Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 1989. / Description based on print version record. Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-116).

Συστήματα μαγνητικών ταινιών χρησιμοποιούνται ευρέως ως μέσα αποθήκευσης και αποκατάστασης δεδομένων. Λόγω του χαμηλού τους κόστους αναλογικά των σκληρών δίσκων συνεχίζουν να προτιμούνται σε μεγάλο πλήθος εφαρμογών όπως δευτερεύουσες συσκευές αποθήκευσης, εγγραφής και επεξεργασίας ηχητικών δεδομένων,βιντεοκάμερες κ.ά. Σε περιπτώσεις όπου θέλουμε να επεξεργαστούμε μια μαγνητοταινία για γρήγορη μεταφορά ή εγγραφή δεδομένων θα πρέπει -η ταινία- να μεταφέρεται σε υψηλή ταχύτητα από το μηχανισμό του συστήματος. Η ταχύτητα αυτή να διατηρείται σταθερή και να βρίσκεται σε συγχρονισμό ε την κεφαλή ανάγνωσης/εγγραφής προς αποφυγή σφαλμάτων μεταφοράς και αναγνώρισης δεδομένων, αναπηδήσεων και χρονικών σφαλμάτων. Σε πιθανά σφάλματα η επαναφορά της ταινίας στο επιθυμητό σημείο αποτελεί τη λύση για την αποκατάσταση του σφάλματος. Η επιτάχυνση και επιβράδυνση που δέχεται η ταινία σε κάθε γρήγορη αναζήτηση δεδομένων προκαλούν τη μεγαλύτερη επιβάρυνση σε αυτή. Ειδικά η συχνή επανατοποθέτηση της ταινίας στο ίδιο ση είο λόγω της βαθμιαίας εξασθένισης του σήματος ανάγνωσης. Σκοπός είναι ο σχεδιασμός ενός μηχανισμού εταφοράς της ταινίας ο οποίος προσφέρει μια ικανοποιητική τάση στην ταινία όπως και ταχύτητα μεταφοράς αυτής. / Optimal control and estimation of a magnetic tape-drive system.

Este memorial consiste na reflexão estética e técnica do processo de composição musical realizado na peça Anamnesis, pertencente à área da Música Eletroacústica Mista, que configurou o trabalho artístico do curso de mestrado. O trabalho escrito está dividido em três partes: a primeira aborda a postura do compositor frente aos sons e a música, suas motivações, expectativas, influências e inspirações estéticas; a segunda compreende reflexões composicionais sobre o processo criativo, a descrição de procedimentos e técnicas adotadas, além do relato de dificuldades encontradas; a terceira apresenta uma reflexão da experiência após a realização da obra em recital e após a escrita das duas primeiras partes deste memorial, com a finalidade de identificar as contribuições para o desenvolvimento do compositor e para o meio musical. / This Masters Dissertation comprises an aesthetical and technical reflection on the compositional process of Anamnesis, a live electroacoustic music composition. It is divided into three sections, of which the first discusses the positioning of the composer in relation to sounds and music, his motivations, influences and aesthetical inspirations. The second part reflects on the creative process and describes its procedures and techniques, as well as the difficulties that arose during the composition. The third and last part presents a post-recital reflection and a reflection on the first two parts of the Dissertation. Its aim is to identify the contributions that this Masters Dissertation might present to its writer as well as to the musical milieu.

