This study was a research on the effects of the change in the tax system on small medium sized enterprises. Its focus was in Swaziland. It concludes by giving recommendations on how the tax system can be improved in view of what have succeeded in other countries with an almost similar economy. It also recommends more research in this field.

This study was a research on the effects of the change in the tax system on small medium sized enterprises. Its focus was in Swaziland. It concludes by giving recommendations on how the tax system can be improved in view of what have succeeded in other countries with an almost similar economy. It also recommends more research in this field.

The first chapter (with Richard Arnott) considers an atomistic developer who decides when and at what density to develop his land, under a property value tax system characterized by three time-invariant tax rates. The second chapter adds to the controversial literature on private annuities. The third chapter examines whether a parent's illness causes adult children to provide their parents with financial assistance. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2004. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.

Diss. Stockholm : Tekn. högsk., 2006.

The main aim of the Master`s thesis is to compare and evaluate the system of flat tax in the Baltic States and the Slovak Republic. In the first chapter the reader will learn about a brief history of the flat tax and the general terms that relate to the topic. The second and third chapter is devoted to an analysis of the tax systems in the countries surveyed. This thesis analyzes the political and economic situation of each country before the tax reform, a description of the tax systems as originally introduced and changes over time to present. The last chapter is devoted to a detailed analysis of macroeconomic indicators in the form of graphs and verbal descriptions. Finally, in the section "4.6 The overall assessment" there is a summary of the gathered facts and the impact of flat tax on the economy of each relevant country.

India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, today the three independent states, were once part of one of the colonies of Great Britain. This thesis briefly describes the former colonial taxation and then concentrates on the tax systems in these developing countries. Then the tax systems are compared. It is assessed how systems are doing in the current conditions of globalization and whether the features of its tax systems confirm typical features for developing countries.

La coexistence de différents systèmes de revenus se confrontes structurellement à un ordonnancement qui promeut l'intégration économique. Est-ce que le droit européen, en accord avec ces exigences, prévoit des solutions pour la répartition du pouvoir impositif entre Etats membres ? En particulier, est ce que la coexistence de tels pouvoirs implique comme son homonyme (imposé par le droit communautaire), la reconnaissance nécessaire d'une priorité dans la taxation des revenustransnationaux, appartenant à l'un plutôt qu'à l'autre des Etats membres ? Les principes fondamentaux du droit européen – indiqués dans les Traités instituant les Communautés Européennes – n'offrent aucun appui certain pour affirmer l'existence de tels paramètres de répartition, et, de manière plus générale, il est bien plus difficile d'établir si ces mêmes principes de droit européen impliquent un ensemble de règles de coordination, auquel la prétention fiscale des Etats membres doit être conforme. / The coexistence of different income tax systems is structurally antithetic to a system – the EU one – which promotes economic integration. Does EU law, in accordance with these scopes, provide solutions for the distribution of tax powers between member states? In particular, does the coexistence of those tax powers imply the recognition of a “priority” in taxation of cross-border income, belonging to one rather than the other Member States? The fundamental principles of EU law – see the EU Treaties – offer no support to affirm the existence of such distribution parameters and, more generally, it is much more difficult to determine whether these same principles of European law involve a set of coordination rules, which the tax claim of the Member States must comply.

This thesis focuses on the comparison of tax reform in four selected OECD countries. For the purposes of this study were chosen following countries: Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany and the United States of America. The aim is to make mutual comparison of tax reforms. In all these countries, especially in the last ten years many changes and each country is dealt with differently. While the Czech Republic and Slovakia seek to adapt to EU legislation, tax system and then fairer taxation, in Germany, the main objective was to reduce the tax cost of labor and in the USA modernization, simplification and computerization of taxation. The first part of this thesis explains the tax reform and its historical development up to the present economic crisis. The second part describes the tax systems and reforms in each country. In the last chapter there is a mutual comparison of these reforms from different perspectives and at the end are a few suggestions for future reforms.

Tax systems in Latin America have played a very important role as the main, and in some cases the only, means of obtaining revenue to finance the major public expenditure that is necessary for the work of the states through time. Below is a short review of the main aspects of tax systems in the región, with emphasis on the impact of taxes on income in force in the majorLatin American countries, as well as a brief explanation of the network of agreements to avoid double taxation that are in force in each of them. / Los sistemas tributarios en América Latina han jugado un rol muy importante como los principales, y en algunos casos los únicos, medios de obtención de ingresos públicos para financiar los ingentes gastos públicos necesarios para el quehacer de los estados a través de los tiempos. A continuación se presenta una pequeña reseña de los principales aspectos delos sistemas tributarios en la región, con énfasis en el impacto de los impuestos a la renta vigentes en los principales países de América Latina. Asimismo, se incluye una breve explicación de la red de convenios para evitar la doble imposición, vigentes en cada uno de dichos países.

The main objective of this diploma thesis is to analyze the development of tax revenue as percentage of gross domestic product in the Czech Republic in years 1996 {--} 2007 and to assess the political and economic causes of this development. We use the macroeconomic indicator, so-called "Tax share" to compare the tax burden in time and area in individual countries. The Tax share is calculated as the ratio of tax revenue to GDP. We make a difference between tax revenue including social security contribution and tax revenue excluding social security contribution. This thesis is interested in tax revenue including social security. The first part of this thesis is focused on possibilities of comparing tax systems of individual countries, of their restrictions and confrontations. This part also explains what is the tax share exactly and the sorts of this macroeconomic indicator. The practical part of the thesis is dedicated to analysis of the development of tax revenue as percentage of GDP in the Czech Republic in years 1996 {--} 2007, according to methodology of Eurostat. There is comparation in time horizont. We also compare the tax burden of Czech repulic in the area, respectively in the European Union (in EU 15, EU 25 and in Slovakia {--} post communist country of EU) and in the states of OECD. The methodology of OECD is different from the methodology of Eurostat.