Orientador: Milton Carlos Costa / Banca: Célia Reis Camargo / Banca: Carmem Lúcia Gomes de Salis / Resumo: A partir da segunda metade da década de 1940 um novo capitalismo configurava-se nos Estados Unidos da América. Com o início da Segunda Guerra Mundial, uma significativa parcela da tecnologia de guerra foi aprimorada à produção de bens. O grande investimento de capital no desenvolvimento de tecnologia requintada e mão-de-obra especializada constituíram-se na matriz geradora de uma gama de mudanças que atingiram aquela sociedade econômica. Dessas mudanças advêm a necessidade de organização da grande empresa e a previsão dos preços da mercadoria e da sua demanda, para evitar que os altos investimentos estivessem à mercê da instabilidade do mercado. Na esteira dessas mudanças e necessidades a iniciativa privada estabelece uma aliança econômica com o Estado que fornece a regulação de salários e preços e promove o desenvolvimento de um maciço aparelho de persuasão e incentivo associado à venda de mercadorias. Todas essas mudanças foram alvo de muitos debates, críticas e discussões. Dentre os mais importantes trabalhos sobre o moderno capitalismo norte-americano, destacamos as obras Eros e Civilização e a Ideologia da Sociedade Industrial de Herbert Marcuse. A presente pesquisa objetivou analisar essas duas obras e identificar o caráter de originalidade de suas críticas a sociedade norte-americana enquanto produto desse novo capitalismo da década de 1950. Constatou-se que os métodos e caminhos que Marcuse utilizou para construir seu pensamento, produziu um olhar próprio sobre aquela sociedade econômica e projetou esse autor e suas teorias nos mais diferentes meios sociais e em dimensões mundiais. / Abstract: After the second half of 1940's a new form of Capitalism took shape in the United States of America. And because of World War II, a considerable share of technology developed during the war was improved and directed towards wealth gain. The tremendous sums of capital invested in high technology and specialized labor became the matrix responsible for generating changes that affected American society throughout. From these changes came the need of organized enterprise and prevision of products costs and their demand, so the market instability would not jeopardize all investments. In the midst of all needs and changes private financial initiative forms alliance with the State, the responsible for regulating wages and product prices, thus promoting the development of a massive tool of persuasion and incentives of products selling. All changes became the main target for intricate debates, criticism, and arguments. Among the most important published works dealing with modern capitalism in the United States is Eros and Civilization, and, Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society, both by Herbert Marcuse. This research project aimed to analyze both of Marcuse publishing's and identify the body of originality of his own views on North American society as a product of this new form of capitalism in the 1950's. It is notorious and established that all methods and paths Marcuse built to reach his ways of thinking gave an entire new perspective on American society, projecting the author and his theories into the most various social niches worldwide. / Mestre

This thesis investigates the extent to which Ambassador Kirkpatrick's and Ambassador Walters' United Nations discourses on human rights reflects the rhetorical themes of "prophetic dualism" and "technocratic realism." A metaphoric analysis of six speeches reveals that both Kirkpatrick's and Walters' arguments were framed through an ideological division between Democracy and Communism. The presence of "prophetic dualism" in Kirkpatrick's and Walters' discourses is explained as an extension of President Reagan's bipolar rhetoric on world affairs. The presence of "technocratic realism" in Walters' discourse is described as resulting from a unique set of political and rhetorical factors. The exacting nature of "prophetic dualism" may make it ill suited as a method of argument in the realm of diplomacy.

Since 1990s of the twentieth century to the present, the so called caretaker governments have served as a political crisis solution in the Czech Republic as well as in Italy. Caretaker government is an institute of temporary cabinets with a non-partisan prime minister. Other members of this type of government are usually non-partisan as well (but not necessarily all of them). This is the main feature that distinguishes the caretaker government from the traditional government led by political parties. The thesis aims to identify common points and circumstances leading to the establishment of caretaker governments on the example of two relatively close parliamentary republics from the institutional design's point of view. It focuses mainly on the status of political parties as it is their failure that leads to the fall of the previous cabinet and to the situation when it is impossible to form a parliamentary majority in order to establish new government led by political parties. Special attention is also paid to a role of the president of the republic. Face to face with weakened political parties, he executes his powers in a more autonomous way in accordance with a presidential accordion theory described by Mauro Tebaldi, especially his powers to appoint the prime minister which fundamentally works...

Master's thesis Polyamory Design Unit (PDU) explores the possibilities of collaboration between experts being active in fine arts, product design, graphic design, architecture and philosophy in order to create a speculative future scenario. Together with Jana Trundova, Simon Barak, Ondrej Mohyla and Lukas Likavcan, I create the concept and the presentation structure for a housing complex, which is designed for polyamoric coexistence of human and non-human entities. Such a coexistence is made possible by full automation of work and global implementation of universal basic income. These initial parameters constitute a big emancipatory potential, that could change present meaning of the concept of polyamory and thus redefine networks of relations in bigger scales too.