Objetivos: objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar a penetração cutânea da isotretinoína nanoencapsulada e livre utilizando técnicas de microdiálise e tape stripping in vitro. Métodos: A viabilidade da utilização da técnica de microdiálise para avaliar o perfil farmacocinético da isotretinoína após aplicação tópica foi investigada através da determinação da recuperação relativa (RR) in vitro por diálise e retrodiálise. A influência da concentração, do fluxo de perfusão e a ligação do fármaco à tubulação das sondas de microdiálise foram investigadas. A metodologia analítica para quantificação do fármaco em microdialisado foi validada. Em seguida, as penetrações cutâneas da isotretinoína livre e nanoencapsulada incorporada em géis hidrofílicos foram comparadas através da técnica de tape stripping in vitro em células de difusão de Franz utilizando pele humana e pele de porco. Para garantir a integridade das formulações, a estabilidade físico-química das mesmas foi avaliada. Os resultados de penetração cutânea foram comparados com os resultados in vivo obtidos em trabalho prévio do grupo de pesquisa. Resultados e Conclusões: Um método analítico simples e rápido para a determinação de isotretinoína em microdialisado foi validado de acordo com o FDA. A RR mostrou-se concentração independente e observou-se que há diferenças significativas entre as RR avaliadas pelos dois métodos utilizados, sendo a recuperação por retrodiálise 2,7 a 3,5 vezes superior que a obtida por diálise para os fluxos investigados. O fármaco aderiu às tubulações da sonda de microdiálise devido à sua lipofilicidade. Os hidrogéis de isotretinoína apresentaram estabilidade durante 2 meses de estocagem à 4 °C. Os experimentos de tape stripping in vitro mostraram que a isotretinoína não foi encontrada no compartimento receptor após 8 h, para ambas as formulações. A nanoencapsulação aumentou a penetração e prolongou a liberação da isotretinoína no estrato córneo de ambas as peles. A penetração cutânea em ambas as peles mostrou proporções similares para as duas formulações embora diferentes quantidades de fármaco tenham sido detectadas no estrato córneo. A pele de porco, mais permeável que a pele humana, é apropriada para prever a penetração cutânea da isotretinoína no estrato córneo humano in vitro (R = 0,79). O método in vitro não foi capaz de prever a penetração cutânea da isotretinoína in vivo. / Objectives: The aim of the present work was to assess the cutaneous penetration of isotretinoin free and loaded into polymeric nanocapsules using microdialysis and tape stripping in vitro. Methods: The feasibility of using microdialysis to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of isotretinoin after topical application was investigated through assessment of relative recovery (RR) in vitro by dialysis and retrodialysis. The influence of isotretinoin concentration, perfusion flow rate and drug binding to the probes were determined. The analytical method for quantification of microdialysate samples was validated. Furthermore the cutaneous penetration of isotretinoin free and loaded nanocapsules incorporated in hydrogel formulations were compared by tape stripping in vitro using Franz-type diffusion cells with excised human and pig skin. In order to ensure the integrity of the formulations used in this study, the chemical and physical stabilities were evaluated. The results of cutaneous penetration were compared with the results of tape stripping in vivo acquired in a previous study of our group. Results and Conclusions: A simple and rapid analytical method for quantification of isotretinoin in microdialysate samples was validated according to FDA. RR was concentration independent but method dependent under the conditions investigated being the retrodialysis recovery 3.5 to 2.7 times higher than the dialysis. Isotretinoin bound to the microdialysis tubing due to its high lipophilicity. The hydrogels showed storage stability for 2 months at 4 °C. In vitro tape stripping in human and pig skin showed that no isotretinoin reaches the receptor compartment for both formulations up to 8 h. Nanoencapsulation increased isotretinoin skin penetration for both stratum cornea and prolonged drug release. Similar proportion of cutaneous penetration for human and pig skin were observed although different amounts of drug were detected at the stratum corneum of both skin specimens. Pig skin, more permeable than human skin, is suitable for predicting cutaneous penetration of isotretinoin in humans in vitro (R = 0.79). The in vitro experiments were not suitable to reflect the in vivo results for percutaneous penetration of isotretinoin.

