A compact frequency synthesizer based on a phase locked loop (PLL) is designed for the self-calibration in RF circuits. The main advantage of the presented frequency synthesizer is that it can be built in a small silicon area using MOSFET interface trap charge pump (ITCP) current generators. The ITCP current generator makes it possible to use small currents at nano-ampere levels so that small capacitances can be used in the loop filter. A large resistance, which is required to compensate for the reduced capacitances, is implemented using an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). An ITCP current generator is used as a tail current source for the OTA in order to realize a small transconductance. The presented frequency synthesizer has the output frequency range from 570 MHz to 600 MHz with a 100 KHz frequency step. Total silicon area is about 0.3 mm2 using AMIS 0.5 ??m CMOS technology, and the power consumption is 26.7 mW with 3 V single power supply.

Title from accompanying document. / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

<p>Validerat; 20120619 (anonymous)</p>

This thesis describes the design of a digital waveform synthesizer based on the Walsh series representation of a signal. By designing the unit to operate serially, simplicity and economy have been achieved. Although basically meant to be used as a speech synthesizer to be interfaced to a computer, the unit can operate independently as a low frequency function generator capable of producing essentially any finite waveform having a frequency from zero to 200Hz. The mathematics behind the Walsh Series is developed and parameters are adjusted to suit speech synthesis by a short investigation ot the properties of speech. Evolution of the hardware design, including detailed analysis of the final circuitry, is also given. Sources of error are investigated and compared to error measurements made from basic waveforms generated by the synthesizer. Finally, a discussion of potential uses of the synthesizer is included. / <p>This thesis describes the design of a digital waveform synthesizer based on signal representation by the Walsh series. The evolution of the machine design is given, along with a short error analysis. The instrument was constructed and preliminary measurements indicate output waveforms well within the bounds given by error analysis. </p> / Thesis / Master of Engineering (ME)

Master of Science / Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering / William B. Kuhn / A frequency synthesizer is a control system which employs a reference signal from a component, such as a crystal oscillator, with excellent phase and frequency stability to synthesize higher frequencies with similarly desirable characteristics. Such a control system is at the heart of many communication schemes. Due to the digital circuitry used in frequency synthesis, it is relatively straightforward to synthesize frequencies at integer multiples of the reference signal frequency. A synthesizer which achieves this is called an integer-N frequency synthesizer. The main challenge in the design of integer-N synthesizers is to reduce phase noise introduced by circuitry while achieving a needed frequency resolution. Noise can be spectrally spread by conversions in the loop which are non-linear, so the strategy to reduce noise is two-fold. Control-loop and circuit design techniques can be used to reduce device noise, but it is also important to make sure that the noise performance is not degraded by spectral spreading within the loop. This thesis addresses primarily the latter approach with the design and implementation of circuits targeting a specific conversion within the loop. Frequency resolution of a synthesizer can be improved by introducing additional circuitry and complexity. This additional complexity makes it possible to multiply the reference frequency by a fractional number and thus achieve higher frequency resolution. A control system which achieves this is called a fractional-N frequency synthesizer. The cost associated with the increased frequency resolution is a form of noise that is deterministic called spurious noise. This spurious noise can also be spread and amplified by non-linear conversions in the control loop. A quantitative understanding of the magnitude of this noise that is not readily available in the literature was developed in this research. A comparison between several implementations of integrated frequency synthesis was also carried out in this research with the intent of providing guidelines to produce a better performing synthesizer. These implementations differ in key components of the loop where linearity is of particular importance.

In this thesis, An automatic optimization logic synthesizer in pass-transistor-based is developed for logic mapping of the combinational circuits. The format of inputs is Boolean functions with expression of sum of product and we can input several functions for hardware sharing at the same time. Depending the difference of circuits, we use the RC delay model to do optimization for both area and speed performance. The final, output is Verilog gate-level code and HSPICE netlist that provide Verilog-in for automatic place-and-route and simulation. It only needs little executing time for searching the best result and we can quickly gate it.

This thesis includes two topics. The first topic is a programmable DLL-based frequency multiplier, which can be a local oscillator in RF applications. The second one is a ROM-less direct digital frequency synthesizer to serve as a good reference clock or to be used in digital modulation and demodulation. A CMOS local oscillator using a programmable DLL-based frequency multiplier is presented. In this work, low-Q on-chip inductors are not needed. The clock of the output frequency is digitally controllable, which is ranged from 7&#x00B4; to 10&#x00B4; of an input reference clock. The design is carried out by TSMC 1P5M 0.25 mm CMOS process at 2.5 V power supply. The output frequency range of the physical chips measurement is about 1.0 GHz ~ 1.5 GHz. Maximum power dissipation is 58.2 mW at 1.5 GHz output. A ROM-less direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) employing trigonometric quadruple angle formula is presented. In a system-level simulation, the spurious tones performance is suppressed to be lower than -130 dBc. The resolution is up to 13 bits. The maximum error is also analyzed mathematically to meet the simulation results.

No description available.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 27-30, 1997 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / This paper describes the development of a PC based IRIG tone generator and flight termination transmitter. The tone generator and flight termination transmitter card are part of a flight line test set. The test set has several PC based cards which include an S-Band telemetry receiver, a bit synchronizer, a decommutator, an encryption support card and the flight termination transmitter card. The test set can perform a complete end to end test of a weapon’s flight termination system prior to loading on an aircraft.

&lt;italic&gt;Black Aggie: A Tale of American Folklore&lt;italic&gt; is a musical work written for wind symphony and synthesizer. The piece has the possibility to be performed in two different ways. It can either be performed by a live wind symphony or can be played as an electronic realization with media. The piece was inspired by the legend of Black Aggie - a peculiar grave statue with a series of fantastical stories surrounding her existence. The media presentation is to be played along with the live or synthesized performance. The media consists of photographs and footage of key elements in Black Aggie's legend. All of the media was manipulated with &lt;italic&gt;Photoshop&lt;italic&gt; and transferred to the video editing software &lt;italic&gt;iMovie&lt;italic&gt;. The realization of the music was created using &lt;italic&gt;Finale, Logic Pro,&lt;italic&gt; and &lt;italic&gt;East West Symphonic Gold&lt;italic&gt;. The music and the media together create a vivid depiction of Black Aggie's legend. / Mary Pappert School of Music; / Music Theory / MM; / Thesis;