published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Philosophy

The Tang dynasty (618-907) is often referred to as a golden age of Buddhism in China. This research, concentrated on the first half of the dynasty (618-755), shows that Buddhism's impact on Tang aristocratic society has been overestimated. Looking at models of the familial and social order that one can extract from the Tang Code as well as from some literary works of the period, the picture emerging is that Tang society was a highly stratified one, and based on Confucian values. Buddhism, in order to establish and maintain itself in China, had to compromise with those values. However, its efforts to conciliate its doctrine with some Confucian precepts did not suffice to prevent its decline. Ultimately, Confucian values were reaffirmed as the sole basis of Chinese society, and remained so until the end of the Qing dynasty, in 1911.

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

本文以「從禮樂到生民:論中唐樂府的復興與新變」為題，試圖將中唐樂府放入當時思想、政治與文化的新格局中，探討其創作及觀念之特徵，並對盛、中唐之際的文學發展與中唐樂府的革新提出新的解釋。 / 已往之研究往往強調中唐樂府「刺時」的一面，而歸因於中唐的政治狀況。但本文認為，就題材來說，中唐樂府並非僅有「刺時」的內容，亦有大量的風俗描寫; 就原因而言，政治固然是因素之一，然絶非唯一因素。其背後還涉及詩學觀念的轉向與文人身份的變化。 / 本文指出，盛、中唐之際文人對於「風雅」或者「詩教」的觀念發生了變化。盛唐以前對「教化」的理解總與「禮樂」相伴，認為只要行禮樂便可以達到教化的目的，強調「禮樂」的作用自然凸顯《詩經》「上以風化下」的一端，而非「下以風刺上」的一面。至盛唐末期，這種觀念受到挑戰，文人對詩教的理解從頌讚的雅頌走向諷刺的國風，而最後刺時之文也獲得了正當性。中唐樂府的興盛與這種詩學觀念的轉變有著密切的關係。 / 本文認為，中唐文人的政治身分變化與中唐樂府的變化亦有密切關係。初盛唐文人少做地方官，至中唐，長期擔任地方官的文人比例大增。他們在觀念上調和「儒」、「吏」關係，更多地認同「循吏」的價值與傳統，使得地方官文人與漢良二千石的傳統銜接。他們以「循吏」的眼光在地方進行創作，為樂府的「觀風」職能提供良好的背景。 / 觀念的轉向、文人身份的變化，加之當時的政治狀況，造成了中唐樂府的興盛，也造就其獨特之特徵。本文對張籍、王建樂府在盛中唐樂府演變中的作用與地位提出了新的論述，認為張、王的樂府唱和，繼承、改造了盛唐李白和杜甫新、古題樂府的創作形式，體現了盛唐末年所開啟的「風雅」詮釋方式，而以興諷刺時作為樂府的主要內容，為其後的元、白樂府提供了借鏡。本文指出，中唐樂府雖然繼承了漢樂府「觀風」的傳統，但在題材內容上有所擴大。漢代，「樂府」作為中央官署，其「采詩」的主要目的是考察地方吏治，對於地方風土風俗則沒有太大興趣，但中唐樂府對此一題材卻有大量的書寫。「風俗」題材的興起與當代儒學關注點從「禮樂」轉向「生民」有關。「生民」既成為評判政治優劣的標準，「生民」的活動自然被納入創作的視野。論文認為，從文體角度說，中唐的樂府作者雖在主觀上排斥六朝傳統，但在樂府的命題以及表現方式上依然深受六朝的影響。 / 論文還考察了與新樂府創作相應的一套詩學論述，發現中唐詩人提出了所謂樂府「正聲」的觀念，以對抗初、盛唐樂府的觀念。不僅如此，中唐的樂府觀念還與「史官」、「諫官」的意識相互滲透，使得本為詩歌所獨有的「采風」觀念擴散到詩歌以外的文類，而本為樂府所關注的獨特題材也進入其他文體的書寫當中。 / This thesis focusing on Yuefuin the Mid-Tang dynasty,discusses its characteristicsin the new pattern of thought, politics and culture. The thesis tries to provide a new explanation for the literature development in the Mid-Tang. / Existing researches often emphasized the relation between yuefu and political reality. However, political reality was not the only theme reflected in yuefu, the description of customs was included. Politic was not the mere reason. Literati’s political identitywas changed and the existing tradition of "praise and criticize" from the Han dynasty was also transformed. / The thesis pointed out that the idea of "Fengya" or "poetic education" was changed from the High-Tang to the Mid-Tang dynasty. "Civilization", usually relating to "rites and music", was considered to be successful in the High-Tang dynasty. Therefore, literature was encouraged to praise the dynasty while criticism was ignored. This idea faced challenged from the end of the High-Tang dynasty, and the "poetic education" was lead to "criticize" instead of "praise". The prosperity of yuefu in the Mid-Tang dynasty was closely allied to the new idea. / Meanwhile, literati’s political identity changed. Most of them were local officials.Travelling within a wider area activated them to identify the "liangqiandan" tradition from the Han dynasty and to write in a "moral official’s" sight. / The change of idea, literati identity as well as political reality provided an environment for yuefu creation in the Mid-Tang dynasty. The thesis provides a new exposition for Zhang Ji and Wang Jian’s positions in this literature development. Zhang and Wang wrote poems in replies. They continued or reformed Li Bai and Du Fu’s yuefu works and represented the new idea of "Fengya" in their works, which provided experience for Yuen Zhen and Bai Juyi later. At the same time, the concept of "Guan Feng" was broadened. Han "Yuefu", as a central office, collected poems to look at local politics with no interest in local customs. However, yuefu in the Mid-Tang dynasty viewed customs as a mean subject of writing. The literati subjectively excluded the tradition of the Six dynasties, but were in fact influenced by this tradition. Besides, customs as a literary subject related to the transform of contemporary Confucianism. When literati viewed "people", not "ritesand music" as the basic of civilization in the political field, people’s activities became a literary theme with justification. / Finally, yuefu developed a standard for itself as poets concerned their works on the field. Poets raised "canon" of yuefu againstthe verse written in the Early and High-Tang dynasty. And the idea about yuefu penetrated with the sense of both historian and remonstrating officials when it came to mature. The idea of "folk song collection", coming down from yuefu was broadened and literary themes originally belonged to yuefu were written by other literary forms. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 呂家慧 = From rising "rites and music" to viewing "people": the research on yuefu poem in the Mid-Tang dynasty / Lu Chia Hui. / Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 251-256). / Abstracts also in English. / Lü Jiahui = From rising "rites and music" to viewing "people" : the research on yuefu poem in the Mid-Tang dynasty / Lu Chia Hui.