The purpose of the study was to develop and evaluate a series of video-tape lessons to supplement the traditional lecture-discussion method of teaching a college course in advanced music theory. The specific problems investigated were: 1) to evaluate the effect of video-tape material on achievement in an advanced music theory course. 2) To assess the effect of the video-tape materials on the achievement in harmony, keyboard, sight singing, and ear training for students who had differential learning ability levels. 3) To assess the attitudes toward music theory and the use of the supplemental lessons. 4) To assess attitudes toward music theory and the use of the supplemental lessons and achievement for all students involved in the study. Analysis of co-variance, simple analysis of variance, t tests, and Pearson correlations produced statistical results that led to the following conclusions: 1) Students who used the video-tape supplemental lessons did not score higher on achievement tests in harmony, keyboard, sight singing, and ear training than the students who did not use those lessons. 2) Students who used the video-tape lessons had greater variance among the ability levels on the achievement tests; and for those using the lessons, students in the low beginning-ability level did not achieve at a corresponding rate with the students in the high and middle levels. 3) Attitudes toward music theory and the use of supplemental materials were less positive for the students who used the video-tape lessons. 4) Among all participants of the evaluation, a significant relationship was found between attitudes toward music theory and the use of supplemental materials and achievement in music theory.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-01-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:34:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 andrade_la_me_botfca.pdf: 1207218 bytes, checksum: c40efa691ed75ddb73200db6e9eaa325 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / A irrigação por gotejamento no Brasil ganhou novo impulso a partir dos anos 90, quando diversas empresas internacionais especializadas neste mercado aportaram por aqui. Alguns destes produtos que estão no mercado, quando apresentam informações técnicas, normalmente não estão em Português. A existência de normas de avaliação que sejam aceitas pela comunidade tem grande valia para os que escolhem, projetam, compram, instalam, operam e avaliam equipamentos de irrigação. Uma norma estabelecida representa o estado da arte em sua área de atuação. A ISO 9261:2004 é uma norma internacional que orienta como avaliar e especificar gotejadores (emissores com vazão menor ou igual a 24 L.h-1) e entre outras informações, defini o que é uma mangueira gotejadora colapsável, ou fita do Inglês tape. O ensaio de resistência à tensão conforme a ISO 9261:2004 é uma ferramenta útil para classificar um modelo de mangueira gotejadora em reutilizável e não reutilizável. A mangueira reutilizável pode ser removida do campo e ser reinstalada de uma época de cultivo para outra. A mangueira gotejadora não reutilizável não é adequada para ser removida do campo para outra reinstalação. O objetivo deste estudo foi a de aplicar a ISO 9261:2004 na avaliação de mangueiras gotejadoras colapsáveis, daqui em diante citada como mangueira (s) gotejadora (s). No Laboratório de Irrigação da Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho - Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, ensaiou-se duas mangueiras gotejadoras de acordo com a norma ISO 9261:2004. Uma marca é o Golden Drip fabricado na Coréia do Sul pela empresa Seo Won Inc, e a outra é um protótipo em fase de testes, codificado como P2015, da empresa Petroisa Brasil. Os dois produtos avaliados não foram especificados e/ou fabricados de acordo com a norma ISO 9261. As duas mangueiras gotejadoras são similares visualmente... / Drip irrigation systems in Brazilian Market have had an increase after 90`s, when several expertise international corporations in that business came here. Some drip tapes that farmers can find in Brazilian Market, donþt have technical information in Portuguese language. Standards in their respective areas can be important tools for people who select, design, purchase, install, operate and evaluate irrigation equipment. 5 The ISO 9261:2004 gives mechanical and functional requirements for agricultural irrigation emitters and emitting pipes, and, provides methods for testing conformity with such requirements. It also specifies the data to be supplied by the manufacturer to permit correct information, installation and operation in the field. It is applicable to emitters, emitting and dripping (trickling) pipes, hoses, including collapsible hoses (tapes) and tubing of which the emitting units form an integral part, to emitters and emitting units with or without pressure regulation and with flow rates not exceeding 24 L.h-1 per outlet. It is not applicable to porous pipe, nor does it cover the performance of pipes as regards clogging. The carry out the resistence to tension for emitting pipe is a good tool to classify in non-reusable and reusable emitting pipes. Non-reusable emitting pipe is not intended for removal from the field and reinstallation. Reusable emitting pipe is designed for removal from the field and reinstallation with proper handling from one season to another or under other circumstances. This work was developed at the Irrigation Laboratory - UNESP to evaluate two drip collapsible hose (P2015 and Golden Drip) according to ISO 9261:2004. The Golden Drip is a commercial product from South Korea and P2015 is an industrial prototype from Petroisa Brasil. Both drip tape are similar. The raw material is basic polyethylene resin added with UV protection...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds that are composed by at least two aromatic rings. PAHs can be found in coal and petroleum, but can also be formed from incomplete combustion of for example fossil fuels, tobacco, wood and when smoking food. PAHs has been shown to cause several health risks such as carcinogenic effects, which led to that the U.S Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) selected 16 PAHs as priority pollutants. Those 16 PAHs is usually analysed when investigating PAH exposure. To analyze dermal exposure of PAHs a tape-stripping technique can be used. The tape-stripping method involves that a tape piece is placed on the skin to absorb the present PAHs and then the tape is removed and the PAHs can be extracted and cleaned-up from the tape. The aim of this study is to optimize a recently elaborated clean-up method for PAHs sampled by the tape-stripping technique. Also, to apply the method and measure the dermal exposure of 16 PAHs among soil remediation workers. Two clean-up methods were evaluated, Florisil SPE columns and deactivated silica (10%). Clean-up using Florisil columns were evaluated using 10 and 12 ml of n-hexane. For elution, poor recoveries were achieved for both elution volumes tested. On the other hand, tests using deactivated silica generated good recoveries for both elution solvents tested (i.e. 4 ml n-hexane:dichloromethane + 4 ml dichloromethane and 8 ml n-hexane). As for the elution solvents, no significant difference could be seen in the recoveries and the mixture of n-hexane and dichloromethane was used for the real samples. The dermal exposure of PAHs for the soil remediation workers were investigated using dermal tapes from the palm and neck of 18 soil remediation workers. Samples from the palm were sampled before and after a working day and there was a small difference between the total PAH concentration before and after a work-shift. For all categories of workers (office staff, machine operators and persons performing sampling) an increase in dermal concentration of PAHs could be observed for ten of the workers, but this increase were highest among the workers active in taking samples at the contaminated site. However, an increase in PAH exposure was not observed for all study participants and possible this is due to hand-washing after toilet visits. Overall, the concentrations of PAHs on the dermal samples from soil remediation workers were low, especially in comparison to other occupations such as chimney sweeps and pavers where PAH exposure is known to exist. The detected PAHs on the dermal tapes corresponded to PAH profiles in soil samples from the site.

