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Tunneling behavior of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus ShirakiCampora, Cory Earl. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-110).
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Tunneling behavior of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus ShirakiCampora, Cory Earl January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 99-110). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / xii, 110 leaves, bound ill. 29 cm
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Toxicity of boron compounds in the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)Gentz, Margaret C January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-45). / v, 45 leaves, bound 29 cm
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Ninfas em populações forrageiras do cupim Coptotermes gestroi (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) /Albino, Erica. January 2009 (has links)
Orientador: Ana Maria Costa Leonardo / Banca: José Chaud Netto / Banca: Maria Santina de Castro Morini / Resumo: O forrageamento ou busca por alimento nos cupins subterrâneos envolve os operários, os soldados e em menor número as ninfas. O presente estudo foi realizado visando esclarecer aspectos da biologia do forrageamento de ninfas, o qual é pouco conhecido na espécie exótica Coptotermes gestroi. O monitoramento por meio de coletas periódicas em um período de 22 meses em 7 diferentes colônias mostrou que as ninfas forrageiras são produzidas durante todos os meses do ano. Provavelmente, devido à influência tanto de fatores externos como internos, cada colônia de Coptotermes gestroi possui uma dinâmica diferente de formação desses indivíduos. O estudo da biometria das ninfas forrageiras foi realizado para determinar os ínstares presentes nas colônias, sendo que as variáveis analisadas foram largura da cabeça, largura do pronoto, comprimento do broto alar, comprimento da tíbia, região de crescimento da antena e comprimento do corpo. Entretanto, as variáveis região de crescimento da antena e comprimento do corpo, inicialmente propostas, não se mostraram viáveis para a discriminação dos ínstares. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP) e plotados em diagramas de dispersão para a discriminação dos ínstares. Das 533 ninfas forrageiras coletadas, 34 eram de 3° instar, 280 eram de 4° instar e 219 eram de 5° instar. Apesar de terem sido coletadas ninfas de 3° instar, provavelmente, estas não participam das atividades de forrageamento uma vez que foram coletadas em apenas uma colônia e em quantidade ínfima. O 5° instar ninfal foi coletado nas 8 colônias estudadas, contudo o 4° instar ninfal foi mais numeroso, mesmo tendo sido coletado em apenas 4 das colônias... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The foraging or search for food in subterranean termites involves workers, soldiers and in a small number nymphs. The present study was carried out aimed at clarifying aspects of the nymph foraging biology, which is little known in the exotic species Coptotermes gestroi. The monitoring through regular collections in 7 different colonies for a period of 22 months showed a production of forager nymphs all year round. Probably due to the influence of both internal and external factors each colony of Coptotermes gestroi has a different formation dynamic of these individuals. The biometric study of the forager nymphs was conducted to determine the instars present in the colonies, and the variables head width, pronotum width, wing bud length, right hind tibia length, antennal growing region and body length were measured. However, the variables antennal growing region and body length, originally proposed, were not feasible to instars discrimination. The data were submitted to the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and plotted on a scatter diagram to determine the instars. Of the 533 forager nymphs collected, 34 were from 3rd - instar, 280 were from 4th - instar and 219 were from 5th - instar. Although 3rd - instar nymphs have been collected, probably, they do not participate in the foraging activities since they were collected only in one colony and in small quantity. The 5th - nymphal instar was collected in 8 colonies, however the 4th - nymphal instar was more numerous, even being collected in only 4 of all colonies. In order to characterize the instars, the eye color and the number of antennal segments in the of forager nymphs were recorded. These individuals may have light brown or white eyes, the nymphs with white eyes appeared in larger number and were present in all colonies. The sex determination of male and female nymphs was conducted... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre
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An investigation of the influence of Trichoderma virens (hypocreales: hypocreaceae) on reticulitermes virginicus (isoptera: rhinotermitidae) feeding, with an evaluation of the use of labral morphology for identification of reticulitermes from TexasHeintschel, Bryan P. 17 September 2007 (has links)
Subterranean termites encounter numerous kinds of fungi during foraging and feeding
activities. Nearly nine decades of research have exposed only a small fraction of the termitefungal
interactions that exist in nature. The first portion of research presented here focused on
how feeding behaviors of Reticulitermes virginicus (Banks) were affected by the fungus
Trichoderma virens (Miller, Giddens & Foster) von Arx. Tests were performed with 'P' (GLT+)
and 'Q'(GLT-) strains of T. virens. Both strains were applied to filter paper and wood disks cut
from southern yellow pine and Sentriconî monitoring devices. The first bioassay assessed the
termites' feeding responses to fungal extracts removed from liquid media on days 2 through 7,
and again on day 15. Only the GLT+ extracts from days 6 and 7 inhibited termite feeding
significantly from the controls (16% and 54% less area loss, respectively). Response to wood
covered by live T. virens mycelia was tested in the second bioassay. No significant differences
in termite consumption were seen between fungal strains, but both substantially reduced the area
loss due to termite feeding of treated wood by an average of 35%. A vacuum impregnation
system was used to inoculate wood disks with fungal homogenate in the third bioassay. The
wood treated with either GLT+ or GLT- homogenates did not have significant differences in area loss due to termite feeding. Overall, these results reiterated the plasticity that exists with termitefungal
relationships.
The second research topic addressed the applicability of labrum-based identification
techniques to Reticulitermes Holmgren in Texas. Soldier labral morphology of four species, R.
flavipes (Kollar), R. hageni (Banks), R. tibialis Banks, and R. virginicus (Banks), was evaluated
as a character to separate species. Length and width measurements of five soldier labra were
taken from each of the eight collection sites. These results were then judged against molecular
analysis of the mtDNA 16S rRNA gene. Findings showed that labral shape was an unreliable
diagnostic characteristic when comparing all species. A combination of length and length-towidth
ratio successfully segregated all four Reticulitermes species. Comparison of a
morphology-based dendogram to the phylogenetic analysis revealed a shared pattern between
phenotypic and genotypic variations.
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Effects of an entomogenous nematode, Neoaplectana carpocapsae Weiser, on the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, with ecological and biological studies on C. formosanusFujii, Jack K January 1975 (has links)
Typescript. / Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1975. / Bibliography: leaves 155-163. / xvi, 163 leaves ill. (some col.), map
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Padrão de castas e ocorrência de um fungo actoparasita em rhinothermitida (insecta: Iisoptera)Barbosa, José Renato Chagas 16 October 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-10-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Rhinotermitidae exhibits a diverse pattern of castes. Such variation may occur due to the polyphyletic aspect of this group. Heterotermes longiceps and Rhinotermes marginalis belong to different subfamilies within Rhinotermitidae. Considering the presented so far in literature, could be the castes patterns of these species similar to observed in their subfamilies? To adress this question, caste differentiation patterns of H. longiceps and R. marginalis were investigated by morphometric data. Specimens from six colonies of H. longiceps and four R. marginalis were collected, fixed in FAA for 24 h and then transferred to 80% alcohol. Termites were separated by caste and instars and measured. Eleven morphometric variables were inspected by means of a principal components analysis (PCA). Sex differentiation of the apterous caste was carried using carmine dye in dissected specimens. PCA inspection of H. longiceps grouped two larvae instars, two worker instars, pre-soldier, minor soldier, major soldier, four instars of nymphs and alate. Sexual dimorphism in H. longiceps was achieved only by soldiers. PCA inspection for R. marginalis data grouped five larvae instar, two pre-soldier instars, two soldier instars, two worker instars, ergatoid and three instar of nymphs. All apterous were females. Only true workers were observed in each species analysed. H. longiceps caste pattern is similar to already described for Heterotermitinae and Coptotermitinae. R. marginalis showed a pattern already known to Rhinotermitinae, which is a monophyletic