Η ανάπτυξη βιομηχανικών οικοσυστημάτων αποτελεί τη βασική κατεύθυνση της βιομηχανικής οικολογίας, η οποία προβάλλει ως ένα από τα πλέον ολοκληρωμένα μοντέλα αειφόρου ανάπτυξης. Η διδακτορική διατριβή αφορά στις συστημικές παρεμβάσεις που απαιτούνται για τη δημιουργία, συντήρηση και ανάπτυξη βιομηχανικών οικοσυστημάτων ή τεχνολογικών θυλάκων όπως ορίζονται υπό το πρίσμα της κοινωνικοτεχνικής προσέγγισης. Προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση, η εργασία αποτελεί μια καινοτόμο προσπάθεια, η οποία εστιάζει (σε μίκρο και μάκρο επίπεδο) στα προβλήματα που εμφανίζονται και στις παρεμβάσεις που απαιτούνται κατά τη μετάβαση προς ένα νέο οικοβιομηχανικό τεχνολογικό καθεστώς. H διατριβή στοχεύει κυρίως στη παραγωγή θεωρίας και καθοδηγητικών πλαισίων σχετικά με τη διαδικασία μετάβασης προς το οικοβιομηχανικό παράδειγμα μέσω δευτερογενούς ανάλυσης υφιστάμενων περιπτώσεων και εφαρμογής θεωρητικών εργαλείων από τα πεδία της συστημικής επιστήμης και των σπουδών τεχνολογίας και επιστήμης. Αρχικά, το βιομηχανικό οικοσύστημα αντιμετωπίζεται ως σύστημα, δηλαδή ως σύνολο μερών τα οποία παρουσιάζουν αναδυόμενες ιδιότητες, και αναλύεται με τη βοήθεια θεμελιωδών συστημικών χαρακτηριστικών. Στη συνέχεια, το βιομηχανικό οικοσύστημα αντιμετωπίζεται ως οργάνωση, δηλαδή ως μια συγκροτημένη ομάδα εμπλεκομένων που στοχεύουν στην πραγμάτωση συγκεκριμένων στόχων, και αναλύονται τα προβλήματα που ανακύπτουν κατά το σχεδιασμό και την υλοποίηση των απαιτούμενων παρεμβάσεων. Τέλος, σε μια συνθετική οπτική, το βιομηχανικό οικοσύστημα αντιμετωπίζεται ως ένα νέο τεχνολογικό καθεστώς, δηλαδή ως ένα σύνολο πεποιθήσεων, κανόνων και τεχνολογιών που ρυθμίζει και διαμορφώνει τη βιομηχανική δραστηριότητα, και εξετάζεται η μετάβαση προς ένα οικοβιομηχανικό σύστημα παραγωγής, υπό το πρίσμα της κοινωνικοτεχνικής προσέγγισης, μέσω συστημικών παρεμβάσεων σε σχετικούς τεχνολογικούς θύλακες. Στη διατριβή προτείνονται ερμηνευτικά και καθοδηγητικά πλαίσια, τα οποία σε μίκρο επίπεδο μπορούν να εφαρμοσθούν στη διαχείριση και ανάπτυξη υφιστάμενων βιομηχανικών οικοσυστημάτων, ενώ σε μάκρο επίπεδο, μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν στη χάραξη στρατηγικών πολιτικών οικοβιομηχανικής ανάπτυξης. / This thesis concerns the systemic interventions required for the development, maintenance and diffusion of industrial ecosystems managed as technological niches under the prism of the socio-technical approach. Towards this end, it is an innovative effort that concentrates on the issues emerged and on the interventions required in the transistion towards a novel eco-industrial technological regime. The main contribution of the research reported is the development οf theoretical constructs, as well as a normative framework for the transition process towards an eco-industrial paradigm. Methodologically, the analysis was based on a secondary research approach and application of theoretical tools from the disciplines of Systems Science and Science and Technology Studies. Initially, the industrial ecosystem was considered as a system and was analysed through fundamental systems concepts. Following, it was approached as an organization, and the associated problems of its transition process were analyzed. Finally, towards a more synthetic view, industrial ecosystems were considered as the constituent parts of a novel socio-technical regime of productions systems. The transition towards such an eco-industrial regime was analyzed through systemic interventions in technological niches by reference to existing industrial ecosystems. The thesis proposes explanatory and prescriptive frameworks for the design of the necessary interventions. At a micro level, the frameworks developed can be applied to the management and further development of existing industrial ecosystems, while at a macro level, they can be used by policy makers in the development of strategies aiming at the diffusion of the eco-industrial paradigm.

