This research considers a single-item two-echelon supply chain facing a sequence of stochastic bulky customer demand with random order inter-arrival time and random demand size. The demand process is a general renewal process and the cost functions for both parties involve the renewal function and its integral. The complexity of the general renewal function causes the computational intractability in deciding the optimal order quantities, so approximations for the renewal function and its integral are introduced to address the computational complexity. Asymptotic expansions are commonly used in the literature to approximate the renewal function and its integral when the optimal decisions are relatively large compared to the mean of the inter-renewal time. However, the optimal policies do not necessarily fall in the asymptotic region. So the use of asymptotic expansions to approximate the renewal function and its integral in the cost functions may cause significant errors in decision making. To overcome the inaccuracy of the asymptotic approximation, this research proposes a modified approximation. The proposed approximation provides closed form functions for the renewal function and its integral which could be applied to various optimization problems such as inventory planning, supply chain management, reliability and maintenance. The proposed approximations are tested with commonly used distributions and applied to an application in the literature, yielding good performance. By applying the proposed approximation method to the supply chain cost functions, this research obtains the optimal policies for the decentralized and the centralized cases. The numerical results provide insights into the cost savings realized by the centralization of the supply chain compared to the decentralized case. Furthermore, this research investigates coordination schemes for the decentralized case to improve the utilities of parties. A cost sharing mechanism in which the vendor offers the retailer a contract as a compensation of implementing vendordesired inventory policy is investigated. The sharing could be realized by bearing part of the retailer’s inventory holding cost or fixed cost. The contract is designed to minimize the vendors cost while satisfying the individual rationality of the retailer. Other forms of coordination mechanisms, such as the side payment and delayed payment, are also discussed.

Transportation is important in making supply chain decisions. With the careful consideration of transportation expenses, the performance of each supply chain member, as well as the entire supply chain, could be improved significantly. The purpose of this research is: 1) to explore and identify the various situations that relate to replenishment and transportation activities; and 2) to reveal the strength of the connection between purchase quantity and transportation discounts, and integrate the two discounts to enhance supply-chain coordination. The problem is analyzed and categorized into four representative cases, depending on transportation. To aid the supplier or the carrier to determine the discount that should be offered, in light of the buyer's reaction to that discount, decision models are proposed under three different circumstances. First, assuming a single product, we investigate the quantity discounts from the supplier's perspective, via a noncooperative game-theoretical approach and also a joint decision model. Taking into account the price elasticity of demand, this analysis aids a sole supplier in establishing an all-unit quantity discount policy in light of the buyer's best reaction. The Stackelberg equilibrium and the Pareto-optimal solution set are derived for the noncooperative and joint-decision cases, respectively. Our research indicates that channel efficiency can be improved significantly if the quantity discount decision is made jointly rather than noncooperatively. Moreover, we extend our model in several directions: (a) the product is transported by a private fleet; (b) the buyer may choose to offer her customers a different percentage discount than that she obtained from the supplier; and (c) the case of multiple (heterogeneous) buyers. Numerical examples are employed, here and throughout the thesis, to illustrate the practical applications of the models presented and the sensitivity to model parameters. Secondly, we consider a situation with a family of SKUs for which the supplier will offer a quantity discount, according to the aggregate purchases of the product group. Management of those items is based on the modified periodic policy. From the supplier's point of view, what are the optimal parameters (breakpoint and discount percentage)? For deterministic demand, we discuss the cases in which demand is both constant and price-sensitive. First as a noncooperative Stackelberg game, and then when the two parties make the discount and replenishment decisions jointly, we illustrate the impact of price-sensitivity and joint decision making on the supplier's discount policy. The third approach studies the case in which transportation of the goods by a common carrier (a public, for-hire trucking company) is integrated in the quantity discount decisions. In reality, it is quite difficult for the carrier to determine the proper transportation discount, especially in the case of LTL (less-than-truckload) trucking. This is not only because of the "phantom freight" phenomenon, caused by possible over-declaration of the weight by the shipper, but also due to the fact that the discount relates to both transportation and inventory issues. In this research, we study the problem of coordinating the transportation and quantity discount decisions from the perspectives of the parties who offer the discounts, rather than the ones that take them. By comparison of the noncooperative and cooperative models, we show that cooperation provides better overall results, not only to each party, but also to the entire supply chain. To divide the extra payoffs gained from that cooperation, we further conduct a coalition analysis, based upon the concept of "Shapley Value." A detailed algorithm and numerical examples are provided to illustrate the solution procedure. Finally, the thesis concludes with comprehensive remarks. We summarize the contributions of this thesis, show the overall results obtained here, and present the directions that our research may take in the future.

