Master's thesis deals with the issue of temporary agency work of manual workers in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The aim of this thesis is to identify the benefits and potential risks of temporary agency work and formulate measures to strengthen identified advantages and eliminate the potential risks from the perspective of the Czech labor market. The theoretical part describes the basic concepts and applicable legislation on this issue. The practical part is focused on analysis of selected economic and legislative factors of temporary agency work in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Based on the results of the analysis are identified the benefits and potential risks and recommended steps to improve the status of this form of employment in the labor market.