Objetivos: objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar a penetração cutânea da isotretinoína nanoencapsulada e livre utilizando técnicas de microdiálise e tape stripping in vitro. Métodos: A viabilidade da utilização da técnica de microdiálise para avaliar o perfil farmacocinético da isotretinoína após aplicação tópica foi investigada através da determinação da recuperação relativa (RR) in vitro por diálise e retrodiálise. A influência da concentração, do fluxo de perfusão e a ligação do fármaco à tubulação das sondas de microdiálise foram investigadas. A metodologia analítica para quantificação do fármaco em microdialisado foi validada. Em seguida, as penetrações cutâneas da isotretinoína livre e nanoencapsulada incorporada em géis hidrofílicos foram comparadas através da técnica de tape stripping in vitro em células de difusão de Franz utilizando pele humana e pele de porco. Para garantir a integridade das formulações, a estabilidade físico-química das mesmas foi avaliada. Os resultados de penetração cutânea foram comparados com os resultados in vivo obtidos em trabalho prévio do grupo de pesquisa. Resultados e Conclusões: Um método analítico simples e rápido para a determinação de isotretinoína em microdialisado foi validado de acordo com o FDA. A RR mostrou-se concentração independente e observou-se que há diferenças significativas entre as RR avaliadas pelos dois métodos utilizados, sendo a recuperação por retrodiálise 2,7 a 3,5 vezes superior que a obtida por diálise para os fluxos investigados. O fármaco aderiu às tubulações da sonda de microdiálise devido à sua lipofilicidade. Os hidrogéis de isotretinoína apresentaram estabilidade durante 2 meses de estocagem à 4 °C. Os experimentos de tape stripping in vitro mostraram que a isotretinoína não foi encontrada no compartimento receptor após 8 h, para ambas as formulações. A nanoencapsulação aumentou a penetração e prolongou a liberação da isotretinoína no estrato córneo de ambas as peles. A penetração cutânea em ambas as peles mostrou proporções similares para as duas formulações embora diferentes quantidades de fármaco tenham sido detectadas no estrato córneo. A pele de porco, mais permeável que a pele humana, é apropriada para prever a penetração cutânea da isotretinoína no estrato córneo humano in vitro (R = 0,79). O método in vitro não foi capaz de prever a penetração cutânea da isotretinoína in vivo. / Objectives: The aim of the present work was to assess the cutaneous penetration of isotretinoin free and loaded into polymeric nanocapsules using microdialysis and tape stripping in vitro. Methods: The feasibility of using microdialysis to determine the pharmacokinetic profile of isotretinoin after topical application was investigated through assessment of relative recovery (RR) in vitro by dialysis and retrodialysis. The influence of isotretinoin concentration, perfusion flow rate and drug binding to the probes were determined. The analytical method for quantification of microdialysate samples was validated. Furthermore the cutaneous penetration of isotretinoin free and loaded nanocapsules incorporated in hydrogel formulations were compared by tape stripping in vitro using Franz-type diffusion cells with excised human and pig skin. In order to ensure the integrity of the formulations used in this study, the chemical and physical stabilities were evaluated. The results of cutaneous penetration were compared with the results of tape stripping in vivo acquired in a previous study of our group. Results and Conclusions: A simple and rapid analytical method for quantification of isotretinoin in microdialysate samples was validated according to FDA. RR was concentration independent but method dependent under the conditions investigated being the retrodialysis recovery 3.5 to 2.7 times higher than the dialysis. Isotretinoin bound to the microdialysis tubing due to its high lipophilicity. The hydrogels showed storage stability for 2 months at 4 °C. In vitro tape stripping in human and pig skin showed that no isotretinoin reaches the receptor compartment for both formulations up to 8 h. Nanoencapsulation increased isotretinoin skin penetration for both stratum cornea and prolonged drug release. Similar proportion of cutaneous penetration for human and pig skin were observed although different amounts of drug were detected at the stratum corneum of both skin specimens. Pig skin, more permeable than human skin, is suitable for predicting cutaneous penetration of isotretinoin in humans in vitro (R = 0.79). The in vitro experiments were not suitable to reflect the in vivo results for percutaneous penetration of isotretinoin.

