Abstract The main core of this study is ATV industry in Taiwan to look for new development field. Basic on this point of view and Taiwan experience, this study analyses the ATV industry and market strategy for Taiwan manufacturer. From understanding the ATV industry further to analyses the currently development situation in Europe, American and Japanese market and the operating situation of main manufacturer assist with SOWT and Five Forces Framework analysis to help the manufacturer have more competition opportunity and offer the future development suggestion. The conclusion is as below: 1. The competition strategy of Taiwan ATV industry exist competition price and non-competition price strategy. The manufacturer must be in leading position of the new vehicles development in order to be the leader in this market. 2. As the market grow, the manufacturer must take difference strategy to win the customer confidence, and the quick changing of the out looking will be the key trend of the market. So to own the tooling development and production ability will make the products in great use. 3. The ATVs are mostly used on risky environments so the production liability are more important than others feature. In some countries, the end users form ATV club and in this way " brand reputation" is going to be important part. 4. The new manufacturer of ATV must take price strategy to win one place in the market. 5. The completive price is a short - term strategy, only the products difference can make the profit in long - term. 6. The future completion of Taiwan ATV industry decides on new technology and brand value increasing, not on price. Keyword: ATV, competition strategy , All Terrain Vehicle

All-Terrain Vehicles, usually called ATVs, are a popular product in the leisure sport market. The steering mechanisms is one of the important components of ATVs to obtain better maneuverability. The purpose of this work is to develop a systematic design procedure for the steering mechanisms of ATVs. First, the particularities and the requirements of ATVs are investigated to induce the basic characteristics. Second, to carry out the creative design of steering mechanisms by using the systematic procedure of creative mechanism design. Third, to deduce the analytic theory of angle displacement, torque and stability for the design of steering mechanisms. Then a computer aided analysis program are written. Finally, to establish the quantitative design specification of the steering mechanisms of ATVs. Then the dimension synthesis and the steering mechanism to integrate with body of ATVs are illustrated with an example.

Thèse de doctorat--Sciences de la terre--Rennes 1, 2003. / Bibliogr. p. 244-258.

Achieving realistic simulations of terrain vehicles in their work environment does not only require a careful model of the vehicle itself but the vehicle's interactions with the surroundings are equally important. For off-road ground vehicles the terrain will heavily affect the behaviour of the vehicle and thus puts great demands on the terrain model. The purpose of this project has been to develop and evaluate a deformable terrain model, meant to be used in real-time simulations with multi-body dynamics. The proposed approach is a modification of an existing elastoplastic model based on linear elasticity theory and a capped Drucker-Prager model, using it in an adaptive way. The original model can be seen as a system of rigid bodies connected by elastoplastic constraints, representing the terrain. This project investigates if it is possible to create dynamic bodies just when it is absolutely necessary, and store information about possible deformations in a grid. Two methods used for transferring information between the dynamic bodies and the grid have been evaluated; an interpolating approach and a discrete approach. The test results indicate that the interpolating approach is preferable, with better stability to an equal performance cost. However, stability problems still exist that have to be solved if the model should be useful in a commercial product.

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Restoration of realistic animation is a critical part in the area of computer graphics. The goal of this sort of simulation is to imitate the behavior of the transformation in real life to the greatest extent. Physics-based simulation provides a solid background and proficient theories that can be applied in the simulation. In this dissertation, I will present real-time simulations which are physics-based in the area of terrain deformation and ship oscillations. When ground vehicles navigate on soft terrains such as sand, snow and mud, they often leave distinctive tracks. The realistic simulation of such vehicle-terrain interaction is important for ground based visual simulations and many video games. However, the existing research in terrain deformation has not addressed this issue effectively. In this dissertation, I present a new terrain deformation algorithm for simulating vehicle-terrain interaction in real time. The algorithm is based on the classic terramechanics theories, and calculates terrain deformation according to the vehicle load, velocity, tire size, and soil concentration. As a result, this algorithm can simulate different vehicle tracks on different types of terrains with different vehicle properties. I demonstrate my algorithm by vehicle tracks on soft terrain. In the field of ship oscillation simulation, I propose a new method for simulating ship motions in waves. Although there have been plenty of previous work on physics based fluid-solid simulation, most of these methods are not suitable for real-time applications. In particular, few methods are designed specifically for simulating ship motion in waves. My method is based on physics theories of ship motion, but with necessary simplifications to ensure real-time performance. My results show that this method is well suited to simulate sophisticated ship motions in real time applications.

