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O ensino de matemática e as linguagens: logaritmos como expoentes / Mathematical teaching and languages: logarithm as an exponentAquino, Daniel Takahashi Demetrio de 18 February 2019 (has links)
Introdução: Os Logaritmos, objeto matemático desenvolvido há quatro séculos como uma ferramenta facilitadora de cálculos hoje gozam de uma miríade de outros significados, mas manteve seu signo, sua maneira de representação, estagnado no tempo. A Língua Materna e a Matemática estão entrelaçadas e impregnam uma à outra. Como a Língua Materna é a principal influência na formação do raciocínio, esta enraíza-se e permeia as aulas e o ensino de todas as disciplinas, incluindo as de Matemática. Objetivo: Este trabalho visa propor uma modernização para a notação matemática e modo de se interpretar os logaritmos para uma forma mais concordante com a organização de pensamento dos falantes de Língua Portuguesa do Brasil, haja visto que a leitura e maneira de representar um objeto matemático estão diretamente ligadas com o processo de aprendizagem de um indivíduo. Método: Delineada como pesquisa explicativa de abordagem qualitativa, o estudo utilizou de textos e ideias da Linguística, Educação e Matemática para explicitar os efeitos da notação de representação de um objeto matemático no ensino e aprendizagem, e propor maneiras de como utilizar estes efeitos de maneira positiva para a transposição didática do conhecimento. Conclusões: A maneira como a Língua Materna embasa o raciocínio de seus falantes é um fator importante a se considerar na elaboração de uma notação de representação em Matemática. Como as diferentes representações de um objeto estão diretamente ligadas com a aprendizagem, torna-se essencial buscar uma maior concordância entre a representação, impregnada tanto de Matemática quanto de Língua Materna, e o representado, o conhecimento matemático em questão. / Introduction: The Logarithms, the mathmatical object developed four centuries ago as a tool to facilitate calculations today possesses a myriad of other meanings, but kept its sign, its representation, stagnant in time. The Mother Language and the Mathmatics are entangled and impregnate one another. Since the Mother Language is the main influence in the development of the reasoning, it permeates classes and teaching of all subjects, including the Mathmatical ones. Goal: This paper aims to propose an update to the mathmatical notation and way of rendering the logarithms to a more concordant form with the though organization of the Portuguese speakers of Brazil, since the signs and representation of a mathmatical object are directly connected with the learning process of an individual. Method: Outlined as an qualitative approach and explanatory research, the paper used texts and ideas from Linguistics, Education and Mathmatics to explicit the effects of notation and the representations of a mathmatical object in the learning process while also proposing ways to use this effects in a positive manner to the didactic transposition of the knowledge. Conclusions: The way the Mother Language bases the thought organization is an important factor to consider in the elaboration of a mathmatical notation and representation in Mathmatics. Since a multitude of representations are directly connected with the learning process, its essential to search for a concordance between the representation, impregnated both with Mother Language and Mathmatics, and the represented, the mathmatical object.
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Modellbildung dynamischer Systeme mittels LeistungsflußGeitner, Gert-Helge January 2009 (has links)
Im Beitrag wird zunächst die konventionelle auf Signalflüssen basierte Modellbildung mit modernen leistungsflussbasierten Methoden, die auf dem Prinzip von Aktion und Reaktion aufbauen, verglichen. BG (Bond Graph), POG (Power Oriented Graph) und EMR (Energetic Macroscopic representation) sind solche modernen Methoden die den Leistungsaustausch zwischen Teilsystemen als Grundlage für den Modellbildungsansatz nutzen. Diese Werkzeuge erhalten die physikalische Struktur, erlauben es in das dynamische System hineinzuschauen und unterstützen das Verständnis des Leistungsflusses. Unterschiede werden anhand verschiedener Eigenschaften in einer Tabelle angegeben. Nach Erläuterung der Grundlagen zu POG und BG erfolgt die Vorstellung einer Freeware Zusatzbibliothek zur Simulation von Bondgraphen. Spezielle Eigenschaften werden kurz umrissen. Diese Blockbibliothek läuft unter Simulink, besteht aus nur 9 mittels Menü konfigurierbaren Blöcken und realisiert bidirektionale Verbindungen. Die Beispiele Gleichstrommotor, Pulssteller und elastische Welle demonstrieren die Vorteile der leistungsflussorientierten Modellbildung. Zustandsregelung, Energieeffizienz und Simulink LTI Analysewerkzeuge führen in die Anwendung der vorgestellten Simulink Zusatzbibliothek für Bondgraphen ein.:Modellbildung dynamischer Systeme mittels Leistungsfluß
1. Leistungsfluß versus Signalfluß
2. Konjugierte Leistungsvariablen und Kausalität
3. Grundlagen Leistungsfluß orientierter Modellierung
3.1 Definitionen zum POG (Power Oriented Graph)
3.2 Definitionen zu Grundelementen für Bondgraphen (BG)
4. Freeware Bibliothek zur Simulation von Bondgraphen
4.1 Übersicht und Nutzerfreundlichkeit
4.2 Besonderheiten
5. Beispiele
5.1 Gleichstrommotor mit starrer Welle
5.2 Elastische Welle
5.3 Eingangsfilter und Pulssteller
5.4 Vereinfachter Antriebsstrang
6. Anwendung der Simulink Bondgraph Blockbibliothek
6.1 Beispiel elastische Welle
6.2 Zustandsregelung
6.3 Energieeffizienz
6.4 Simulink Analysewerkzeuge
7. Vorteile im Überblick / The paper starts with a comparison of the conventional modelling method based on signal flow and modern power flow oriented modelling methods based on the principle of action and reaction. BG (Bond Graph), POG (Power Oriented Graph) and EMR (Energetic Macroscopic representation) are such modern methods based on the power exchange between partial systems as a key element for the basic modelling approach. These tools preserve the physical structure, enable a view inside dynamical systems and support understanding the power flow. Relationships between these graphical representations will be given. After the explanation of basics for POG and BG an overview and special features of a freeware add-on library for simulation of BGs will be outlined. The block library runs under Simulink, consists of nine menu-driven customised blocks only and realises bidirectional connections. Examples DC motor, chopper and elastic shaft demonstrate the advantages of power flow oriented modelling. State space control, energy efficiency and Simulink LTI analysis tools exemplify the application of the presented Simulink add-on BG library.:Modellbildung dynamischer Systeme mittels Leistungsfluß
1. Leistungsfluß versus Signalfluß
2. Konjugierte Leistungsvariablen und Kausalität
3. Grundlagen Leistungsfluß orientierter Modellierung
3.1 Definitionen zum POG (Power Oriented Graph)
3.2 Definitionen zu Grundelementen für Bondgraphen (BG)
4. Freeware Bibliothek zur Simulation von Bondgraphen
4.1 Übersicht und Nutzerfreundlichkeit
4.2 Besonderheiten
5. Beispiele
5.1 Gleichstrommotor mit starrer Welle
5.2 Elastische Welle
5.3 Eingangsfilter und Pulssteller
5.4 Vereinfachter Antriebsstrang
6. Anwendung der Simulink Bondgraph Blockbibliothek
6.1 Beispiel elastische Welle
6.2 Zustandsregelung
6.3 Energieeffizienz
6.4 Simulink Analysewerkzeuge
7. Vorteile im Überblick
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