Este memorial consiste na reflexão estética e técnica do processo de composição musical realizado na peça Anamnesis, pertencente à área da Música Eletroacústica Mista, que configurou o trabalho artístico do curso de mestrado. O trabalho escrito está dividido em três partes: a primeira aborda a postura do compositor frente aos sons e a música, suas motivações, expectativas, influências e inspirações estéticas; a segunda compreende reflexões composicionais sobre o processo criativo, a descrição de procedimentos e técnicas adotadas, além do relato de dificuldades encontradas; a terceira apresenta uma reflexão da experiência após a realização da obra em recital e após a escrita das duas primeiras partes deste memorial, com a finalidade de identificar as contribuições para o desenvolvimento do compositor e para o meio musical. / This Masters Dissertation comprises an aesthetical and technical reflection on the compositional process of Anamnesis, a live electroacoustic music composition. It is divided into three sections, of which the first discusses the positioning of the composer in relation to sounds and music, his motivations, influences and aesthetical inspirations. The second part reflects on the creative process and describes its procedures and techniques, as well as the difficulties that arose during the composition. The third and last part presents a post-recital reflection and a reflection on the first two parts of the Dissertation. Its aim is to identify the contributions that this Masters Dissertation might present to its writer as well as to the musical milieu.

Cette thèse concerne l'étude de la dynamique instable du front de détachement d'un ruban adhésif lors de son pelage à vitesse constante depuis un substrat plan. Nous avons en particulier mis en évidence le rôle essentiel de l'inertie du ruban sur cette instabilité.Dans un premier temps, nous avons réalisé une étude expérimentale des différentes dynamiques macroscopiques du front, observé par imagerie rapide, en fonction de la vitesse et de l'angle de pelage. Un régime constitué d'oscillations sinusoïdales en vitesse a alors été mis en évidence à la transition entre le pelage régulier et l'instabilité de stick-slip. Un modèle théorique, prenant en compte l'inertie du ruban, et sa résolution numérique ont permis de retrouver les différentes dynamiques observées, ainsi que les caractéristiques de ces oscillations.D'autre part, l'instabilité de stick-slip microscopique, récemment découverte, a également été étudiée. Nous avons caractérisé l'amplitude des avancées saccadées en fonction de la vitesse et de l'angle de pelage, mais également des propriétés physiques du ruban (masse et module de flexion). Son évolution avec ces différents paramètres est en accord avec une modélisation dynamique du front de détachement, couplant énergie de courbure et énergie cinétique du ruban. / This thesis presents the study of the unstable dynamics of the detachment front of an adhesive tape peeled at constant velocity from a flat surface. We could specifically highlight the essential role of the ribbon inertia on this instability.On one hand, we have performed an experimental study of the different front dynamics at macroscopic scales, observed by fast imaging, as a function of the peeling velocity and peeling angle. We could find a novel dynamical regime with sinusoidal oscillations of the detachment front velocity at the transition between regular peeling and stick-slip motion. A theoretical model taking into account the ribbon inertia, and its numerical resolution allow to explain the different dynamics observed, and furthermore, the characteristics of those velocity oscillations.On the other hand, the recently discovered microscopic stick-slip instability has also been studied. We have characterized the amplitude of the corresponding slips as a function of the peeling velocity and peeling angle, but also, as a function of the ribbon properties (mass and bending modulus). We show that a dynamical model coupling bending and kinetic energy of the ribbon can explain its evolution with these different parameters.