This dissertation analyzes the economic incentives involved in three distinct supply chain and revenue management decision environments. The first study examines the adoption of the percent deviation contract in a supply chain to induce the buyer to share some of the demand risk in an environment in which the buyer would typically place her order when she has full knowledge of the customer demand levels. The subgame-perfect Nash Equilibrium decisions are characterized, and the percent deviation is shown to achieve full supply chain channel coordination in cases where a simpler contract cannot. Pareto-improving examples based on industry demand data are presented and discussed. The second section considers a revenue management problem for sports and entertainment organizations. Given that the organization starts the selling season by offering ticket packages exclusively, the optimal time during the selling season for the organization to begin selling individual-event tickets is derived. Extensions of the base model are developed to include multiple ticket packages and heterogeneous ticket packages. The model is illustrated using empirical data sets obtained from the Georgia Tech Athletic Department and the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra. The third section develops a model of vendor-controlled category management in which vendors are in charge of the stocking and assortment decisions for a given amount of shelf space at a vendor when the retailer retains control over the retail price. The subgame-perfect Nash Equilibrium strategies for two vendors and a single retailer are analyzed, and a revenue-sharing contract is shown to coordinate the channel when the vendors can produce multiple brands in a given product category and shelf space is sufficiently large or small.

Transportation is important in making supply chain decisions. With the careful consideration of transportation expenses, the performance of each supply chain member, as well as the entire supply chain, could be improved significantly. The purpose of this research is: 1) to explore and identify the various situations that relate to replenishment and transportation activities; and 2) to reveal the strength of the connection between purchase quantity and transportation discounts, and integrate the two discounts to enhance supply-chain coordination. The problem is analyzed and categorized into four representative cases, depending on transportation. To aid the supplier or the carrier to determine the discount that should be offered, in light of the buyer's reaction to that discount, decision models are proposed under three different circumstances. First, assuming a single product, we investigate the quantity discounts from the supplier's perspective, via a noncooperative game-theoretical approach and also a joint decision model. Taking into account the price elasticity of demand, this analysis aids a sole supplier in establishing an all-unit quantity discount policy in light of the buyer's best reaction. The Stackelberg equilibrium and the Pareto-optimal solution set are derived for the noncooperative and joint-decision cases, respectively. Our research indicates that channel efficiency can be improved significantly if the quantity discount decision is made jointly rather than noncooperatively. Moreover, we extend our model in several directions: (a) the product is transported by a private fleet; (b) the buyer may choose to offer her customers a different percentage discount than that she obtained from the supplier; and (c) the case of multiple (heterogeneous) buyers. Numerical examples are employed, here and throughout the thesis, to illustrate the practical applications of the models presented and the sensitivity to model parameters. Secondly, we consider a situation with a family of SKUs for which the supplier will offer a quantity discount, according to the aggregate purchases of the product group. Management of those items is based on the modified periodic policy. From the supplier's point of view, what are the optimal parameters (breakpoint and discount percentage)? For deterministic demand, we discuss the cases in which demand is both constant and price-sensitive. First as a noncooperative Stackelberg game, and then when the two parties make the discount and replenishment decisions jointly, we illustrate the impact of price-sensitivity and joint decision making on the supplier's discount policy. The third approach studies the case in which transportation of the goods by a common carrier (a public, for-hire trucking company) is integrated in the quantity discount decisions. In reality, it is quite difficult for the carrier to determine the proper transportation discount, especially in the case of LTL (less-than-truckload) trucking. This is not only because of the "phantom freight" phenomenon, caused by possible over-declaration of the weight by the shipper, but also due to the fact that the discount relates to both transportation and inventory issues. In this research, we study the problem of coordinating the transportation and quantity discount decisions from the perspectives of the parties who offer the discounts, rather than the ones that take them. By comparison of the noncooperative and cooperative models, we show that cooperation provides better overall results, not only to each party, but also to the entire supply chain. To divide the extra payoffs gained from that cooperation, we further conduct a coalition analysis, based upon the concept of "Shapley Value." A detailed algorithm and numerical examples are provided to illustrate the solution procedure. Finally, the thesis concludes with comprehensive remarks. We summarize the contributions of this thesis, show the overall results obtained here, and present the directions that our research may take in the future.