龍詠怡. / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 1998. / 參考文獻: leaves i-xv. / 中英文摘要. / Long Yongyi. / Chapter 1. --- 導言 --- p.1 / Chapter 2. --- 試論唐人小說之宗敎主題 --- p.8 / Chapter 3. --- 方法論 / Chapter 3.1 --- 宗敎啓悟理論 --- p.14 / Chapter 3.2 --- 宗敎啓悟與文學 --- p.22 / Chapter 4. --- 版本與作者 / Chapter 4.1 --- 版本源流 --- p.30 / Chapter 4.2 --- 現今學者所採納之版本 --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3 --- 作者及寫作問題 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- 作者問題 --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- 寫作日期 --- p.38 / Chapter 5. --- 故事詮釋 / Chapter 5.1 --- 故事佈局 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- 時間設定 --- p.40 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- 地點設定 --- p.42 / Chapter 5.2 --- 故事人物 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- 呂翁 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- 身份 --- p.44 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- 啓悟導師之形像 --- p.47 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- 盧生 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- 受啓悟前之困及價値取向 --- p.51 / Chapter 5.2.6 --- 啓悟者之身份 --- p.56 / Chapter 5.3 --- 夢中世界 --- p.60 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- 夢中的啓悟試煉 --- p.63 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- 〈枕中記〉史實/小說 --- p.80 / Chapter 6. --- 總言 --- p.86 / 附錄 --- p.89 / 參考書目 --- p.i-xv

