Dois experimentos foram realizados para avaliar o desempenho de ovelhas Santa Inês e mestiças F1 com machos de raças de corte e de suas crias obtidas do cruzamento com carneiros da raça Dorper. No experimento 1, setenta e cinco borregas ( 15 da raça Santa Inês (SI), 15 ½Dorper + ½SI, 15 ½Ile de France + ½SI, 15 ½Suffolk + ½SI e 15 ½Texel + ½SI foram acasaladas com carneiros da raça Dorper e avaliadas quanto ao seu desempenho na parição e lactação. Foram avaliados o número de crias nascidas/fêmea parida, peso de nascimento, % de desmama, consumo de MS das ovelhas, produção e composição do leite, escore de condição corporal, concentração de ácidos graxos não-esterificados e desempenho das crias. A produção de leite foi estimada semanalmente, da segunda à oitava semana de lactação. Os cordeiros foram separados das mães as quais receberam, via endovenosa, 10 UI de oxitocina para permitir a ejeção do leite que foi removido por ordenha mecânica. Após 3h, o procedimento de ordenha foi repetido e a produção de leite foi registrada e uma amostra coletada para posterior determinação da composição. Ovelhas SI apresentaram maior (P<0,05) CMS relativo ao peso corporal do que ovelhas ½DO, ½IF e ½SK. Ovelhas ½DO produziram mais gordura, sólidos totais (ST) e leite corrigido para gordura (LCG) que ovelhas ½IF. Os teores de gordura e de ST no leite das ovelhas ½DO foram maiores (P<0,05) do que no das ½TX. Ovelhas ½TX desmamaram mais kg de cordeiros do que as SI (27,2 kg vs. 17,3 kg). Cordeiros ¼TX apresentaram GMD maior (P<0,05) que os ¾DO (283 g vs. 229 g). No experimento 2, foram avaliados o desempenho e a carcaça de cordeiros mestiços ½DO + ½SI (½SI), ¾DO + ¼SI (¾DO), ½DO + ¼IF + ¼SI (¼IF), ½DO + ¼SK + ¼SI (¼SK) e ½DO + ¼TX + ¼SI (¼TX) confinados sendo alimentados com ração contendo 90% de concentrado e 10% de feno. Os cordeiros mestiços entraram no confinamento com idade inicial média de 75 dias. Não houve diferença entre as médias de idade ao abate, peso no início do confinamento, peso no abate, consumo de matéria seca, ganho de peso médio diário, eficiência alimentar, peso de carcaça quente, peso de carcaça fria, rendimento de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça fria, área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea, alturas torácicas interna e externa, perímetro e comprimento de pernil, espessura de parede corporal, pesos e rendimentos dos cortes cárneos comerciais. Cordeiros do genótipo ¾DO apresentam maior perda por resfriamento de carcaça que os do genótipo ½SI. Cordeiros do genótipo ¼SK apresentam maior comprimento de carcaça que os cordeiros mestiços ¼TX. / Two experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of Santa Inês and F1 crossbred ewes and their lambs obtained by mating the ewes to Dorper rams. In Experiment 1- Seventy-five ewe lambs (15 Santa Inês (SI), 15 ½Dorper+½SI, 15 ½Ile de France+½SI, 15 ½Suffolk+½SI e 15 ½Texel+½SI) were mated to Dorper rams and evaluated during lambing and lactation. Number of lambs born/ewe, birth weight, weaning %, ewess DMI, milk yield, milk composition, body condition score, non- esterified fatty acids and lamb performance were evaluated. Milk production was measured every 7 d, from the second to the eighth week of lactation. Ewes were separated from lambs, oxytocin (10 IU) was infused, i.v., to stimulate milk letdown, and ewes were mechanically milked. After 3 h, the procedure was repeated and milk production was recorded and a sample collected for milk composition analysis. SI ewes showed higher (P<0.05) DMI as % of BW when compared to ½DO, ½IF and ½SK. A higher milk fat, total solids and fat corrected milk was observed for ½DO than ½IF. ½TX ewes produced more kg of weaned lambs than SI (27.2 kg vs. 17.3 kg). ADG for ¼TX lambs was higher (P<0.05) than ¾DO (283 g vs.229 g). In Experiment 2 Forty-eight lambs were used to evaluate the performance and carcass traits. Crossbred lambs were: ½DO + ½SI (½SI), ¾DO + ¼SI (¾DO), ½DO + ¼IF + ¼SI (¼IF), ½DO + ¼SK + ¼SI (¼SK) e ½DO + ¼TX + ¼SI (¼TX) feedloted and fed diets containing 90% concentrate and 10% hay. Lambs were housed individually and the slaughter target weight was 37 kg. Lambs were 75 days old at begining of the feedlot. There was no difference (P>0.05) on slaughter weight and age, starting weight at feedlot, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), hot carcass weight, chilled carcass weight, dressing percentage, Longissimus muscle area, back fat, carcass measures and retail cuts yield. Lambs ¾DO had greater chilling losses when compared to ½SI. Lambs ¼SK showed greater carcass lenght when compared to ¼TX. Crossbred lambs evaluated showed similar performance (ADG, DMI, FE) and carcass characteristics except for carcass lenght. Crossbreeding meat type sheep is an interesting strategy to obtain lambs with desirable performance and carcass quality.

Sheep breeding is nowadays a developing branch of agriculture again. There is a lot of different breed and they react distinctly on the same conditions of the enviroment. Sheep of breeds charollais, suffolk, šumavská ovce and valaška bred in similar conditions were observed in spring and autumn of years 2007 and 2008. In these seasons were taking blood samples (from {$\pm$}7{--}24) ewes and lambs and were analyzed in hematology laboratory. There were determined haemoglobin level, haematocrit indicator, erytrocytes and leucocytes levels, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides levels, urea and plasmatic proteins, activity of ALP and GMT enzymes, phosphor, calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper levels. The main objective of this project was determine seasonal changes in observed parametres. Next objectives were determine different changes in blood parametres in different breeds and different aimes of breeds. There were recognized that all the observed breeds don`t react the same way on similar conditions. There were not provably determined seasonal changes in observed parametres, but average Hb level was higher in autumn than in spring. Urea level was conversely higher in spring season than in autumn. The demostrable fact is, that the similar conditions induce different answers not only in different breeds but also in different aimes of breeds.

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