Orientador: Fauze Ahmad Aouada / Resumo: O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar a síntese dos bionanocompósitos constituídos de carboximetilcelulose (CMC), poliacrilamida (PAAm) e diferentes concentrações de nanoargila laponita RDS (0 % referência, 1 %, 2%, 4% e 5 %), com possibilidades de aplicação em sistemas de remoção/liberação controlada de pesticida paraquat. Foi possível confirmar a formação dos bionanocompósitos constituídos de CMC/PAAm/nanoargila utilizando as técnicas de espectroscopia de absorção no infravermelho (FTIR) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A disposição das plaquetas de nanoargila na matriz polimérica foi avaliada pela técnica de difração de raios-X (DRX), em que resultou na possibilidade das plaquetas estarem intercaladas, além de possivelmente estarem esfoliadas. O comportamento térmico dos hidrogéis foi avaliado pelas análises termogravimétrica (TG) e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC). Os bionanocompósitos se mostraram estáveis termicamente até aproximadamente 200 °C. Foi realizada a caracterização dos bionanocompósitos, determinando o grau de intumescimento (Q) em água destilada, diferentes soluções salinas (NaCl, CaCl2 e AlCl3) e soluções com diversos pH (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 e 10). Observou-se uma redução nos valores de Q em baixas concentrações de nanoargila para água destilada (Q0% = 33,7 g/g para Q2% = 23,8 g/g), seguida de um acréscimo com o aumento do teor de nanoargila (Q4% = 28,4 g/g e Q5% = 33,01 g/g) em relação aos hidrogéis com 1 e 2 % de nanoargila. Foi também c... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The objective of this research was to study the bionanocomposites synthesis constituted of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide (PAAm) and different contents of nanoclay laponite RDS (0% as reference, 1%, 2%, 4% and 5%), with possibility application in systems of removal/release paraquat pesticide. The confirmation of bionanocomposites formation constituted of CMC/PAAm/nanoclay was verified by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (MEV) techniques. It was possible to evaluate the platelets configuration of nanoclay in the polymeric matrix by X-ray diffraction (DRX), which resulted in the possibility of platelets be intercalated, and possibly exfoliated. The thermal stability of the hydrogels was investigated by analysis thermogravimetric (TG) and differential exploratory calorimetry (DSC). The results confirmed that the bionanocomposites are thermal stability until amount 200 °C. It was also realized the characterization of bionanocomposites, obtaining the swelling degree (Q) in distilled water, different saline solutions (NaCl, CaCl2 and AlCl3) and solutions with various values of pH (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10). It was observed a reduction in values of Q in low concentration of nanoclay to distilled water (Q0% = 33.7 g/g to Q2% = 23.8 g/g), followed of increase with additions of nanoclay content (Q4 = 28.4 g/g and Q5% = 33.0 g/g). It was also verified strong influence (reduction) in the values of Q in solutions saline which... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Acrylonitrile based engineering random copolymers were prepared via one step emulsion polymerization using ammonium persulfate (initiator), 1-dodecanthiol (chain transfer agent) and DOWFAX 8390 (surfactant) in the presence of water at approximately 65 0C. Three copolymer compositions were studied for novel polyacrylonitrile, (PAN)-polyhydroxyethyl acrylate (PHEA), PAN-polybutyl acrylate (PBA), novel PAN-polyt-butyl acrylate (PtBA), PAN-polyethyl acrylate (PEA) and PAN-polymethyl acrylate (PMA) with acrylate content varying from 8, 12 and 16 molar percent. Infrared spectroscopy, proton and carbon NMR were successfully utilized to confirm the chemical structure of copolymers. In order to determine the comonomer compositions in the copolymer structure, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, 1H NMR studies were carried out. Thermal (TGA, DSC) and mechanical properties of homo and copolymers were also investigated. Intrinsic viscosity (IV) measurements in dimethyl formamide (DMF) solution revealed that the molecular weight of the copolymers were quite enough to form ductile films. In this study, hydrogels and their copolymers of acrylonitrile (PAN-PHEA) were also studied. Some properties of the free standing copolymer films such as / swelling behaviors and densities were evaluated. It was also demonstrated that the nanocomposites of these copolymers could be utilized in filtration technology. Hence, novel PAN(88)-co-PMA(12) and polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites were prepared at various PANI loadings to remove toxic chromium(VI) solution from water. Chemical structure, swelling and fracture morphology of the nanocomposites membranes were studied. It was observed that PANI had a great impact on the chromium removal. Permeate flux and rejection of chromium(VI) were demonstrated for various pHs and chromium(VI) concentrations. Finally, influences of comonomer composition on the thermal properties of the copolymers were investigated to input their structure property relation.