group. Developed gonads were not observed in specimens described as morphological ergatoids. / A família Rhinotermitidae possui um padrão de castas diverso, com espécies apresentando padrão semelhante ao encontrado nas famílias Kalotermitidae e Termitidae. Essa grande variação pode ocorrer por esse grupo ser polifilético. As espécies Heterotermes longiceps e Rhinotermes marginalis se encontram em subfamílias diferentes dentro de Rhinotermitidae. Portanto, será que os padrões dessas espécies corroboram o encontrado até aqui para as suas subfamílias? Para entender isso, os padrões de diferenciação de castas das espécies H. longiceps e R. marginalis foram investigados. Seis colônias de H. longiceps e quatro de R. marginalis foram coletadas, fixadas em FAA por 24 h e depois transferidas para álcool 80%. Os cupins foram separados por castas e ínstares e mensurados. As 11 variáveis morfométricas foram submetidas a uma análise dos componentes principais (PCA) para inspecionar os dados na tentativa de agrupar os ínstares em nuvens de indivíduos. A diferenciação do sexo das castas ápteras foi feita através do uso do corante carmin em espécimes dissecados. A PCA realizada para H. longiceps agrupou dois ínstares de larvas, dois ínstares de operários, pré-soldado, soldado menor, soldado maior, quatro ínstares de ninfas e alado. A análise do sexo dos indivíduos de H. longiceps mostrou dimorfismo sexual apenas nos soldados. Já o PCA realizado para R. marginalis agrupou cinco ínstares de larvas, dois ínstares de pré-soldado, dois ínstares de soldados, dois ínstares de operários,
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ergatóide e três ínstares de ninfas. Todos os indivíduos ápteros eram fêmeas. As duas espécies analisadas apresentaram apenas operários verdadeiros. O padrão de castas de H. lonciceps é semelhante ao já descrito para Heterotermitinae e Coptotermitinae. Já a espécie R. marginalis apresentou um padrão já conhecido para Rhinotermitinae, que é um grupo monofolético. Não foram encontradas gônadas desenvolvidas nos indivíduos com morfologia de ergatóides.
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Ninfas em populações forrageiras do cupim Coptotermes gestroi (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae)Albino, Erica [UNESP] 15 January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
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albino_e_me_rcla.pdf: 1301680 bytes, checksum: 95d30ba766dc9edf4dd14372bf809fd7 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O forrageamento ou busca por alimento nos cupins subterrâneos envolve os operários, os soldados e em menor número as ninfas. O presente estudo foi realizado visando esclarecer aspectos da biologia do forrageamento de ninfas, o qual é pouco conhecido na espécie exótica Coptotermes gestroi. O monitoramento por meio de coletas periódicas em um período de 22 meses em 7 diferentes colônias mostrou que as ninfas forrageiras são produzidas durante todos os meses do ano. Provavelmente, devido à influência tanto de fatores externos como internos, cada colônia de Coptotermes gestroi possui uma dinâmica diferente de formação desses indivíduos. O estudo da biometria das ninfas forrageiras foi realizado para determinar os ínstares presentes nas colônias, sendo que as variáveis analisadas foram largura da cabeça, largura do pronoto, comprimento do broto alar, comprimento da tíbia, região de crescimento da antena e comprimento do corpo. Entretanto, as variáveis região de crescimento da antena e comprimento do corpo, inicialmente propostas, não se mostraram viáveis para a discriminação dos ínstares. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise dos Componentes Principais (ACP) e plotados em diagramas de dispersão para a discriminação dos ínstares. Das 533 ninfas forrageiras coletadas, 34 eram de 3° instar, 280 eram de 4° instar e 219 eram de 5° instar. Apesar de terem sido coletadas ninfas de 3° instar, provavelmente, estas não participam das atividades de forrageamento uma vez que foram coletadas em apenas uma colônia e em quantidade ínfima. O 5° instar ninfal foi coletado nas 8 colônias estudadas, contudo o 4° instar ninfal foi mais numeroso, mesmo tendo sido coletado em apenas 4 das colônias... / The foraging or search for food in subterranean termites involves workers, soldiers and in a small number nymphs. The present study was carried out aimed at clarifying aspects of the nymph foraging biology, which is little known in the exotic species Coptotermes gestroi. The monitoring through regular collections in 7 different colonies for a period of 22 months showed a production of forager nymphs all year round. Probably due to the influence of both internal and external factors each colony of Coptotermes gestroi has a different formation dynamic of these individuals. The biometric study of the forager nymphs was