The research work is dedicated to compose a computer – based model with graphic tests and computerese. The object of the research – actions with vulgar fractions. The usable teaching programmes in primary forms were analyzed. The requirements and the needs of such programmes were defined. The rules of the actions with fractions were depicted invoking action structuring graphs and specification of training software requirements was comprised for technical demands. According to them and using universal computerese Visual Studio 2005 and applying special system of graphic tests TestTool5 two training programmes were created. The programme „Fraction“, total size 76 KB, is composed of three operating conditions. There might be many tasks. Graphic tests „Fractions“ are also composed of three operating conditions, 94 tasks, and a teacher has a possibility to supplement the tasks. These two training programmes were introduced at school and an experimental testing was accomplished. Thirty schoolchildren participated in the experiment. The diagrams showing their learning process were received. A questionnaire survey was made. The experiments showed that both programmes present good facilities for schoolchildren to carry out experiments and to pattern. They are appropriate for constructive teaching process.

<p>Savremeni svetski tokovi u oblasti obrazovanja i izvr&scaron;ene reforme nastavnih planova i programa, uslovili su promenu obrazovnog sistema u i reformu geografske nastave u Srbiji u osnovnom obrazovanju. Dobro struktuiran geografski kurikulum Srbije obezbediće adekvatno mesto geografiji u na&scaron;em obrazovnom sistemu.</p> / <p>Modern world actions in the field of education and reformscarried out in teaching plans and programmes have caused changes in the educational system and reforms of geaography teaching in Serbia on the level of primary school education. Well structioral geographic curriculum of Serbia will provide a suitable place for geography in our educational system.</p>

The aim of this thesis was to create a teaching programme on the principles of research oriented teaching on the topic called ?Aromatic compounds substances in spices?. This programme could be used in the lessons and examine the level of students' knowledge gained after passing such training. The educational program was applied in two groups of respondents, one of which attended lessons where a research oriented teaching approach was used, working with a specially created worksheet. On the contrary, the second group attended lessons of frontal teaching. Then a comparative survey for these groups was conducted in a didactic test. A statistically significant difference of observed results was tested in Student t-test at the significance level of 0.05. In terms of statistical evaluation of the results of both tested groups was obvious the influence of research-oriented teaching on student's knowledge level.

In the framework of this master s thesis there has been developed a training programme named "Through the Desert and the Prairie". It is focused on selected mammals and their geographical distribution and habitat. It includes a set of didactic materials and tools for the individual activity of a teacher at the Hluboká Zoo designed for a group of pupils from the 2nd to 5th grade of elementary school. In the work, the objectives, importance and advantages of education in zoos, including the focus on the Hluboká Zoo, are described. It also introduces the biogeography teaching as a part of the Framework Education Programme for Elementary Education, with different concepts of this subject and contextual model of learning. After the brief characteristics of mammals and their anatomy, depending on the environment, more detailed information on selected mammals follows. The created file contains information and tools, which directly on the spot, at the individual mammals exhibits, illustrate their characteristics, interests and adaptation to the environment in which they live. It also describes methodological instructions for teachers and also contains a worksheet including the key. It also includes a map of the zoo with marked key locations of the educational programme. The whole file will be available at the zoo box office. The prior preparation using the materials on the zoo website is also possible.

he thesis proposes a teaching programme for general botany in the school garden. On the basis of a literary analysis of framework educational programmes, school educational plans, secondary-school textbooks of biology, assessment and evaluation of the school garden of The Secondary school of Agriculture and Food processing in Klatovy, a set of more than 85 questions and tasks has been made. The additional worksheets for pupils have been prepared just for the educational activity in the school garden. The method of direct study of nature is the most frequent one. The authentication of the teaching programme was carried out in the years 2010 to 2012 with the pupils of the aforementioned secondary school.

Notre constat de départ est que malgré un intérêt croissant des institutions enseignant les langues étrangères pour l’enseignement de la traduction, il n’existe à notre connaissance aucune étude portant sur la conception d’un programme de traduction professionnelle adapté à des apprenants de langues étrangères qui leur permettrait d’acquérir la compétence traductionnelle, c’est-à-dire les savoirs et savoir-faire nécessaires au traducteur en contexte professionnel. Ces institutions confondent souvent l’enseignement de la traduction et la traduction utilisée comme outil d’enseignement des langues étrangères. Le programme de traduction de l’université du Botswana ne fait pas exception, et nous proposons donc de le reconceptualiser afin qu’il réponde aux exigences de la profession. Par la mise à l’épreuve du modèle de l’analyse matricielle définitoire, outil linguistique destiné à interpréter et comparer la manière dont les langues naturelles construisent le sens, la présente thèse se propose de déceler les paramètres de l’environnement d’apprentissage sur lesquels une intervention est requise pour améliorer la qualité du programme et le rendre plus efficace. Pour ce faire, nous analyserons les erreurs de traduction commises par les étudiants qui suivent ce programme en vue d’en identifier les sources et de prendre les mesures destinées à en réduire la probabilité d’occurrence par la définition d’objectifs d’apprentissage adaptés à ce public, accompagnés des bases d’une solide assise théorique à destination de l’enseignant. / Our initial observation is that, in spite of the growing interest in teaching translation in institutions offering foreign language programmes, no study, to our knowledge, has been done on the designing of a professional translation programme appropriate for foreign language learners which could allow them to acquire translation competence, that is, knowledge and skills required by translators in a professional setting. These institutions often confuse teaching of translation and use of translation as a foreign language teaching tool. The translation programme of the University of Botswana is no exception, and we therefore propose to redesign it so that it can respond to the requirements of the profession. By putting to test the Defining Matrix Analysis model, a linguistic tool intended to interpret and compare the way natural languages construct sense, this thesis proposes to find the parameters of the learning environment on which an intervention is required in order to improve the quality and the efficiency of this programme. To achieve this goal, we are going to analyse translation errors made by students who are pursuing this translation programme with the aim of identifying their sources and taking measures destined to reduce their probability of occurrence by defining learning objectives adapted to this group of learners, accompanied by a solid theoretical basis for teachers.

The main topic of this thesis is the CUNC basic organization unit and Podblanické Ecocentre CUNC in Vlašim. The first part of the thesis presents the Czech Union for Nature Conservation (CUNC) followed by an overview of its Environmental Centres. The next section contains a summary of all the activities carried out by the CUNC basic organization unit and Podblanické Ecocentre CUNC in Vlašim from their establishment to the present and recapitulates the formation of these organisations themselves. The thesis also covers a characteristic of all the one-day as well as residential teaching programmes for secondary schools, technical schools and grammar schools carried out by the Ecocentre. The greatest emphasis is laid on four selected one-day teaching programmes, for which a research was conducted by using a questionnaire method. Its aim was to determine the influence on pupils and students of the educational programmes from secondary schools, technical schools and grammar schools.