Research questions: How should the supply chain within Micropower and Ecotec be coordinated in order to minimize the costs and keep a high customer service level?  1. What kinds of activities take place within the supply chain of Micropower and Ecotec and how are they coordinated? 2. What kinds of wastes can be identified and why do they occur? 3. What should be done in order to minimize these wastes?  Purpose: The overall purpose is to improve the coordination of the supply chain between the two facilities to minimize the airfreight without affecting the customer service level. The first objective is to define what kinds of activities take place within the supply chain and how they are coordinated with each other to identify the wastes. It will then be investigated why they occur. Finally, suggestions and solutions will be formulated to eliminate these wastes. Considering the expansion phase of the case company, the purpose of this thesis also covers general learnings for future supply chain setups with offshore subsidiaries.

A Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos (GCS) vem sendo um tema em evidência nos dias atuais para a busca de vantagens competitivas, as quais não se limitam mais nos limites das empresas, mas sim no escopo de cadeia de suprimentos (CS), através de iniciativas interempresariais que se estendem desde controles e reposição de estoque conjuntos até uma gestão colaborativa na CS. Um dos grandes desafios na GCS é desenvolver uma coordenação da cadeia de suprimentos (CCS) que, além de atender os níveis de serviço desejados com os estoques controlados, também seja capaz de lidar com as variáveis cada vez mais complexas, buscando uma racionalização dos recursos, uma melhoria de produtos e processos e, ainda, lidar com as possíveis ameaças que afetam a vulnerabilidade da CS (VCS). O objetivo geral desta tese é propor um modelo de CCS que inclua atividades de melhoria da CS (MCS) e VCS, para assim auxiliar no desempenho da CS. A fim de alcançar o objetivo geral, foram propostos objetivos específicos, correspondentes aos quatro artigos que compõem esta tese. O primeiro artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com o propósito de identificar os métodos colaborativos mais disseminados, suas características e desafios de implementação. O segundo artigo também realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura, mas direcionada à identificação dos métodos de otimização e melhoria em CS implementados atualmente, como e por que são implementados. O terceiro artigo realizou um aprofundamento teórico sobre VCS, entendendo seus componentes e outros elementos relacionados. Após isso, demonstrou a contribuição de métodos colaborativos para mitigá-la. O quarto artigo traz uma retomada dos achados nos três primeiros artigos e consolida os mesmos como bases conceituais para a proposição do modelo de CCS que inclui atividades de MCS e VCS. Os principais resultados da tese iniciaram por mostrar que os métodos colaborativos em CS possuem características puramente de CCS e o CPFR foi encontrado como método colaborativo mais abrangente e mais abordado na literatura pesquisada, cuja estrutura de funcionamento foi utilizada como arcabouço para o modelo de CCS proposto. A literatura mostrou a MCS com foco atualmente em melhoria contínua através do Lean Manufacturing. Outro resultado da tese foi a criação de um framework de VCS, no qual foi possível entender a VCS, seus elementos e constatar que a mesma pode ser mitigada através da utilização de métodos colaborativos. Os resultados finais da tese apresentam um modelo de CCS que inclui atividades de MCS e VCS. Essas atividades inseridas no processo de CCS permitem a identificação de oportunidades de melhoria, pontos restritivos e vulnerabilidades que, se trabalhados de acordo com as prioridades para os objetivos da CCS, podem gerar um aumento de desempenho competitivo da CS. As discussões apresentadas na presente tese mostraram a pertinência e necessidade dessas atividades para um aumento do desempenho competitivo da CS, bem como o fato