conducted to determine the instars present in the colonies, and the variables head width, pronotum width, wing bud length, right hind tibia length, antennal growing region and body length were measured. However, the variables antennal growing region and body length, originally proposed, were not feasible to instars discrimination. The data were submitted to the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and plotted on a scatter diagram to determine the instars. Of the 533 forager nymphs collected, 34 were from 3rd - instar, 280 were from 4th - instar and 219 were from 5th - instar. Although 3rd - instar nymphs have been collected, probably, they do not participate in the foraging activities since they were collected only in one colony and in small quantity. The 5th - nymphal instar was collected in 8 colonies, however the 4th - nymphal instar was more numerous, even being collected in only 4 of all colonies. In order to characterize the instars, the eye color and the number of antennal segments in the of forager nymphs were recorded. These individuals may have light brown or white eyes, the nymphs with white eyes appeared in larger number and were present in all colonies. The sex determination of male and female nymphs was conducted... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Structure and Function of Salivary Reservoirs of the Eastern Subterranean Termite, <i>Reticulitermes flavipes</i>(Kollar)Gallagher, Nicola T. 26 October 2010 (has links)
No description available.
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Avalia??es Mensais de Estacas de Pinus como Isca-Armadilha para Cupins Subterr?neos em ?reas de Composi??es Flor?sticas Distintas no Jardim Bot?nico do Rio de Janeiro e Avalia??o de Extratos Bot?nicos como Cupinicida. / Monthly Assessments of Stakes of Pinus as Bait-Trap for Subterranean Termites in Different Areas of Compositions Flor?sticas in the Botanical Garden of Rio de Janeiro and Evaluation botanical extracts as CupinicidaSantos, Marcus Nascimento 25 July 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008-07-25 / This work was made in the Research Institute Botanic Garden of Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ) where two
experiments were carried out in two steps. The first step had the following objectives: to study
the attack behavior of subterranean termites over stakes of pinus trap in three areas of
different compositions floristic seed source in the JBRJ, appointed by cerrado-JB, lawn - JB
and forest-JB over one year. To study the environmental influences on the pinus baits attack
by subterranean termites monthly over year of observation. The subterranean termites
belonged to the species, Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) (areas cerrado-JB and lawn-JB) and
Heterotermes longiceps (Snyder) (area forest-JB), (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). The second
step aimed to study botanical extracts with bioinseticida action for the control of subterranean
termite, C. gestroi. In each area 6 blocks with three plot were buried stakes and collected and
replaced monthly over 12 months. The stakes of Pinus sp were previously immersed in
distilled water for three periods (0, 24 or 48 hours). The environmental variables were
evaluated: luminosity (morning and afternoon), soil temperature (morning and afternoon), air
temperature (maximum and minimum), rainfall, soil moisture, humidity, pH and carbon (C)
organic soil. The results showed that the attack on baits of Pinus sp occurred all the year
without a preference for different periods of immersion in distilled water. The peak of the
attack on stakes occurred in months march and september. The environmental variables:
humidity, soil moisture and rainfall had significant correlation with the attack on the stakes of
Pinus sp by subterranean termites. C. gestroi attack had negative correlation with
environmental variables. H. longiceps attack had negative correlation with humidity and
positive correlation with soil moisture. The acid pH soil areas studied appeared to be helpful
to the activities of the foraging termites. The amount of organic C available in the soil seems
don t have influence on foraging activities of the two species of termites. The attack on baits
of Pinus sp by the species C. gestroi was more severe that the attack by H. longiceps. In the
second step the termites were exposed to seven treatments with five replications each for 20
days. The aqueous extract of the leaves of Melia azedarach, Tectona grandis, Carapa
guianensis, Aspidosperma polyneuron, Myracrodruon urundeuva and Leucaena
leucocephala, the concentration of 10%, were impregnated with pieces of corrugated
cardboard. With the exception of L. leucocephala, which was lower consumption of
cardboard, the other plant extracts and control (paper and distilled water) were also consumed.
