system description, risk, risk evaluation

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / Rapid prototyping is a method of software system development that is gaining much support presently. Rapid prototyping allows the designer to quickly produce a model of a system or part of a system which the user can see and thus verify if his requirements have been met. The prototype specifications can then be efficiently converted to an accurate set of program specifications that the programmers can implement as a final working system. The computer aided prototyping system (CAPS) is a rapid prototyping system that will automate many of the processes of prototyping such as code generation of prototype modules and searching for reusable components. One of the many components of CAPS is a language translator which translates a prototype specification written in the Prototype System Description Language (PSDL) into a set of Ada procedures and packages. The Ada procedures and packages, when executed in proper order, will effectively execute the prototype. This thesis demonstrates an implementation of the translator component of the CAPS. An attribute grammar tool, Kodiyak, is used to build a translator which implements the major constructs of PSDL and produces Ada code to implement PSDL operators according to their control constraints. / http://archive.org/details/implementationof00alti / Lieutenant, United States Navy

Um das principais características da tecnologia de virtualização é a Live Migration, que permite que máquinas virtuais sejam movimentadas entre máquinas físicas sem a interrupção da execução. Esta característica habilita a implementação de políticas mais sofisticadas dentro de um ambiente de computação na nuvem, como a otimização de uso de energia elétrica e recursos computacionais. Entretanto, a Live Migration pode impor severa degradação de desempenho nas aplicações das máquinas virtuais e causar diversos impactos na infraestrutura dos provedores de serviço, como congestionamento de rede e máquinas virtuais co-existentes nas máquinas físicas. Diferente de diversos estudos, este estudo considera a carga de trabalho da máquina virtual um importante fator e argumenta que escolhendo o momento adequado para a migração da máquina virtual pode-se reduzir as penalidades impostas pela Live Migration. Este trabalho introduz a Application-aware Live Migration (ALMA), que intercepta as submissões de Live Migration e, baseado na carga de trabalho da aplicação, adia a migração para um momento mais favorável. Os experimentos conduzidos neste trabalho mostraram que a arquitetura reduziu em até 74% o tempo das migrações para os experimentos com benchmarks e em até 67% os experimentos com carga de trabalho real. A transferência de dados causada pela Live Migration foi reduzida em até 62%. Além disso, o presente introduz um modelo que faz a predição do custo da Live Migration para a carga de trabalho e também um algoritmo de migração que não é sensível à utilização de memória da máquina virtual. / A key feature in virtualization technology is the Live Migration, which allows a Virtual Machine to be moved from a physical host to another without execution interruption. This feature enables the implementation of more sophisticated policies inside a cloud environment, such as energy and computational resources optimization. However, live migration can impose severe performance degradation for virtual machine application and cause multiple impacts in service provider infrastructure, such as network congestion and co-located virtual machine performance degradation. Unlike of several studies this work consider the virtual machine workload an important factor and argue that carefully choosing a proper moment to migrate it can reduce the live migration penalties. This work introduces the Application-aware Live Migration Architecture (ALMA), which intercepts live migrations submissions and, based in the application workload, postpone the migration to a more propitious live migration moment. The experiments conducted by this work demonstrated that the architecture reduced up to 74% for live migration time for benchmarks and 67% for real applications workload. The network data transfer during the live migration was reduced up to 62%. Also, the present work introduces a model to predict live migration cost for the application and an algorithm that it is not memory usage sensitive.

