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Termitofauna (Blattodea: Termitidae) associada a esp?cies arb?reas em ?rea de reserva da Ilha do Catal?o da UFRJ, RJ / Termitofauna (Blattodea:Termitidae) Associated Tree Species in Reserve Area of the UFRJ Catalan Island, RJSantos, Aline Barreto 15 December 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The arboreal termites that are part of the Brazilian fauna attack urban areas that have
expanded into areas of wild vegetation. The urban trees when not follow the proper principles
of planting and management, transforms the trees into nesting sites and feeding termites.
Thus, arboreal species of termites begin to assume increasing importance as pests. This study
aimed to identify the species of termites associated with tree species and verify, under field
conditions, if these termites exhibit preference for nesting and foraging, in the sandbank area
of Catalan Island, in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, RJ. For this, 95 were chosen
randomly planting rows of trees located in this area. These lines has traveled a path of 100 m,
also randomly chosen, and during that route all the trees were inspected to verify the
occurrence of termites. Termites found were collected, preserved in 70% alcohol for later
identification. To assess the preferred nesting, all the trees were inspected for the presence
nests of N. corniger. The occurrence of termites was registered in all tree rows sampled (n =
95). Of the total of 545 inspected trees, 77% were infested by termites, identified four species
distributed into two families: three native species Termitidae (Nasutitermes corniger
Motschulsky, Nasutitermes jaraguae Holmgren and Microcerotermes strunckii Soerensen)
and an exotic species of Rhinotermitidae (Coptotermes gestroi Wasmann). The most frequent
species was N. corniger (?2 = 82.04, df = 3, p <0.001), occurring in 79% of infested trees,
followed by N. jaraguae (6% of infested trees). The termite species least infested trees were
found in C. gestroi (1%) and M. strunckii (1%). In general , the exotic tree species Albizia
Lebeck is the most infested by termites and also exotic Leucaena leucocephala is less
infested. 114 Nest establishment of N. corniger were identified, and the tree species Schinus
terebinthifolius the most nidificada. So the trees of the Catalan's Island salt marsh area are
infested with native and exotic termites, however, the native termite N. corniger is
predominant. / Os t?rmitas arbor?colas que fazem parte da fauna brasileira atacam ?reas urbanas que
expandiram sobre ?reas de vegeta??o silvestre. A arboriza??o urbana quando n?o segue os
preceitos adequados de plantio e manejo, transforma as ?rvores em locais de nidifica??o e
alimenta??o dos cupins. Dessa forma, esp?cies arbor?colas de cupins passam a assumir
import?ncia crescente como pragas. Esse estudo objetivou identificar as esp?cies de cupins
associadas a esp?cies arb?reas e verificar, em condi??es de campo, se esses t?rmitas exibem
prefer?ncia para nidifica??o e forrageamento, na ?rea de restinga da Ilha do Catal?o, no
munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Para isso, foram sorteadas aleatoriamente 95 linhas de
plantio de ?rvores localizadas nessa ?rea. Nestas linhas foi percorrido um trajeto de 100 m,
tamb?m escolhido aleatoriamente, e durante esse percurso todas as ?rvores foram
inspecionadas para verificar a ocorr?ncia de cupins. Os cupins encontrados foram coletados,
preservados em ?lcool 70% para posterior identifica??o. Para avaliar a prefer?ncia de
nidifica??o, todas as ?rvores foram inspecionadas quanto a presen?a de ninhos de N. corniger.
A ocorr?ncia de t?rmitas foi registrada em todas as linhas de plantio amostradas (n=95). Do
total de 545 ?rvores inspecionadas, 77% estavam infestadas por cupins, sendo identificadas
quatro esp?cies distribu?das em duas fam?lias: tr?s esp?cies nativas de Termitidae
(Nasutitermes corniger Motschulsky, Nasutitermes jaraguae Holmgren e Microcerotermes
strunckii Soerensen) e uma esp?cie ex?tica de Rhinotermitidae (Coptotermes gestroi
Wasmann). A esp?cie mais frequente foi N. corniger (?2 =82,04; g.l.=3; p<0,001), ocorrendo
em 79% das ?rvores infestadas, seguida por N. jaraguae (6% das ?rvores infestadas). As
esp?cies de t?rmitas menos encontradas nas ?rvores infestadas foram C. gestroi (1%) e M.
strunckii (1%). De maneira geral, a esp?cie arb?rea ex?tica Albizia lebeck ? a mais infestada
pelos t?rmitas e a tamb?m ex?tica Leucaena leucocephala ? a menos infestada. Foram
identificadas 114 nidifica??es de N. corniger, sendo a esp?cie arb?rea Schimus
terebinthifolius a mais nidificada. Portanto, as ?rvores da ?rea de restinga da Ilha do Catal?o
s?o infestadas por t?rmitas nativos e ex?ticos, no entanto, o t?rmita nativo N. corniger ?
predominante
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