A tecnologia de agentes tem sido reconhecida como um paradigma promissor em sistemas educacionais da nova geração. Entretanto, o esforço e inflexibilidade de algumas metodologias próprias para agentesacarretam num alto custo, tempo e adaptação de escopo. Este trabalho visaavaliar alternativas de desenvolvimento de um jogo educacional médico orientado a agentes, através da aplicação de um estudo de caso, com o intuito de verificar se metodologias próprias para implementação de sistemas multiagentes trazem benefícios no resultado final da implementação do jogo, e também se os resultados alcançados na comparação de processos de desenvolvimento de cunho tradicional e ágil fazem diferença no resultado final. Desta forma, este trabalho compara três metodologias baseadas nos conceitos da Engenharia de Software através de um estudo de caso, sendo elas: O-MaSE que é uma metodologiatradicional de desenvolvimento de sistemas multiagentes e utiliza um processo de desenvolvimento tradicional; AgilePASSI que é baseada no processo de desenvolvimento ágil e específica para sistemas multiagentes; e, por último, Scrum que é uma metodologia ágil, não sendo específica para implementação de sistemas multiagentes / The agent technology has been recognized as a promising paradigm in educational systems of the new generation. However, the effort and inflexibility of some specific methodologies entail a high cost, time and adaptation scope. This work aims to validate options for developing an educational medical game oriented agents by applying an experiment in order to verify that methodologies specific to implement multi-agent systems provide benefits in the result of the implementation of the game, and also the results achieved by comparison of traditional and agile development processes makes a difference in the outcome. Thus, this paper compares three approaches based on the concepts of software engineering through an experiment, as follows: O-MaSE is a traditional methodology for the development of multi-agent systems and uses a traditional development process; AgilePASSI which is based on agile and specific development for multi-agent systems; and finally, Scrum that is an agile methodology, not specific to implementation of multi-agent systems.

A tecnologia de agentes tem sido reconhecida como um paradigma promissor em sistemas educacionais da nova geração. Entretanto, o esforço e inflexibilidade de algumas metodologias próprias para agentesacarretam num alto custo, tempo e adaptação de escopo. Este trabalho visaavaliar alternativas de desenvolvimento de um jogo educacional médico orientado a agentes, através da aplicação de um estudo de caso, com o intuito de verificar se metodologias próprias para implementação de sistemas multiagentes trazem benefícios no resultado final da implementação do jogo, e também se os resultados alcançados na comparação de processos de desenvolvimento de cunho tradicional e ágil fazem diferença no resultado final. Desta forma, este trabalho compara três metodologias baseadas nos conceitos da Engenharia de Software através de um estudo de caso, sendo elas: O-MaSE que é uma metodologiatradicional de desenvolvimento de sistemas multiagentes e utiliza um processo de desenvolvimento tradicional; AgilePASSI que é baseada no processo de desenvolvimento ágil e específica para sistemas multiagentes; e, por último, Scrum que é uma metodologia ágil, não sendo específica para implementação de sistemas multiagentes / The agent technology has been recognized as a promising paradigm in educational systems of the new generation. However, the effort and inflexibility of some specific methodologies entail a high cost, time and adaptation scope. This work aims to validate options for developing an educational medical game oriented agents by applying an experiment in order to verify that methodologies specific to implement multi-agent systems provide benefits in the result of the implementation of the game, and also the results achieved by comparison of traditional and agile development processes makes a difference in the outcome. Thus, this paper compares three approaches based on the concepts of software engineering through an experiment, as follows: O-MaSE is a traditional methodology for the development of multi-agent systems and uses a traditional development process; AgilePASSI which is based on agile and specific development for multi-agent systems; and finally, Scrum that is an agile methodology, not specific to implementation of multi-agent systems.