Thesis (M.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1804. / Caption title: On the causes of sudden death, and the means of preventing it. Microform version available in the Readex Early American Imprints series.

Fysisk aktivitet och beteendeaktivering har i tidigare forskning påvisats vara effektiv i behandling av depressionstillstånd. Syftet med ACTUA-studien var att utvärdera ett internetbaserat självhjälpsprogram med terapeutstöd via e-post. Totalt deltog 71 individer med egentlig depression som randomiserades till fyra olika behandlingsgrupper, två som ägnade sig åt fysisk aktivitet (FA), två som ägnade sig åt beteendeaktivering (BA) samt en väntelista. Behandlingsprogrammet bestod av åtta moduler som tilldelades deltagaren under en 12 veckor lång behandlingsperiod. Sudden gains, vilket är en företeelse som allmänt anses påverka det slutgiltiga behandlingsresultatet för en individ positivt, kunde påvisas i 47 (66%) deltagares behandlingsprocess. Något samband mellan förekomst av sudden gains och total förbättring under behandlingen kunde inte påvisas i denna studie och det fanns heller inget samband mellan förekomst av sudden gains och typ av behandling. / Physical activity and behavioral activation has been shown in previous research to be effective in the treatment of depressive disorders. The purpose of ACTUA was to evaluate an Internet-based self-help program with therapist support via e-mail. A total of 71 individuals with major depressive disorder were randomized into four treatment groups, two of which contained physical activity (FA), two others comprised of behavioral activation (BA) and one waiting list. The treatment program consisted of eight modules and they were distributed to participants during a 12 week treatment period. Sudden gains, which is a phenomenon that is generally considered to influence the final outcome of treatment for an individual in a positive way was detected in 47 (66%) participants treatment process. A correlation between the occurrence of sudden gains and overall improvement during treatment could not be demonstrated in this study and there was no association between the occurrence of sudden gains and type of treatment.

The objectives of this study were: (1) to develop an educational unit on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS); (2) to develop a handout booklet on SIDS from the content material of the educational unit; and (3) to identify a knowledge and attitude change, if any, after the SIDS educational unit was presented.A questionnaire concerning SIDS was developed and mailed to a 12-member expert committee. The committee was represented by the following professions and individuals: five physicians, two registered nurses, three parents, and two public health officials.The questionnaire contained two sections:(a) content statements; and (b) attitude statements. The committee members were asked to react to each of the 32 content and 25 attitude statements by classifying each statement into one of the three categories: essential, desirable, or non-essential. The statements reaching consensus (50 percent of the returned questionnaires) among the committee members as essential were utilized as the basis for the educational unit and evaluation instruments used in this study.The educational unit, along with the achievement and attitude instruments, was presented to the following five groups: (a) a squad of police investigators; (b) a class of emergency medical technicians; (c) a class of licensed practical nurses; (d) a group or parents; and (e) a class of community health students. The students were used as the pilot study group for the educational unit and evaluation instruments. The four remaining groups supplied the data analyzed in this study. A pre-post test design was utilized at each presentation to measure knowledge and attitude changes among the participants. Multiple choice and true-false questions were developed for the achievement test, while a four position attitude scale was utilized for the attitude test.The participants' lack of knowledge concerning SIDS, prior to the presentation of the educational unit, was indicated by the low scores on the pre-achievement test. The post-achievement test indicated all four groups retained better than 85 percent of the presented material. The participants' attitudes revealed a marked improvement from the pre- to post-test. Attitudes between Agree-Strongly Agree were constant on the post-test, in comparison to attitudes of Disagree-Strongly Disagree on the pre-test. An analysis of the evaluation sheets, given to the participants at the end of the SIDS presentation, indicated there were no negative comments regarding the content material, length, or presentation of the SIDS educational unit.This study recommended an educational unit involving SIDS should be implemented in the instructional training of all health professionals who may have contact with SIDS.

Thesis (doctoral)--Københavns universitet.

No description available.

INTRODUCTION: In the years that followed the 1994 Back to Sleep Campaign (BSC), a public health initiative designed to prevent Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), the prevalence of SIDS decreased by nearly 50%. However, recent research questions the decline in SIDS with an appreciation of contemporaneous factors which may have contributed to it. There is a growing recognition that other, often indiscernible causes of Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths (SUID) have increased prevalence rates. Several researchers have addressed the possibility of the effects of a diagnostic drift. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of certain contemporaneous factors on the decline in the prevalence of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. METHODS: We examined a historically significant time period surrounding the implementation of the BSC, 1984-2009. It is a time-period that incorporates mortality statistics prior to the BSC, as well as immediately following. We utilized 1984-2009 mortality data obtained from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and evaluated the following prevalence rates: SIDS, unknown and unspecified causes, Accidental Strangulation and Suffocation in Bed (ASSB), and Neglect. We then amalgamated unknown and unspecified causes, ASSB and Neglect into a single representation of non-SIDS SUID. We then proceeded to perform an analysis on these prevalence rates to determine linear trends. RESULTS: All-cause mortality rate decreased linearly by about .929 per 100,000 per year (p<.0001, β=-.929). SIDS mortality rates also experienced a significant decline of about .951 per 100,000 deaths per year (p<.0001, β=-.951). In contrast, the SUID cohort prevalence increased significantly with a rate of .930 per 100,000 per year (p<.0001, β=.930). DISCUSSION: Over our study period, SIDS declined significantly, but by 2001 it experienced a stagnant decline that was different than that from 1984-2000. From 2001 to 2009, our SUID cohort increased dramatically. It is our conclusion that the potential exists for a possible diagnostic drift from SIDS to these other SUID.

No description available.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.Med.Sc.)-- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Medicine, 1998? / Includes bibliographical references (29 leaves).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [140]-151).