The insecticidal activity of the extracts of M. azedarach, M. urundeuva and T. grandis was
responsible for 100, 100 and 95.38% mortality of termites, respectively. The extracts of L.
leucocephala, A. polyneuron and C. guianensis showed no activity insecticide for the control
of C. gestroi. / Este trabalho foi realizado no Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Bot?nico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ) onde
foram desenvolvidos dois experimentos descritos em duas etapas. A primeira etapa teve como
objetivos: avaliar mensalmente ao longo de 12 meses estacas de Pinus sp como isca-armadilha para
cupins subterr?neos em tr?s ?reas de composi??es flor?sticas distintas no arboreto do JBRJ,
nomeadas de cerrado-JB, gramado-JB e mata-JB, e verificar a influ?ncia dos fatores ou vari?veis
ambientais sobre o ataque as iscas de Pinus sp pelos cupins subterr?neos das esp?cies, Coptotermes
gestroi (Wasmann) (?reas cerrado-JB e gramado-JB) e Heterotermes longiceps (Snyder) (?rea mata-
JB), (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). A segunda etapa teve como objetivo avaliar extratos bot?nicos com
a??o bioinseticida para o controle do cupim subterr?neo, C. gestroi. As estacas foram enterradas em
cada ?rea em 6 blocos com tr?s parcelas cada e mensalmente coletadas e substitu?das ao longo de 12
meses. As estacas de Pinus sp foram previamente imersas em ?gua destilada por tr?s per?odos (0, 24
ou 48 horas). Foram avaliadas as seguintes vari?veis ambientais: luminosidade (manh? e tarde),
temperatura do solo (manh? e tarde), temperatura relativa do ar (m?xima e m?nima), precipita??o
pluviom?trica, umidade do solo, umidade relativa do ar, pH e Carbono (C) org?nico do solo. O
ataque ?s iscas de Pinus sp pelos cupins subterr?neos ocorreram durante todo o ano e sem uma
prefer?ncia do pinus sob diferentes per?odos de imers?o em ?gua destilada. O pico do ataque ?s
estacas ocorreu nos meses de mar?o e setembro. Umidade relativa do ar, umidade do solo e
precipita??o pluviom?trica tiveram correla??o significativa com o ataque ?s estacas de Pinus sp
pelos cupins subterr?neos. Entretanto, para C. gestroi essas vari?veis ambientais tiveram correla??o
negativa com o ataque as estacas. Para H. longiceps a umidade relativa do ar teve correla??o
negativa e a umidade do solo positiva. O pH ?cido dos solos das ?reas estudadas pareceu ser
prop?cio ?s atividades de forrageamento dos cupins. A quantidade de C org?nico dispon?vel no solo
pareceu n?o ter influenciado a atividade de forrageamento das duas esp?cies de cupins. O ataque ?s
iscas de Pinus sp pela esp?cie C. gestroi foi mais severo que o ataque por H. longiceps. Na segunda
etapa do trabalho os cupins foram expostos a sete tratamentos com cinco repeti??es cada durante 20
dias. Os extratos aquosos das folhas de Melia azedarach, Tectona grandis, Carapa guianensis,
Aspidosperma polyneuron, Myracrodruon urundeuva e Leucaena leucocephala, na concentra??o de
10%, foram impregnados em peda?os de papel?o corrugado. Com exce??o de L. leucocephala, cujo
consumo do papel?o foi menor, os demais extratos vegetais e a testemunha (papel?o e ?gua
destilada) foram consumidos igualmente. A atividade inseticida dos extratos de M. azedarach, M.
urundeuva e T. grandis foi respons?vel por 100, 100 e 95,38% de mortalidade de cupins,
respectivamente. Os extratos de L. leucocephala, A. polyneuron e C. guianensis n?o apresentaram
atividade inseticida para o controle de C. gestroi.
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