Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:26:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:26:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Com uma área plantada de cerca de 21 milhões de hectares, e uma produção anual de 60 milhões de toneladas em 2008, o Brasil é hoje o segundo maior produtor de soja no mundo, com pouco mais de um quarto da produção mundial. A presença de flavonóides, em particular isoflavonas em produtos de soja, tem sido relatada como importante para a saúde humana. Foi sugerido também que esses compostos estariam envolvidos na proteção contra a radiação UV de componentes celulares vitais das plantas. A espectroscopia por ressonância paramagnética eletrônica (RPE) pode medir radicais livres resultantes do processo de irradiação. A RPE tem sido empregada com sucesso na detecção de certos produtos comestíveis irradiados. Ao todo vinte e uma cultivares brasileiras de soja, provenientes de duas safras, tratadas por radiação gama de 60Co foram estudadas através de RPE. Foi calculada a correlação entre os teores parciais e totais de isoflavonas e a intensidade do pico central observado nos espectros de RPE (fator g = 2,0039). Não houve correlação entre o sinal e os teores totais de isoflavonas, mas observou-se correlações negativas com gliciteína e acetil-daidzina. Mesmo após 7 meses da irradiação, a intensidade do sinal central de RPE manteve-se a ponto de poder identificar amostras irradiadas. Espectros com partes da soja, particularmente o hilo e a casca, mostraram-se mais eficientes do que aqueles com o grão todo para serem utilizados na identificação de soja irradiada. A radiação não alterou de modo significativo os teores totais de isoflavonas, embora haja indícios de que alguma conversão da forma glicosilada para a aglicona tenha ocorrido. / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:51:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:05:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 11245.pdf: 3839008 bytes, checksum: 2374cc538329b29558236be14950ccdf (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:44:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:07:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 06916.pdf: 11842255 bytes, checksum: 3613e123a5688532ff6194076f7f0e1a (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:51:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:08:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 11306.pdf: 5168610 bytes, checksum: bc65302ba021a7b116fa1e5360103483 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia) / IPEN/D-MPLO / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo

The development and transition of optical fiber sensors from experimental stage to practical applications largely depends on manufacturing cost and simplicity. To date, in-fiber grating sensors are largely manufactured by ultraviolet lasers despite higher fabrication cost and complexity. Besides, ultraviolet radiation can only write gratings in doped fibers. Therefore, reaping the benefits of existing fibers such as pure silica fiber, photonics crystal fibers etc. cannot be achieved using this technique. In contrast, uses of ultra-fast lasers have the potential to eliminate or minimize those drawbacks. However, extensive fabrication and packaging research is required for ultrafast laser technology to mature and offer grating based sensors fabrication in industrial scale. This dissertation presents design and fabrication of fiber optic sensors using femtosecond laser for measurement of ambient refractive index and temperature. The femtosecond laser operating at 780 nm with pulse duration of 172 fs and pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz is used to study bulk index modification and fabricate fiber long period and short period gratings. Effective and reliable fabrication of in-fiber gratings requires spatial control of refractive index written in optical fiber. With an aim to better control spatial index modulation in direct ultrafast writing, primary focus of this work is given to write single-shot submicron periodic voids in bulk glass. Femtosecond pulse filamentation in glass is studied to understand the morphology of bulk index change written by ultrashort pulses. Laser writing parameters (such as beam diameter, pulse energy, scanning speed, depth of focus, etc.) are then further tuned to write pulse filamentation induced refractive index change in optical fibers suitable for fiber grating fabrication. In order to design and tailor grating’s spectrum, measurement of in-fiber index is introduced in this work. We propose fiber Bragg grating based Fabry-Perot cavity structure (cavity length, L= 10 mm) to characterize femtosecond pulse filamentation induced refractive index change in the core of standard SMF. In addition, Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is proposed as an alternative yet effective and low cost tool to measure in-fiber index change. Comsol simulation is used to validate the quantification of index change. Measured index change is used in Optiwave simulation to design fiber long period gratings in standard telecommunication and pure silica core fibers. To increase fabrication reliability, we introduce inscription of helical long period gratings using a custom made rotary stage. Tapered photonic crystal and microfiber based Mach-Zehnder interferometer is also investigated for ambient refractive index measurement. Miniature fiber Bragg grating written in microfiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used in this work for multi-parameter sensing as well as temperature compensated refractive index sensing. Microfiber Bragg gratings buried in materials of higher thermal expansion coefficient is also proposed to significantly enhance temperature sensitivity. / Graduate / 0548, 0794, 0775 / fariduvic@gmail.com