dessas atividades poderem interagir com outras atividades isoladas de gestão de riscos ou melhorias dentro da CS. / Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been a theme in evidence in the present day in seeking competitive advantages, which are being sought not within the limits of companies, but in the supply chain (SC) scope, through intercompany initiatives, that extend from controls and inventory replenishment to a collaborative SCM. One of the major challenges in SCM is to develop a Supply Chain Coordination (SCC) that in addition to meeting the desired service levels with inventory levels controlled should also be able to handle the variables, increasingly complex, seeking a resource reduction, products and process improvement and also deal with possible threats to the Supply Chain Vulnerability (SCV). The overall objective of this thesis is to propose a SCC model that includes improvement activities in SC (SCI) and SCV, so as to help improve the SC performance. In order to achieve the overall goal, specific objectives have been proposed, corresponding to the four articles that make up this thesis. The first paper aimed to perform a systematic literature review in order to identify the most widespread collaborative methods, their characteristics and implementation challenges. The second paper also held a systematic literature review, but directed in identifying the optimisation and improvement methods currently implemented, how and why they are implemented. The third paper conducted a theoretical study on SCV, understanding of its components and other related elements and analyzed the contribution of collaborative methods to mitigate it. The fourth article brings a resume of the findings in the three previous papers and consolidates them as conceptual basis for the SCC model proposition that includes SCI and SCV activities. The main thesis results began to show that the SC collaborative methods have features purely as CCS and CPFR was found as most comprehensive and further discussed collaborative methods in the literature, which its operating structure was used as a framework for the proposed SCC model. The literature showed the SCI currently focusing on continuous improvement through Lean Manufacturing. Another result of the thesis was to create a SCV framework in which it was possible to understand the SCV, in its entirety and find that it can be mitigated through the use of collaborative methods. The final results of the thesis presented a SCC method that includes SCI and SCV activities, which generated discussions and showed the relevance and necessity of these activities to increase the SC competitive performance. The pointed competitive performance increase is towards increasing its operating reliability, rationalize resources and improve restrictive points, linked to priorities stated during SCC process. This fact may interact with other isolated activities of risk management or improvements in the CS.

Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is a business practice in which vendors monitor their customers&rsquo / inventories, and decide when and how much inventory should be replenished. VMI has attracted a lot of attention due to its benefits. In this study, we analyze the benefits of VMI in a supply chain consisting of a single retailer and a single capacitated supplier under stochastic demand. We propose a VMI setting and compare the vendor managed system with the traditional system to quantify the benefits of VMI. In our proposed VMI system, the retailer shares the inventory level information with the supplier, which is not available in traditional system / and the supplier is responsible to keep the retailer&rsquo / s inventory level between the specified minimum and maximum values, called (z,Z) levels, set by a contract. We examine the benefits of such a VMI system for each member and for the overall chain / and analyze the effects of system parameters on these benefits. The performance of VMI in coordinating the overall chain is examined under different system parameters.

A Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos (GCS) vem sendo um tema em evidência nos dias atuais para a busca de vantagens competitivas, as quais não se limitam mais nos limites das empresas, mas sim no escopo de cadeia de suprimentos (CS), através de iniciativas interempresariais que se estendem desde controles e reposição de estoque conjuntos até uma gestão colaborativa na CS. Um dos grandes desafios na GCS é desenvolver uma coordenação da cadeia de suprimentos (CCS) que, além de atender os níveis de serviço desejados com os estoques controlados, também seja capaz de lidar com as variáveis cada vez mais complexas, buscando uma racionalização dos recursos, uma melhoria de produtos e processos e, ainda, lidar com as possíveis ameaças que afetam a vulnerabilidade da CS (VCS). O objetivo geral desta tese é propor um modelo de CCS que inclua atividades de melhoria da CS (MCS) e VCS, para assim auxiliar no desempenho da CS. A fim de alcançar o objetivo geral, foram propostos objetivos específicos, correspondentes aos quatro artigos que compõem esta tese. O primeiro artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com o propósito de identificar os métodos colaborativos mais disseminados, suas características e desafios de implementação. O segundo artigo também realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura, mas direcionada à identificação dos métodos de otimização e melhoria em CS implementados atualmente, como e por que são implementados. O terceiro artigo realizou um aprofundamento teórico sobre VCS, entendendo seus componentes e outros elementos relacionados. Após isso, demonstrou a contribuição de métodos colaborativos para mitigá-la. O quarto artigo traz uma retomada dos achados nos três primeiros artigos e consolida os mesmos como bases conceituais para a proposição do modelo de CCS que inclui atividades de MCS e VCS. Os principais resultados da tese iniciaram por mostrar que os métodos colaborativos em CS possuem características puramente de CCS e o CPFR foi encontrado como método colaborativo mais abrangente e mais abordado na literatura pesquisada, cuja estrutura de funcionamento foi utilizada como arcabouço para o modelo de CCS proposto. A literatura mostrou a MCS com foco atualmente em melhoria contínua através do Lean Manufacturing. Outro resultado da tese foi a criação de um framework de VCS, no qual foi possível entender a VCS, seus elementos e constatar que a mesma pode ser mitigada através da utilização de métodos colaborativos. Os resultados finais da tese apresentam um modelo de CCS que inclui atividades de MCS e VCS. Essas atividades inseridas no processo de CCS permitem a identificação de oportunidades de melhoria, pontos restritivos e vulnerabilidades que, se trabalhados de acordo com as prioridades para os objetivos da CCS, podem gerar um aumento de desempenho competitivo da CS. As discussões apresentadas na presente tese mostraram a pertinência e necessidade dessas atividades para um aumento do desempenho competitivo da CS, bem como o fato dessas atividades poderem interagir com outras atividades isoladas de gestão de riscos ou melhorias dentro da CS. / Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been a theme in evidence in the present day in seeking competitive advantages, which are being sought not within the limits of companies, but in the supply chain (SC) scope, through intercompany initiatives, that extend from controls and inventory replenishment to a collaborative SCM. One of the major challenges in SCM is to develop a Supply Chain Coordination (SCC) that in addition to meeting the desired service levels with inventory levels controlled should also be able to handle the variables, increasingly complex, seeking a resource reduction, products and process improvement and also deal with possible threats to the Supply Chain Vulnerability (SCV). The overall objective of this thesis is to propose a SCC model that includes improvement activities in SC (SCI) and SCV, so as to help improve the SC performance. In order to achieve the overall goal, specific objectives have been proposed, corresponding to the four articles that make up this thesis. The first paper aimed to perform a systematic literature review in order to identify the most widespread collaborative methods, their characteristics and implementation challenges. The second paper also held a systematic literature review, but directed in identifying the optimisation and improvement methods currently implemented, how and why they are implemented. The third paper conducted a theoretical study on SCV, understanding of its components and other related elements and analyzed the contribution of collaborative methods to mitigate it. The fourth article brings a resume of the findings in the three previous papers and consolidates them as conceptual basis for the SCC model proposition that includes SCI and SCV activities. The main thesis results began to show that the SC collaborative methods have features purely as CCS and CPFR was found as most comprehensive and further discussed collaborative methods in the literature, which its operating structure was used as a framework for the proposed SCC model. The literature showed the SCI currently focusing on continuous improvement through Lean Manufacturing. Another result of the thesis was to create a SCV framework in which it was possible to understand the SCV, in its entirety and find that it can be mitigated through the use of collaborative methods. The final results of the thesis presented a SCC method that includes SCI and SCV activities, which generated discussions and showed the relevance and necessity of these activities to increase the SC competitive performance. The pointed competitive performance increase is towards increasing its operating reliability, rationalize resources and improve restrictive points, linked to priorities stated during SCC process. This fact may interact with other isolated activities of risk management or improvements in the CS.

A Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos (GCS) vem sendo um tema em evidência nos dias atuais para a busca de vantagens competitivas, as quais não se limitam mais nos limites das empresas, mas sim no escopo de cadeia de suprimentos (CS), através de iniciativas interempresariais que se estendem desde controles e reposição de estoque conjuntos até uma gestão colaborativa na CS. Um dos grandes desafios na GCS é desenvolver uma coordenação da cadeia de suprimentos (CCS) que, além de atender os níveis de serviço desejados com os estoques controlados, também seja capaz de lidar com as variáveis cada vez mais complexas, buscando uma racionalização dos recursos, uma melhoria de produtos e processos e, ainda, lidar com as possíveis ameaças que afetam a vulnerabilidade da CS (VCS). O objetivo geral desta tese é propor um modelo de CCS que inclua atividades de melhoria da CS (MCS) e VCS, para assim auxiliar no desempenho da CS. A fim de alcançar o objetivo geral, foram propostos objetivos específicos, correspondentes aos quatro artigos que compõem esta tese. O primeiro artigo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com o propósito de identificar os métodos colaborativos mais disseminados, suas características e desafios de implementação. O segundo artigo também realizou uma revisão sistemática da literatura, mas direcionada à identificação dos métodos de otimização e melhoria em CS implementados atualmente, como e por que são implementados. O terceiro artigo realizou um aprofundamento teórico sobre VCS, entendendo seus componentes e outros elementos relacionados. Após isso, demonstrou a contribuição de métodos colaborativos para mitigá-la. O quarto artigo traz uma retomada dos achados nos três primeiros artigos e consolida os mesmos como bases conceituais para a proposição do modelo de CCS que inclui atividades de MCS e VCS. Os principais resultados da tese iniciaram por mostrar que os métodos colaborativos em CS possuem características puramente de CCS e o CPFR foi encontrado como método colaborativo mais abrangente e mais abordado na literatura pesquisada, cuja estrutura de funcionamento foi utilizada como arcabouço para o modelo de CCS proposto. A literatura mostrou a MCS com foco atualmente em melhoria contínua através do Lean Manufacturing. Outro resultado da tese foi a criação de um framework de VCS, no qual foi possível entender a VCS, seus elementos e constatar que a mesma pode ser mitigada através da utilização de métodos colaborativos. Os resultados finais da tese apresentam um modelo de CCS que inclui atividades de MCS e VCS. Essas atividades inseridas no processo de CCS permitem a identificação de oportunidades de melhoria, pontos restritivos e vulnerabilidades que, se trabalhados de acordo com as prioridades para os objetivos da CCS, podem gerar um aumento de desempenho competitivo da CS. As discussões apresentadas na presente tese mostraram a pertinência e necessidade dessas atividades para um aumento do desempenho competitivo da CS, bem como o fato dessas atividades poderem interagir com outras atividades isoladas de gestão de riscos ou melhorias dentro da CS. / Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been a theme in evidence in the present day in seeking competitive advantages, which are being sought not within the limits of companies, but in the supply chain (SC) scope, through intercompany initiatives, that extend from controls and inventory replenishment to a collaborative SCM. One of the major challenges in SCM is to develop a Supply Chain Coordination (SCC) that in addition to meeting the desired service levels with inventory levels controlled should also be able to handle the variables, increasingly complex, seeking a resource reduction, products and process improvement and also deal with possible threats to the Supply Chain Vulnerability (SCV). The overall objective of this thesis is to propose a SCC model that includes improvement activities in SC (SCI) and SCV, so as to help improve the SC performance. In order to achieve the overall goal, specific objectives have been proposed, corresponding to the four articles that make up this thesis. The first paper aimed to perform a systematic literature review in order to identify the most widespread collaborative methods, their characteristics and implementation challenges. The second paper also held a systematic literature review, but directed in identifying the optimisation and improvement methods currently implemented, how and why they are implemented. The third paper conducted a theoretical study on SCV, understanding of its components and other related elements and analyzed the contribution of collaborative methods to mitigate it. The fourth article brings a resume of the findings in the three previous papers and consolidates them as conceptual basis for the SCC model proposition that includes SCI and SCV activities. The main thesis results began to show that the SC collaborative methods have features purely as CCS and CPFR was found as most comprehensive and further discussed collaborative methods in the literature, which its operating structure was used as a framework for the proposed SCC model. The literature showed the SCI currently focusing on continuous improvement through Lean Manufacturing. Another result of the thesis was to create a SCV framework in which it was possible to understand the SCV, in its entirety and find that it can be mitigated through the use of collaborative methods. The final results of the thesis presented a SCC method that includes SCI and SCV activities, which generated discussions and showed the relevance and necessity of these activities to increase the SC competitive performance. The pointed competitive performance increase is towards increasing its operating reliability, rationalize resources and improve restrictive points, linked to priorities stated during SCC process. This fact may interact with other isolated activities of risk management or improvements in the CS.