Lam Yee Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-103). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter one: --- The anthropocentrism/ androcentrism debate --- p.10 / Chapter Chapter two: --- Self/ nature relationships: Self Realization and the relational self --- p.37 / Chapter Chapter three: --- the self/ nature relation in Wang's object- oriented poems --- p.53 / Conclusion --- p.82 / Endnotes --- p.86 / Bibliography --- p.95

No description available.

University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities. / Department of Chinese

劉喜儀. / "二〇〇八年七月". / "2008 nian 7 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-157). / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Liu Xiyi. / 提要 --- p.i / 目錄 --- p.v / Chapter 第一章 --- 緒論 / Chapter 第一節 --- 硏究動機與目的 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 前人硏究之槪況 --- p.3 / Chapter 第三節 --- 硏究範圍及方法 --- p.7 / Chapter 第二章 --- 清代廣東的詞論 / Chapter 第一節 --- 清代廣東詞論的批評形式 --- p.10 / Chapter 第二節 --- 清代廣東詞論的特色 --- p.12 / Chapter 第三章 --- 譚瑩的生平、性格、交遊及文學風格 / Chapter 第一節 --- 譚瑩的生平 --- p.25 / Chapter 第二節 --- 譚瑩的性格 --- p.28 / Chapter 第三節 --- 譚瑩的交遊 --- p.30 / Chapter 第四節 --- 譚瑩的文學風格 --- p.37 / Chapter 第四章 --- 譚瑩《論詞絶句》審美旨趣探析 / Chapter 第一節 --- 兼重婉約、豪放的詞風 --- p.48 / Chapter 第二節 --- 重視詞的情感內容 --- p.64 / Chapter 第三節 --- 重視詞人的品格 --- p.78 / Chapter 第四節 --- 提出異於前人的見解 --- p.85 / Chapter 第五節 --- 餘論 --- p.95 / Chapter 第五章 --- 譚瑩《論詞絶句》的詞史觀 / Chapter 第一節 --- 論唐五代詞 --- p.104 / Chapter 第二節 --- 論北宋詞 --- p.108 / Chapter 第三節 --- 論南宋詞 --- p.109 / Chapter 第四節 --- 餘論 --- p.114 / Chapter 第六章 --- 譚瑩《論詞絶句》的表現手法 / Chapter 第一節 --- 造句的承襲 --- p.116 / Chapter 第二節 --- 以詞調名入詩 --- p.119 / Chapter 第三節 --- 用意翻案 --- p.121 / Chapter 第四節 --- 論人的對比 --- p.122 / Chapter 第五節 --- 以詩家喻詞人 --- p.123 / Chapter 第七章 --- 厲鶚、譚瑩論詞絶句比較 / Chapter 第一節 --- 厲鶚生平及其論詞主張槪述 --- p.126 / Chapter 第二節 --- 厲鶚、譚瑩論詞絶句體制比較 --- p.127 / Chapter 第三節 --- 厲鶚、譚瑩論詞絶句審美旨趣比較 --- p.131 / Chapter 第四節 --- 譚瑩《論詞絶句》與厲鶚〈論詞絶句〉的承傳關係 --- p.143 / Chapter 第八章 --- 結論 --- p.146 / 參考書目 / Chapter 一、 --- 專著 --- p.149 / Chapter 二、 --- 論文 --- p.154 / Chapter 三、 --- 網站 --- p.156 / 附錄 / 譚瑩《論詞絶句一百首》簡注