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Aggression and temporal lobe epileptics : a correlational investigation among institutionalized subjectsOtto, Terrance A. January 1980 (has links)
This thesis explored the relationship between temporal lobe epilepsy and aggressive behavior. Prior studies have shown that temporal lobe epileptics display more aggressive behavior than do epileptics with other brain foci. This investigation explored the above mentioned relationship as it exists among the resident population of the New Castle State Hospital. Fifty-three temporal lobe subjects were identified and then matched with respect to age, sex, institutional environment, age of seizure onset, and medication. Frequency of aggressive acts was the dependent variable observed.Temporal lobe epileptics were observed tom differ from the non-temporal lobe epileptics in aggressive behavior. The non-temporal lobe epileptics were found to be significantly more self-aggressive (p<.05). Analysis of aggression towards objects or aggression toward other persons was not significant.
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Segmentation of the temporal lobe into five components: a novel quantitative method examined in schizophrenic patients and normal controlsBalcavage, Elizabeth A. January 1992 (has links)
This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).
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Effect of long term amygdala kindling on defensive behaviour in rats : a model of the interictal emotionality associated with temporal lobe epilepsyKalynchuk, Lisa Emily 05 1900 (has links)
Temporal lobe epileptics often experience interictal (i.e., between-seizure) emotional
disturbances such as fear and anxiety. Despite the problem that these disturbances present,
little progress has been made in characterizing their nature and etiology because they are not
amenable to experimental analysis in clinical populations. Accordingly, the general purpose
of the experiments in this thesis was to demonstrate the potential of long-term amygdala
kindling in rats as a model of the interictal hyperemotionality of temporal lobe epileptics.
Seven experiments comprise this thesis. Experiments 1 and 2 established that longterm
amygdala kindling (i.e., 100 stimulations) results in large and reliable increases in
emotionality. In Experiment 1, the long-term amygdala-kindled rats displayed more
resistance to capture from an open field and more open-arm activity on an elevated plus
maze than did the sham-stimulated rats; in Experiment 2, the magnitude of this
hyperemotionality was shown to be dependent on the number of amygdala stimulations that
the rats received. Experiment 3 showed that kindling-induced hyperemotionality is
enduring; the hyperemotionality present 1 day after the final stimulation did not decline
significantly over the ensuing month although some amelioration of symptoms was
observed. Experiment 4 established that kindling-induced hyperemotionality is not unique to
amygdala stimulation. Although increases in emotionality were greatest in amygdalakindled
rats, hippocampal-kindled, but not caudate-kindled, rats also displayed significant
increases. Experiments 5 and 6 showed that kindling-induced hyperemotionality is
fundamentally defensive in nature. In Experiment 5, amygdala-kindled rats displayed high
levels of emotionality in an unfamiliar, but not in a familiar, situation; in Experiment 6,
amygdala-kindled rats displayed more defensive, but less aggressive behaviour, in their
interactions with other rats. Finally, Experiment 7 showed that 8-OH-DPAT binding to
serotonin 5HT1A receptors is increased in the dentate gyrus of amygdala-kindled rats, but
not in the amygdala, periaqueductal grey, perirhinal cortex, or CA1 or CA3 hippocampal
subfields.
Together, the results of these experiments establish the potential of long-term
amygdala kindling as a useful animal model of interictal emotionality in temporal lobe
epileptics.
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The dynamics of syllogistic reasoning : an fMRI investigation /Rodriguez Moreno, Diana V. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, August, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references ( leaves 263-276).
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Effect of long term amygdala kindling on defensive behaviour in rats : a model of the interictal emotionality associated with temporal lobe epilepsyKalynchuk, Lisa Emily 05 1900 (has links)
Temporal lobe epileptics often experience interictal (i.e., between-seizure) emotional
disturbances such as fear and anxiety. Despite the problem that these disturbances present,
little progress has been made in characterizing their nature and etiology because they are not
amenable to experimental analysis in clinical populations. Accordingly, the general purpose
of the experiments in this thesis was to demonstrate the potential of long-term amygdala
kindling in rats as a model of the interictal hyperemotionality of temporal lobe epileptics.
Seven experiments comprise this thesis. Experiments 1 and 2 established that longterm
amygdala kindling (i.e., 100 stimulations) results in large and reliable increases in
emotionality. In Experiment 1, the long-term amygdala-kindled rats displayed more
resistance to capture from an open field and more open-arm activity on an elevated plus
maze than did the sham-stimulated rats; in Experiment 2, the magnitude of this
hyperemotionality was shown to be dependent on the number of amygdala stimulations that
the rats received. Experiment 3 showed that kindling-induced hyperemotionality is
enduring; the hyperemotionality present 1 day after the final stimulation did not decline
significantly over the ensuing month although some amelioration of symptoms was
observed. Experiment 4 established that kindling-induced hyperemotionality is not unique to
amygdala stimulation. Although increases in emotionality were greatest in amygdalakindled
rats, hippocampal-kindled, but not caudate-kindled, rats also displayed significant
increases. Experiments 5 and 6 showed that kindling-induced hyperemotionality is
fundamentally defensive in nature. In Experiment 5, amygdala-kindled rats displayed high
levels of emotionality in an unfamiliar, but not in a familiar, situation; in Experiment 6,
amygdala-kindled rats displayed more defensive, but less aggressive behaviour, in their
interactions with other rats. Finally, Experiment 7 showed that 8-OH-DPAT binding to
serotonin 5HT1A receptors is increased in the dentate gyrus of amygdala-kindled rats, but
not in the amygdala, periaqueductal grey, perirhinal cortex, or CA1 or CA3 hippocampal
subfields.