Submitted by JOÃO ANTONIO FARINELLI GARCIA (farinelligarcia@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-11T13:28:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - João Antonio Farinelli Garcia.pdf: 4749849 bytes, checksum: d11924d30ad7b0fdf1f021fe7bc5cbf9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-06-14T23:47:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_jaf_me_ilha.pdf: 4616181 bytes, checksum: 3df8dbb185ed2224d9fa39c2985a23d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T23:47:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_jaf_me_ilha.pdf: 4616181 bytes, checksum: 3df8dbb185ed2224d9fa39c2985a23d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-27 / O objetivo do trabalho foi realizar a síntese dos bionanocompósitos constituídos de carboximetilcelulose (CMC), poliacrilamida (PAAm) e diferentes concentrações de nanoargila laponita RDS (0 % referência, 1 %, 2%, 4% e 5 %), com possibilidades de aplicação em sistemas de remoção/liberação controlada de pesticida paraquat. Foi possível confirmar a formação dos bionanocompósitos constituídos de CMC/PAAm/nanoargila utilizando as técnicas de espectroscopia de absorção no infravermelho (FTIR) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A disposição das plaquetas de nanoargila na matriz polimérica foi avaliada pela técnica de difração de raios-X (DRX), em que resultou na possibilidade das plaquetas estarem intercaladas, além de possivelmente estarem esfoliadas. O comportamento térmico dos hidrogéis foi avaliado pelas análises termogravimétrica (TG) e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC). Os bionanocompósitos se mostraram estáveis termicamente até aproximadamente 200 °C. Foi realizada a caracterização dos bionanocompósitos, determinando o grau de intumescimento (Q) em água destilada, diferentes soluções salinas (NaCl, CaCl2 e AlCl3) e soluções com diversos pH (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 e 10). Observou-se uma redução nos valores de Q em baixas concentrações de nanoargila para água destilada (Q0% = 33,7 g/g para Q2% = 23,8 g/g), seguida de um acréscimo com o aumento do teor de nanoargila (Q4% = 28,4 g/g e Q5% = 33,01 g/g) em relação aos hidrogéis com 1 e 2 % de nanoargila. Foi também constatada forte influência (redução) nos valores de Q em soluções salinas, com valores aproximados de Q = 17, 16 e 8 g/g para NaCl, CaCl2 e AlCl3, respectivamente. Em soluções com pH baixo (1 e 2), os valores de Q foram aproximadamente 13-14 g/g, seguidos de um aumento para pH mais alto (4-10), com valores aproximados de 17-18 g/g. Ainda, foram determinados os parâmetros cinéticos n e k, constatando influência significativa nos valores dos parâmetros em diferentes meios de intumescimento. Porém, não foram observadas variações significativas nos valores de n e k em relação às diferentes concentrações de laponita RDS. Foram realizados estudos de adsorção e liberação do pesticida paraquat em água destilada e soluções com pH igual a 4, 7 e 10, nos quais resultaram em uma boa possiblidade de aplicação dos bionanocompósitos em sistemas de remoção/liberação controlada. / The objective of this research was to study the bionanocomposites synthesis constituted of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide (PAAm) and different contents of nanoclay laponite RDS (0% as reference, 1%, 2%, 4% and 5%), with possibility application in systems of removal/release paraquat pesticide. The confirmation of bionanocomposites formation constituted of CMC/PAAm/nanoclay was verified by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (MEV) techniques. It was possible to evaluate the platelets configuration of nanoclay in the polymeric matrix by X-ray diffraction (DRX), which resulted in the possibility of platelets be intercalated, and possibly exfoliated. The thermal stability of the hydrogels was investigated by analysis thermogravimetric (TG) and differential exploratory calorimetry (DSC). The results confirmed that the bionanocomposites are thermal stability until amount 200 °C. It was also realized the characterization of bionanocomposites, obtaining the swelling degree (Q) in distilled water, different saline solutions (NaCl, CaCl2 and AlCl3) and solutions with various values of pH (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10). It was observed a reduction in values of Q in low concentration of nanoclay to distilled water (Q0% = 33.7 g/g to Q2% = 23.8 g/g), followed of increase with additions of nanoclay content (Q4 = 28.4 g/g and Q5% = 33.0 g/g). It was also verified strong influence (reduction) in the values of Q in solutions saline which approximated values of Q = 17, 16 and 8 g/g to NaCl, CaCl2 and AlCl3, respectivelly. In solutions with low pH (1 and 2) the swelling degree was approximated 13-14 g/g that showed an increase to high pH (4-10) with approximated values of 17-18 g/g. It was determined the n and k kinetic parameters, stating the significant influence when the parameters are analyzed in different swelling solutions. However, it was not observed variations in the values of kinetic parameters when the laponite RDS was changed. Adsorption and release studies of the paraquat pesticide in distilled water and solutions with pH of 4, 7 and 10 were realized, which resulted in a good possibility of application of the bionanocomposites in controlled removal/release systems. / 1585978