This thesis analyses narratives associated with the development of public policy in telecommunications from the advent of telegraphy to Australia in 1854 to the end of 2000, with particular emphasis on concepts of universal service. The history of public policy development in telecommunications universal service obligations is analysed to gain an understanding of how different narratives are used to frame policy within particular material contexts. The study demonstrates that narratives in telecommunication development reflect national public policy agendas. In addition the thesis analyses how policy narratives are used to underwrite and legitimise assumptions, values and statements that influence the agendas and expectations of diverse social actors and interpretive communities. Furthermore, the thesis examines the interaction between policy narratives and the barriers and opportunities created by dynamic material environments such as economic, legislative and technological arenas. The study analyses five narratives that influence telecommunication policy and the agendas and expectations of diverse social actors and interpretive communities. National development, technocratic, rights, competition and charity narratives are used to frame different approaches to telecommunication policy, with particular reference to universal service. The study demonstrates how national development and competition narratives compete to dominate policy. Furthermore, diverse technocratic narratives provide scientific reinforcement to underwrite and legitimise the dominant narrative as well as discredit alternative perspectives. In addition, social rights and charity narratives respectively provide moral support to underwrite and legitimise national development and competition policy narratives. A key focus of this study is a narrative analysis of more than a thousand submissions to an independent inquiry in 2000 into telecommunication service levels with particular reference to universal service. The Telecommunications Service Inquiry was a forum that provided examples of the narratives analysed in this study from a cross-section of the Australian community. Submissions came from diverse social actors and institutions that included governments and state bodies, the telecommunication industry, unions, the farming industry, other business groups, community groups and individuals. The research demonstrates that changes in material environments and social expectations of universal service produce tensions within dominant narratives that require greater support from secondary narratives to provide scientific and moral legitimacy. Furthermore the research indicates that, in part, universal service policy functions to stabilise and legitimise the dominant policy narrative. However, the diverse social expectations associated with universal service produce continuing tensions within the dominant narrative that keep the policy in a state of flux. Consequently, government and industry policy makers find telecommunications policy a problematic area to reconcile with expectations of universal service.

This essay mainly utilize theoretical tool of ¡§State Centralism¡¨ to observe fixed network industry development history in Taiwan. After 1980s, based on characteristics of fixed network, state monopolizes the industry. However, digital techniques develop rapidly from last 1970s, the legitimacy of traditionally state monopoly model is gradually decrease. In the meantime, authoritatrian regime reform and economic liberalization in Taiwan start from 1980s to make state autonomy decreasing and launch liberalization of fixed network industry. Nevertheless, state role in industry didn¡¦t disappear after fixed network liberalization. In this research, author point out fixed network liberalization process in Taiwan is one kind of state centralism model. The liberalization is an ¡§instrument¡¨ but ¡§object¡¨ for state to accelerate development of information society and industrial structure reform in Taiwan. After fixed network market open in 2000, the market almost still monopolized by Chunghwa Telecom Co. It never achieves ¡§competitive development¡¨ environment planed by state. For fixed network industry of Taiwan, though state have outline regulatory policy, how to achieve a competitive environment after liberalization is the most important challenge to state to face new age of digital convergence.

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中國國內移動通信企業對於標準必要專利與美國移動通信產業知名NPE——InterDigital的初次交鋒就使得InterDigital付出了2000萬元人民幣的代價。而後，發改委對於就高通濫用標準必要專利的反壟斷調查更是開出了60.88億元的天文數字罰款單。 事實上，這些數字不僅起到了吸睛的作用，將人們的目光分分聚焦到中國的移動通信產業，同時，也因為案件發生的時間點而使得很多業界參與者猜測這樣的判決結果很可能是政府發展中國移動通信產業的政策手段。畢竟，自2000年TD-SCDMA成為世界公認的第三代移動通信標準之一以後，中國政府就打著TD產業的發展口號開始著力關注起中國移動通信市場的發展。自2008年奧運會以後，不管是銀行的放款額度還是產業政策的保護力度，都更加凸顯中國發展移動通信產業的決心。 另外，再加上近年來，各大通信巨頭在世界移動通信產業上掀起了大規模的專利戰爭，也使得人們對於專利的關注熱情愈發高漲。尤其是在移動通信產業中起到關鍵作用的標準必要專利，其價值地位也吸引了越來越多的目光。 本文試圖通過梳理TD產業政策演進的過程，來總結出中國自TD產業概念產生之後，移動通信產業發展的各階段產業狀況。再輔以華為VS InterDigital以及高通兩宗反壟斷案來探究產業政策的背後，案件結果究竟對中國移動通信市場的標準必要專利運作模式起到了怎樣的作用。 關鍵字：TD產業、標準必要專利、中國移動通信產業政策、濫用標準必要專利的制約 / For the first time that the Chinese mobile communication enterprise had a confrontation with the famous American NPE in mobile industry——Interdigital, it ended up with the result that Interdigital paid the composition of 20 million RMB. Moreover, China Development and Reform Commission gave Qualcomm a ticket of Six billion after the antitrust investigation of its abuse of Standard Essential Patents. All these numbers not only attracted public concern to the Chinese mobile communication industry, but also make some related participants thought the time of cases happened showed the sentences might be the policy methods to develop the Chinese own mobile communication industry. Since TD-SCDMA became one of the global certificated 3rd Generation Standard, Chinese government has made great efforts to develop the Chinese mobile communication under the banner of development of TD industry. After the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008, Chinese government’s determination in developing the Chinese mobile communication became greater. The evidences were the increase of banks loans and the protection of industrial methods in related filed. Furthermore, the communication giants’ pattern wars in the field of the global communication industry during recent years also raised public attention to the patterns, especially the standard essential patents which played a critical role in communication industry. This thesis attempts to reveal the industrial situations of different stages in the development of communication industry after the rise of Chinese TD industrial concept by sorting out the evaluation of TD industrial policies. Moreover, two antirust cases of HUAWEI VS InterDigital and Qualcomm shows how the sentences affected the operating mode of standard essential patents in Chinese mobile communication industry behind the industrial policies.