This thesis describes and evaluates the conversion of a conventional gasoline powered all-terrain vehicle (ATV) to an electric ATV. Preliminary studies are performed to obtain initial power and torque requirements for the vehicle. A detailed simulation model of the mechanical load is written and compared to manufacturer supplied data. The load model is then combined with a comprehensive electronic drive and motor simulation using an electromagnetic transient simulation program (PSCAD). A prototype of the vehicle is constructed by selecting the main components, an electric traction motor, batteries and a custom motor drive, using the simulation results. The results of both the simulation and prototypes are compared and evaluated.

The main aim of this thesis is to compare actual power production from an existing wind farm with power production prediction by WindSim, which is a CFD tool based on the nonlinear flow model. The wind farm that is being worked on is located in Northern Sweden and has high orographic complexity with forested hilly terrain. There is 1 year record of met-mast wind measurements and nearly 2 years record of production data.Firstly roughness and height contours data are put as an input in order to simulate and generate wind fields over the complex terrain. In addition forest model is used to get more detailed roughness height. After generating wind fields existing turbine locations and 1-year wind speed measurement are imported.The results show that how accurate are the CFD calculations to solve turbulence in a complex terrain. Comparison between actual production data with energy production results by simulations is the main approach of this thesis work to validate the simulations.The results indicate that both WAsP and WindSim have overestimated energy production and wind speed as well. However particularly with WindSim forest module CFD calculations have more accurate results than without forest module and WAsP estimations.

This thesis describes and evaluates the conversion of a conventional gasoline powered all-terrain vehicle (ATV) to an electric ATV. Preliminary studies are performed to obtain initial power and torque requirements for the vehicle. A detailed simulation model of the mechanical load is written and compared to manufacturer supplied data. The load model is then combined with a comprehensive electronic drive and motor simulation using an electromagnetic transient simulation program (PSCAD). A prototype of the vehicle is constructed by selecting the main components, an electric traction motor, batteries and a custom motor drive, using the simulation results. The results of both the simulation and prototypes are compared and evaluated.

L'analyse des cernes de croissance des arbres peut être un outil utile pour dater les événements géomorphologiques dans les régions où les données historiques sont rares ou manquantes. Dans cette étude, deux glissements de terrain rétrogressifs de la région de Fort McPherson, T.N.O, ont été étudiés par l’analyse dendrochronologique des épinettes noires (Picea mariana (Mill) BSP)) endommagées par l’évènement. Le mouvement a incliné de nombreux arbres, a endommagé leurs systèmes racinaires et les a déplacé de leur position initiale. Une trentaine d’épinettes perturbées, sur deux sites (Mélanie et Charas), ont été échantillonnées le long de la coulée de boue ainsi qu’aux limites de cette même coulée, certaines retrouvées à la verticale dans le plancher du glissement, et d’autres dans un ancien chenal abandonné. En outre, 35 épinettes bien droites, debout, intactes et non perturbées ont également été échantillonnées sur les sites afin d'établir une série de référence maitresse. Dans le premier cas, au site Mélanie, une analyse des cernes des arbres perturbés a révélé des anomalies dans la croissance des arbres. Plus précisément, une réduction des cernes de croissance a été remarquée dans les dernières années de la vie des arbres. Par ailleurs, une augmentation brutale de la largeur des cernes au même endroit a été retrouvée sur des arbres inclinés (bois de réaction). D’après des résultats, le glissement de terrain à ce site est considéré avoir eu lieu en 2002. Au deuxième site (site des Charas), en raison du nombre limité d’arbres laissés sur le terrain en plus d’une répartition spatiale assez grande, la dendrochronologie ne peut pas identifier avec précision l’année initiale du glissement de terrain du site des Charas. Les arbres se trouvant dans le sens de l'écoulement n’ont pas toujours représenté des signes de perturbation au cours d'une année en particulier, même si nous sommes convaincus qu'ils doivent avoir été localisés dans la zone touchée par l'événement. Bref, les données montrent que les perturbations à ce site se sont étalées sur plusieurs années -ce n'est donc pas un événement unique- et que tous les arbres n'ont pas tous été impactés au même degré et dans la même année.