlike vaardighede, Aanpasbaarheid, Streshantering en Algemene gemoedstoestand. Intrapersoonlike vaardighede word verder verdeel in Emosionele selfbewustheid, Selfhandhawing, Onafhanklikheid, Selfbeeld en Selfverwesenliking. Interpersoonlike vaardighede bestaan uit Empatie, Sosiale verantwoordelikheid en Interpersoonlike verhoudings. Aanpasbaarheid bestaan uit Probleemoplossing, Werklikheidstoetsing en Aanpasbaarheid. Streshantering word verdeel in Strestoleransie en Impulsbeheer. Die laaste afdeling, Algemene gemoedstoestand, bestaan uit Geluk en Optimisme. Die bogenoemde komponente van EI word algemeen gesien as die boustene vir 'n suksesvolle toekoms. Baie navorsing het getoon dat EI die nuwe maatstaf is om die mens se vermoëns te meet. Elke persoon moet bewus wees van sy eie vrese, sterk en swakpunte en verstaan waarom daardie emosies ervaar word, en slegs dan kan betekenisvolle sosiale, persoonlike of werkverhoudings suksesvol ontwikkel word. 'n Persoon se emosies het 'n direkte impak op sy prestasievermoë. Die goeie nuus is dat EI aangeleer en verbeter kan word. Sekere navorsing dui daarop dat EI belangriker is as die Intellektuele Kwosiënt (IK). Hierdie studie kan gesien word as 'n riglyn om EI te bevorder, om insig te gee in die verhoudings met ander persone, en hoe om beter te presteer.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1986 T35 / Master of Science / Kinesiology

The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that a cognitivebehavioral based psycho-educational group counseling program would increase at-risk female adolescent emotional intelligence (EI). The EI research reviewed and discussed entailed a competency building program composed of affirmations, meditation guided imagery, individual therapy sessions, group therapy, psychodrama, journaling, and parent handouts. The study was based upon theories related to the development of EI in at-risk youth, and the outcome research related to the effectiveness of emotional interventions for enhancing positive social-emotional development of at-risk adolescents. ...T his study investigated whether a group therapy process that encompasses programmatic components fostering self-regulation, self-awareness, empathy, and positive social skills, could effectively increase the EI and social adjustment of a target group of at-risk female adolescents. / by Monica Nicoll. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2013. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

The aim of this research is to develop a conceptual model consisting of factors which were associated with managerial success in a changing environment and to investigate its predictive validity. This "Successful Manager Profile" contains three domains, each consisting of a number of factors. An assessment battery was devised to measure the three domains - cognitive abilities, personality variables and personal competencies - of the "Successful Manager Profile." A sample of 287 employees was assessed during 1991 and 1992 using assessment centre technology, psychometric tests and questionnaires. Five years later (in 1996 and 1997), criterion data, which consisted of the final organisational level attained, were collected. The research question - whether the variables contained in the "Successful Manager Profile" - was investigated using Stepwise Multiple Regression analysis. The coefficient of multiple determination reported ranged from R2+0.21 for the total sample to R2=0.60 for the male graduate group. / Industrial Psychology / M. Comm. (Industrial Psychology)