Together, the results of these experiments establish the potential of long-term
amygdala kindling as a useful animal model of interictal emotionality in temporal lobe
epileptics. / Arts, Faculty of / Psychology, Department of / Graduate
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White Matter Correlates of Verbal Memory in Left Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Study of Structural ConnectivityBrewster, Ryan 12 August 2016 (has links)
Verbal memory deficits are among the most prominent cognitive sequelae in individuals with left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE). However, relationships between verbal memory function and white matter integrity (WMI) in the left temporal lobe remain unclear. Current study aims included determining fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) differences as an index of WMI between participants with left temporal lobe epilepsy (LTLE), participants with right TLE (RTLE), and controls, establishing group differences based on verbal memory function between TLE groups, and describing relationships between WMI and verbal memory function within TLE groups. Probabilistic tractography defined the left fornix (FRX), left uncinate fasciculus (UF), left parahippocampal cingulum (PHC), and a control region, the left corticospinal tract (CST), in 26 LTLE, 29 RTLE, and 20 control participants. The LTLE group demonstrated significantly lower fractional anisotropy (FA) along the PHC compared with controls. LTLE and RTLE groups did not differ significantly on measures of verbal memory until analyses were restricted to participants with left-lateralized language functioning. PHC FA was negatively correlated with semantic memory function in LTLE, but positively associated with episodic memory functioning in RTLE. Overall, findings highlight the PHC as vulnerable in LTLE, and differentially related to verbal memory functioning based on TLE group. Both findings are likely secondary to left-lateralized white matter disruption in LTLE. The current study also highlighted the importance of identifying homogenous groups to more clearly identify brain-behavior relationships. Current findings further define left-lateralized white matter alternations and related verbal memory deficits in TLE. Implications for these findings are presented in context with previous TLE literature, and future directions for further study are discussed.
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Quantal analysis of synaptic transmission in CA1 pyramidal cells of the rat hippocampusIsaac, John Timothy Roger January 1993 (has links)
No description available.
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Hippocampus, cognitive function and epilepsyFarrow, Tom F. D. January 2000 (has links)
No description available.
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Lateralizing memory function in temporal lobe epilepsy : an investigation of the meaning and utility of the Wechsler Memory Scale, third editionWilde, Nancy Jean. 10 April 2008 (has links)
The Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) is the most extensively used battery for memory assessment of adults. The third edition of the WMS (WMS-111) represents a substantial revision of previous versions. Accordingly, issues of validity of the revised instrument need to be addressed. The purpose of these studies was to contribute to the validation of the scale in the assessment of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy WE). An important role of the neuropsychological evaluation in TLE is to aid in the localization and lateralization of dysfunction. This is based on the premise that the temporal lobes are specialized for the acquisition of material-specific information, with dysfunction in the left and right mesial temporal regions being associated with verbal and nonverbal memory impairment, respectively. Since the WMS is utilized by the vast majority of epilepsy centres, evaluation of its meaning and utility in this population is essential. In Study 1, the utility of the WMS-I11 in detecting lateralized impairment was examined in a sample of patients with left (n = 55) or right (n = 47) TLE. Methods of analysis included evaluation of group means on the various indexes and subtest scores, the use of ROC curves, and an examination of Auditory-Visual Index discrepancy scores. The Auditory- Visual Delayed Index difference score appeared most sensitive to side of temporal dysfunction, although patient classification rates were not within an acceptable range to have clinical utility. The ability to predict laterality based on statistically significant index score differences was particularly weak for those with left temporal dysfunction. The use of unusually large discrepancies led to improved prediction; however, the rarity of such scores limits their usefulness. ill In Study 2, five competing models specifying the factor structure underlying the WMS- 111 primarysubtest scores were evaluated in a large sample of patients with TLE (N = 254). Models specifying separate immediate and delayed constructs resulted in inadmissible parameter estimates and model specification error. There were negligible goodness-of-fit differences between a 3-factor model of working memory, auditory memory, and visual memory, and a nested- more parsimonious- 2-factor model of working memory and general memory. The results suggested that specifying a separate visual memory factor provided little advantage for this sample- an unexpected finding in a population with lateralized dysfunction, for which one might have predicted separate auditory and visual memory dimensions. These findings add to a growing literature which suggests that the WMS-I11 has little utility in detecting lateralized dysfunction in TLE. This has important implications for the preoperative assessment of epilepsy patients.
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Memory Functioning in Patients with Unilateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Neuroimaging Indicators of Functional Integrity in the Hippocampus and BeyondBarnett, Alexander 20 November 2012 (has links)
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common form of intractable epilepsy that can be treated with surgical resection of the epileptogenic medial temporal lobe tissue, specifically the hippocampus. This resection can lead to a variable degree of memory deficit and considerable research has been directed at identifying predictors of these deficits. This thesis explores the relationship between structural predictors and functional predictors in TLE. I looked at fMRI activation asymmetry produced by a scene encoding task as well as volume asymmetry ratios within the hippocampus and the relationship of these predictors to memory performance in patients with TLE. Mediation analysis was performed according to Baron and Kenny (1986) and showed that fMRI activation asymmetry mediated the relationship between volume asymmetry and memory asymmetry in patients with TLE. This suggests that activation asymmetry may be a preferred variable for assessing functional adequacy in the medial temporal region.
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