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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of news commentary on the image of political candidates. Subjects were exposed to a political debate, which was followed by three experimental manipulations of a news commentary. One group saw a commentary biased toward one candidate and against the other. In a second group the bias was reversed. A third experimental group saw a neutral commentary and the control group viewed the debate but no commentary. The primary statistical analyses used were a multivariate analysis of variance, a multiple discriminant analysis and a factor analysis. The results indicated that the commentary did have some effects on the perception of the candidates' images. Furthermore, the commentaries affected the amount of the candidates' message which was recalled by the subjects, and cued the subjects to recall specific issues which were mentioned in the commentaries. Finally, the factor analysis indicated certain characteristics of the images of political candidates.

M.S.

The frequency of occurrence on typical soap operas of incidents such as homicide, infidelity, and mental breakdown is much greater than is the case in real life. Also, various occupations (e.g., medical profession, legal profession) are overrepresented in these programs. The present study investigated the extent to which heavy soap opera viewers are influenced by these representations. Specifically, the differences between long term soap opera viewers’ and non-soap opera viewers’ perceptions about people and events in the real world were investigated. The subjects’ perceptions of the frequency of occurrences in the general population of such events as divorce, extramarital affairs, serious accidents, deception, having illegitimate children, death by homicide, being institutionalized, working in the medical profession, and being a lawyer were measured utilizing standard survey techniques. Also, the subjects’ estimates of the potential likelihood of future personal involvement in such events were measured. Results indicated that with respect to the probability of having extramarital affairs, nonviewers are more likely to anticipate being unfaithful than viewers [t(98) = -1.94, p <.05]. Also, female nonviewers are more likely to predict that they will be sexually assaulted than female viewers [t(98) = -2.23, p <.05]. No other statistically significant results were found. The results of this study provide no strong evidence that viewing soap operas directly affects viewers conceptions of reality.

This qualitative study examined whether a connection exists between children with emotional disorders consumption of traditional entertainment media and their subsequent vegative/anti-social classroom behavior. Research participants included six first-grade children diagnosed with an emotional disorder and their teacher. They were interviewed using a semi-structured approach. The students were observed in the natural setting of their classroom for a total of twenty-four hours, over a four-day period. Transcripts and classroom observations were analyzed, looking for connections between behavior and consumption of traditional entertainment media. Findings from this study concluded that these students used traditional entertainment media as a method of temporally escaping from the environment of their respective households.

稿本 / 論文(碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院新聞學系,1992. / 參考文獻: leaves 137-143 / 黃漢龍. / Chapter 第一章 --- 緒 論 --- p.1 / Chapter 一. --- 緒 言 --- p.1 / Chapter 二. --- 硏究背景、動機與目的 --- p.2 / Chapter 三. --- 研究對象與提問 --- p.5 / Chapter 四. --- 研究意義 --- p.7 / Chapter 五. --- 硏究方式與内容結構 --- p.8 / Chapter 第二章 --- 理論基礎與文獻探討 --- p.12 / Chapter 一. --- 大眾傳媒的功能 --- p.13 / Chapter 二. --- 媒介效果與潛化分析 --- p.16 / Chapter (一) --- 「社會文化模式」與「心理功 力模式」媒效果 --- p.16 / Chapter (二) --- 「文化指標」與潛化分析硏究 --- p.20 / Chapter 1. --- 「文化指標」與「暴力素描」 --- p.20 / Chapter 2. --- 「暴力素描」與「潛化分析」 --- p.21 / Chapter 3. --- 「潛化分析」的批評 --- p.23 / Chapter 4. --- 「潛化分析」的研究的發展 --- p.26 / Chapter 三. --- 國際電視傳播效果硏究 --- p.28 / Chapter (一) --- 美國電視跨國傳统效果硏究 --- p.28 / Chapter (二) --- 美國電視跨國潛化效果研究 --- p.29 / Chapter 四. --- 本文就「潛化分析」分析架構之演化 --- p.33 / Chapter 五. --- 本硏究潛化指標之構思過程 --- p.40 / Chapter 六. --- 價值觀念與電視效果相關硏究 --- p.42 / Chapter (一) --- 羅基價值研究 --- p.42 / Chapter (二) --- 電視與價值觀念之傳统效果研究 --- p.44 / Chapter (三) --- 電視與價值觀念潛化效果之初探性研究 --- p.46 / Chapter (四) --- 個人主義與集體主義價值之分類 --- p.48 / Chapter 七. --- 電視與休閒生活方式相關硏究 --- p.57 / Chapter (一) --- 休閒的涵義 --- p.58 / Chapter (二) --- 休閒生活方式形成的理論 --- p.59 / Chapter (三) --- 休閒生活方式與媒介效果硏究 --- p.60 / Chapter (四) --- 外來時尚與本土休閒生活方式 --- p.62 / Chapter 第三章 --- 硏究設計與分析架構 --- p.66 / Chapter 一. --- 研究假設 --- p.66 / Chapter 二. --- 研究工具與主要變項之界定 --- p.67 / Chapter 三. --- 研究抽樣 --- p.84 / Chapter 四. --- 统計方法與分析步驟 --- p.86 / Chapter 第四章 --- 硏究結果與資料分析 --- p.90 / Chapter 一. --- 樣本特徵 --- p.90 / Chapter 二. --- 假設驗證與分析 --- p.95 / Chapter (一) --- 收看港視與價值觀念 --- p.95 / Chapter 1. --- 受訪者價值之分析 --- p.95 / Chapter 2. --- 價值次數分配分析 --- p.97 / Chapter 3. --- 收看港視與個人主義價值 --- p.99 / Chapter -1 --- 收看港視與個人目標價值 --- p.100 / Chapter -2 --- 收看港視與個人能力價值 --- p.102 / Chapter 4. --- 收看港視與集體主義價值 --- p.103 / Chapter (二) --- 收看港視與休閒生活方式 --- p.105 / Chapter 1. --- 受訪者休閒喜好分析 --- p.105 / Chapter 2. --- 休閒喜好指標次數分配分析 --- p.108 / Chapter 3. --- 收看港視與外來時尚休閒活動 --- p.109 / Chapter 4. --- 收看港視與本土傳统休閒活動 --- p.111 / Chapter 第五章 --- 結論與討論 --- p.115 / 註釋 --- p.134 / 中文書目 --- p.137 / 英文書目 --- p.138 / 受訪中學生背景資料 / 問 卷