Cette recherche se situe à l'interface de la gestion des opérations durables, de la gestion de la technologie et de la finance. Plus précisément, dans mes recherches, j'essaie d'examiner les mesures incitatives des entreprises pour adopter des mesures d'amélioration technologique qui conduisent à une utilisation plus efficiente des intrants et affectent ainsi la structure des coûts, l'exposition aux risques et la performance environnementale des entreprises. Ainsi, je cherche à identifier les facteurs qui affectent --- et les mécanismes par lesquels ils le font --- la décision d'une entreprise d'investir dans TI: forces dans une chaîne d'approvisionnement, incertitude des prix sur les marchés des intrants, contraintes de trésorerie, couverture financière mécanismes, la concurrence de l'industrie et la stratégie de prix compétitive de l'entreprise. En collaborant avec des professeurs dans les domaines de la recherche opérationnelle, de l'économie et de la finance, j'ai adopté une approche multidisciplinaire pour étudier l'adoption de technologies efficaces et durables.En particulier, dans mon premier chapitre, «L'amélioration des technologies dans les chaînes d'approvisionnement sous pouvoir de négociation asymétrique», j'examine comment le pouvoir de négociation asymétrique --- entre les acheteurs et les fournisseurs --- affecte le niveau optimal d'investissement dans l'amélioration technologique. Dans mon deuxième chapitre, «Gestion des risques liés aux prix des intrants: amélioration de la technologie et couverture financière», j'explore le mécanisme qui guide l'intérêt d'une entreprise pour TI en raison de l'incertitude accrue sur les prix des intrants. Enfin, dans le troisième chapitre, «La valeur de la gestion des risques financiers dans l'investissement dynamique de capacité et l'amélioration technologique», j'étudie le rôle de la contrainte budgétaire et de la couverture financière sur le choix de la technologie. / This research is in the interface of sustainable operations management, technology management, and finance. Specifically, in my research I strive to examine firm's incentives to adopt `technology improvement' (TI) measures that lead to the more efficient use of inputs in operations and thereby affect the cost structure, risk exposure, and environmental performance of firms. Thus I seek to identify the factors that affect---and the mechanisms by which they do so---a firm's decision to invest in TI: forces within a supply chain, price uncertainty in the markets for inputs, cash constraints, financial hedging mechanisms, industry competition, and the firm's competitive pricing strategy. By collaborating with professors in the fields of operations research, economics, and finance, I have embraced a multidisciplinary approach to studying the adoption of efficient and sustainable technologies.In particular, in my first chapter, ``Technology Improvement Contracting in Supply Chains under Asymmetric Bargaining Power'' I examine how asymmetric bargaining power---between buyers and suppliers---affects the optimal level of investment in technology improvement. In my second chapter, ``Input-price Risk Management: Technology Improvement and Financial Hedging'', I explore the mechanism driving a firm's interest in TI under increased uncertainty about input prices. Finally, in the third chapter, ``The Value of Financial Risk Management in Dynamic Capacity Investment and Technology Improvement'', I study the role of budget constraint and financial hedging on the choice of technology.