Um das principais características da tecnologia de virtualização é a Live Migration, que permite que máquinas virtuais sejam movimentadas entre máquinas físicas sem a interrupção da execução. Esta característica habilita a implementação de políticas mais sofisticadas dentro de um ambiente de computação na nuvem, como a otimização de uso de energia elétrica e recursos computacionais. Entretanto, a Live Migration pode impor severa degradação de desempenho nas aplicações das máquinas virtuais e causar diversos impactos na infraestrutura dos provedores de serviço, como congestionamento de rede e máquinas virtuais co-existentes nas máquinas físicas. Diferente de diversos estudos, este estudo considera a carga de trabalho da máquina virtual um importante fator e argumenta que escolhendo o momento adequado para a migração da máquina virtual pode-se reduzir as penalidades impostas pela Live Migration. Este trabalho introduz a Application-aware Live Migration (ALMA), que intercepta as submissões de Live Migration e, baseado na carga de trabalho da aplicação, adia a migração para um momento mais favorável. Os experimentos conduzidos neste trabalho mostraram que a arquitetura reduziu em até 74% o tempo das migrações para os experimentos com benchmarks e em até 67% os experimentos com carga de trabalho real. A transferência de dados causada pela Live Migration foi reduzida em até 62%. Além disso, o presente introduz um modelo que faz a predição do custo da Live Migration para a carga de trabalho e também um algoritmo de migração que não é sensível à utilização de memória da máquina virtual. / A key feature in virtualization technology is the Live Migration, which allows a Virtual Machine to be moved from a physical host to another without execution interruption. This feature enables the implementation of more sophisticated policies inside a cloud environment, such as energy and computational resources optimization. However, live migration can impose severe performance degradation for virtual machine application and cause multiple impacts in service provider infrastructure, such as network congestion and co-located virtual machine performance degradation. Unlike of several studies this work consider the virtual machine workload an important factor and argue that carefully choosing a proper moment to migrate it can reduce the live migration penalties. This work introduces the Application-aware Live Migration Architecture (ALMA), which intercepts live migrations submissions and, based in the application workload, postpone the migration to a more propitious live migration moment. The experiments conducted by this work demonstrated that the architecture reduced up to 74% for live migration time for benchmarks and 67% for real applications workload. The network data transfer during the live migration was reduced up to 62%. Also, the present work introduces a model to predict live migration cost for the application and an algorithm that it is not memory usage sensitive.

Different theories of cognitive science propose different system descriptions in their models for the explanation of cognitive phenomena. According to one view, they are incompatible and competing theories. The view is defended by theorists and philosophers from different perspectives and they all claim that the proper conception of cognition is the conception provided by the theory which they advocate. The other view, on the other hand, insists on the compatibility of those theories. According to this view which is also defended here, these different theories are not only compatible, but also they are complementary. The cooperation of these theories and integration of the conceptions provided by these theories are needed to have a full account of cognition.

Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / This thesis builds upon work previously done in the development of the Computer Aided Prototyping System (CAPS) and the Prototype System Description Language (PSDL), and presents a conceptual design for the Software Base Management System (SBMS) component of CAPS. The SBMS is the most critical component of CAPS as it will coordinate the retrieval and integration of Ada software modules. A robust SBMS that enables a software system designer to successfully retrieve reusable Ada components will expedite the prototype development process and enhance designer productivity. Implementation of the conceptual design will be the basis for further work in this area. (Ada is a registered trademark of the United States Government, Ada Joint Program Office.) / http://archive.org/details/conceptualdesign00gali / Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy

This thesis is focused on laser measuring system. It describes comprehensively single components of laser system, its aplication within calibration, subsequent evaluation of results and performance of renovation of the microscope.

Hadron Therapy (HT) exploits properties of ion radiation to gain therapeutic advantages over existing photon-based forms of external radiation therapy. However, its relative superiority and cost-effectiveness have not been proven for all clinical situations. Establishing a robust evidence base for the development of best treatment practices is one of the major challenges for the field. This thesis investigates two research infrastructures for building this essential evidence. First, the thesis develops main components of a metadata-driven software architecture for the collection of clinical information and its analysis. This architecture acknowledges the diversity in the domain and supports data interoperability by sharing information models. Their compliance to common metamodels guarantees that primary data and analysis results can be interpreted outside of the immediate production context. This is a fundamental necessity for all aspects of the evidence creation process. A metamodel of data capture forms is developed with unique properties to support data collection and documentation in this architecture. The architecture's potential to support complex analysis processes is demonstrated with the help of a novel metamodel for Markov model based simulations, as used for the synthesis of evidence in health-economic assessments. The application of both metamodels is illustrated on the example of HT. Since the biological effect of particle radiation is a major source of uncertainty in HT, in its second part, this thesis undertakes first investigations towards a new research facility for bio-medical experiments with ion beams. It examines the feasibility of upgrading LEIR, an existing accelerator at the European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN), with a new slow extraction and investigates transport of the extracted beam to future experiments. Possible configurations for the slow-resonant extraction process are identified, and designs for horizontal and vertical beam transport lines developed. The results of these studies indicate future research directions towards a new ion beam facility for biomedical research.