Thesis. 1977. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Physics. / M̲i̲c̲ṟo̲f̲i̲c̲ẖe̲ c̲o̲p̲y̲ a̲v̲a̲i̲ḻa̲ḇḻe̲ i̲ṉ A̲ṟc̲ẖi̲v̲e̲s̲ a̲ṉḏ S̲c̲i̲e̲ṉc̲e̲. / Vita. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Sylvester James Gates, Jr. / Ph.D.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 157-163). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

The ATLAS Experiment is one of the four large detectors located at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. In summer 2008, ATLAS is expected to start collecting data from proton-proton collisions at 14 TeV centre-of-mass energy. In the centre of the detector, the reconstruction of charged particle tracks is performed by silicon and drift tube based sub-detectors. In order to achieve the ATLAS physics goals the resolutions of the measured track parameters should not be degraded by more than 20% due to misalignment. Thus, the relative positions of the silicon detector elements have to be known to an accuracy of about 10 micrometers in the coordinate with the best measurement precision. This requirement can be achieved by track based alignment algorithms combined with measurements from hardware based alignment techniques. A robust track based alignment method based on track residual and overlap residual optimisation has been developed and implemented into the ATLAS offline software framework. The alignment algorithm has been used to align a test beam setup and also part of the final ATLAS detector using cosmic ray muons. Several simulation studies showed that the algorithm will be able to align the full detector with collision data. In addition to detector misalignments, limitations in the knowledge of the proton structure are going to affect physics discoveries at the LHC. Therefore, parton distribution uncertainties in high-mass Drell-Yan processes have been determined. This study includes the analysis of the forward-backward asymmetry. It has been performed on the level of next-to-leading order in both, Monte Carlo simulation using k-factors and parton distribution functions. This analysis is crucial for new physics searches with the ATLAS detector.

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The resurgence of interest in properties of molecules of icosahedral symmetry follows the discovery of the C₆₀ molecule. Due to the high symmetry of the icosahedron, almost all the electronic and vibrational levels are highly degenerate, so that in dealing with properties of these systems, the Jahn-Teller interaction must almost always be allowed for. This thesis primarily explores the properties of the icosahedral G ⊗ (g ⊕ h] interaction and related subsystems in the strong coupling régime. Mappings of the adiabatic potential energy surfaces facilitate an analysis of the geometrical phase or Berry phase acquired by the quantal system on transportation around adiabatic circuits in parameter space. The Berry phase information in conjunction with an analysis of tunnelling, determines the properties of the ground state. The use of Ham factors achieves a characterization of the various coupling régimes. However, characterization of G and H Jahn-Teller systems, requires an extension of the standard definition of these Ham factors. In such cases the extended matrix elements between and within vibronic tunnelling sublevels cannot be ignored. A calculation of all the standard and extended matrix elements is presented. A further introduction of a matrix of Ham factors facilitates the description of H multiplicity within an H manifold. Finally, two problems are investigated numerically; aimed at making some allusion towards possible experimental manifestations of G ⊗(g(⊕)h). The first investigation considers the variations in the eigensystem and Ham factors of G ⊗ (g ⊕ h), as a function of the coupling to the two modes. The second investigation considers the structure in the optical absorption line shapes for the transitions from orbital singlet to quartet, G, states in an icosahedral environment. The quartet states are subject to both spin-orbit and linear Jahn-Teller interactions.

Bibliography : leaves 135-146 / vii, 146 leaves ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Physics and Mathematical Physics, 1991

Thesis (M.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Mathematical Physics, 1974.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, June, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.