published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Real Estate and Construction / Master / Master of Science in Real Estate and Construction

Between 1750 and 1850 the population of Sweden doubled. The increase was very unequally distributed among the different social groups of the rural population. The number of peasants grew very little, while the numbers of the landless (crofters, bordars etc.) more than quadrupled. This study examines whether Christer Winberg's thesis of the landless growth can be applied to Björklinge parish in Uppland. Winberg believes that it was mainly children of tenant farmers who became landless. Tax Farmers fell less often and less deeply. To be able to see any particular trends among tenant farmers, I also examine the social mobility of tax farmers. I have therefore chosen three villages with different tax-Axlunda and Gränby is of nobility nature while Hammarby is a village of a fiscal nature. The results show that the two tenant villages, Axlunda and Gränby had two different trends regarding social tenant farmers movement after 1821 onwards. The farmers in Axlunda experienced a strong downward social mobility, while the peasants in Gränby stayed on their farms to a greater extent. In Hammarby it differed significantly between the peasants. The farmers could both move up and down in the social hierarchy.

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Tenants represent a marginalised group in South Africa, with land and housing, and particularly rental accommodation in great demand. Renting is a viable option for certain tenants but in the absence of the provision of rental housing, tenants are trapped in a "feudal" system of tenant-landlord relationship. The importance of this study stems from the fact that there appears to be violations of tenants' rights and that the obligations of both tenant and landlord from a Shari-ah perspective have either been overlooked or ignored completely thus far. This study examines the hardships faced by tenants specifically in privately owned residential accommodation in Durban and other major South African cities. It aims to critically examine Islamic perspective on housing and land tenure and guidelines that govern tenant-landlord relationship in respect of residential rental accommodation. It also looks at the South African development of land and housing policy, legislation, the provision of public and rental housing and tenure and tenant-landlord relationship. It examines the historical development of such a relationship in the west and the development of rent legislation in South Africa and the most recent legislation, the Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999. This study sought responses from recognised, well-established Muslim organisations in South Africa to a questionnaire dealing specifically with residential rental accommodation and general information on a range of tenant-landlord related matters. It is hoped that their response that are analysed and discussed would contribute to a better tenant-landlord "culture". The overall findings of this study into the Islamic and South African perspective on tenant-landlord relationship have implications for policy makers, Islamic scholars, NGOs and a whole range of stakeholders, locally as well as internationally. In the light of this study, suggestions are made to stimulate further research on some of the pertinent issues addressed. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Durban-Westville, 2001.

With issues such as energy crises, climate change and environmental degradation becoming evermore prevalent on national and international levels, industrialized societies are beginning to take heed of the impact they are having on the natural environment and we are beginning to see movements towards socially and environmentally responsible decision-making. With the impact that buildings have on the environment, it is important to understand what barriers are preventing or slowing investment in socially and environmentally responsible property. The present study was conducted to determine whether LEED certification has a significant impact on the market value of office buildings in Toronto, Ontario – value determined by the average net asking rent for each building. For some 68 subject and control buildings, we matched information on the net asking rent for 16 LEED certified (subject) buildings to 52 otherwise comparable properties (control buildings). Using ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis, we looked to find what relationship exists between net asking rent and the LEED label. Controlling for other variables historically shown to have an impact on property value, we expected the results of this study to determine whether there is a business case for LEED certification in the downtown Toronto office market. The results of the study have shown that LEED certification has had no impact on the market value of the sample of office buildings in Toronto. This is a surprising result, given the growth in the number of LEED buildings in Canada, but interviews with three senior executives in the industry have helped to provide insight into this trend. It seems that with time LEED will likely have an impact in this market, but it hasn‘t arrived yet.

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In this thesis, public housing was investigated with particular reference to the nature of communication between the landlord and tenant. It focussed on interactive behaviours and the incidence of litigation. The study attempts to bridge the gap between social theory and social practice through the application of existing social theory in the description and analyses of social problems. Based on a critical review of the relevant literature, the characteristics of communicative interaction and human relationships are described, together with the history of housing provision and the growth of litigation to resolve issues in public housing. Research of communicative interaction in the housing sector in general and the landlord-tenant interaction in particular has been a neglected area of research that is addressed in this thesis. An initial study surveyed both tenants and housing officers in the Sydney metropolitan area. Social analysis focuses on local interaction between landlord and tenant and how these local interactions expand into global patterns. The thesis analyses how power-relating, ideological/evaluative and ethical choices of housing officers and tenants influence their communicative interaction and the subsequent access and distribution of services and resources in the public housing sector. The theoretical framework explicates on complex responsive processes (CRP) perspective. CRP is a process theory that looks into the simultaneous and co-influencing relationship between the individual and the social and multi-agency approach in social analysis. The conceptualising framework relies on the application of this theory and the principles of Humanity, human rights and social justice to achieve a dialogical communicative interaction. The thesis applied complementary quantitative and qualitative methods where a quantitative study of a small population was conducted using structured interviews and group meetings to guide the qualitative research. The population was identified by natural experiment, i.e., identification of two populations in a public housing estate: a Participative group, comprising tenants who had consciously participated in the housing authorities?? renewal programs, and a Non-participative group of tenants who had not taken part in the Tenant Participation programs by Housing New South Wales (HNSW). The housing officers and tenants were identified using snowball and quota sampling. The findings reveal a conspicuous absence of research that focus on local interaction between housing officers and tenants in public housing. The study confirms the anti-dialogical nature of communicative interaction in public housing, which is iterated, sustained and perpetuated by the use of litigation, a mechanism that is increasingly being preferred to settle disputes, by both landlord and tenant.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-177). Also available online via ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.