Habilitation à diriger des recherches--Histoire--Lyon 2, 2007. / Bibliogr. p. 209-230. Notes bibliogr. Index.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Droit privé et sciences criminelles : Paris 8 : 2006. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 207-215.

Texte abrégé de: Th. doct.--Lettres--Lyon, 1971. / CTHS = Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Bibliogr. p. 325-348.

Ph. D.--Leuven--Katholieke universiteit, 1975. Titre de soutenance : De Petrie-testamenten, uitgave en kommentaar. / Contient les textes des papyrus en grec ancien.

The thesis Testaments of Bohemian Noblewomen in the Period from 1650 to 1753. Gender and the Legitimization Strategy of the Nobility within the Early Modern testamentary Discours is based on the set of accounts left by noblewomen, and tries to find out the role of gender and the meaning of piety within the testamentary field. Using a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis confronted with prescriptive document´s point of view, it examines the testamentary field at three different levels. First of all, it focuses on the contemporary legal status of women. Secondly it deals with the formal structure and terms of last wills, such as property settlement, which is usually the main reason for testaments being composed. But the emphasis is laid on the testamentary piety, which is perceived among others as a means of the legitimization of the nobility itself, for which the process of the adjustments before death was well suited. The thesis is complemented by a standalone chapter researching codicils, documents supplementing or altering original settlements for the case of death. The comparison of their mutual content with last wills reveals real religious feelings, which are otherwise disguised by the emphasis laid on the formality of the testament{\crq}s text. The main goal of the research is to help in the understanding of creation and manifestation of gender roles in different areas of early modern society´s lifestyles as well as to contribute to the recognition of the changes that, at latest by the beginning of 19th century, led to general secularization of the religious practices.

The diploma paper presented deals with the testaments of Sobeslav from the years 1600-1825 which have been preserved both in documentary forms and in the only extant book of testaments in State District Archives Tabor, in the fund of Archive of Sobeslav city. The first part of this paper is concerned with comparing and contrasting of rural, aristocratic and clerical testaments. The next part is dedicated to the survey of present research of municipal testaments together with the history of municipal law and testaments{\crq} practices in Sobeslav. With regard to the focus of my paper I do not also forget to outline clerical history of this city. In the fundamental part of my paper I deal with testaments of Sobeslav as the source of history of devotion and with the analysis of appropriate parts of these documents which predicate about approach of citizens of Sobeslav to the death, redemption and about their religious apprehension.

This work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter covers with the ways leading to the salvation of the soul. Especially with the question of the dogma of purgatory and the ways, how can - according to Thomas Stitny - the quick help to compress the torture of the dead sinners in purgatory. The issue of the second chapter is a quantitative analysis of the pious legacies pecuniary as well as non-pecuniary. The fundamental research questions are: Which charitable institutions were gifted the most frequently? How large number and volume of legacies was intended for them? How differed the structure of male and female pious legacies? Which changes in the type and the volume of the pious legacies occurred during the followed period and what were the main causes of them? In the third chapter I am analyzing all the non-pecuniary legacies and ask myself the question to which extent are in their structure reflected gender and socio-economic differences among the testators. In the fourth chapter I reenact the geographical horizon of the testators. My aim is to verify an assumption that the size of the geographical horizon of the burghers is directly proportional to the total importance of the town in question.

The subject of the thesis are testaments conserved in Kolín municipal books dating to the period of 1376 and 1401. The last wills are analysed from the juridical and administrative point of view as well as the perspective of the studies of medieval religiosity. The aim of the thesis is to show the role and function of the testament in hereditary practices in the royal town od Kolín at the end of the 14th century. The list of the testaments with the date, reference and a brief characteristic plays an integral part of the study.

Dans la société d’Ancien Régime, les maréchaux de France avaient pour fonction la conduite des armées du roi. Au XVIIIe siècle, la plupart des quatre-vingts officiers généraux distingués par le maréchalat le furent à un âge avancé. Cette thèse montre dans une première partie l’évolution d’une dignité accordée à l’origine pour commander à la guerre vers une faveur décernée en période de paix. Les parties suivantes sont consacrées à la place de cette élite dans la société. Par l’étude des alliances matrimoniales, il s’agit de comprendre dans quelle mesure l’endogamie ou l’exogamie nobiliaires s’inscrivirent dans une stratégie de préservation patrimoniale et d’enrichissement.Les actes notariés contribuent à étudier l’assise de leur fortune. Le patrimoine, les dettes ainsi que les revenus informent sur les mouvements de cette fortune, indiquant qu’il s’agissait d’un groupe économiquement dynamique et cantonné aux formes traditionnelles de placements. On peut ainsi déterminer la place des maréchaux dans la ville au travers de leur quotidien, dans leurs demeures et par la gestion de leur fortune. La dernière partie s’interroge sur la culture de cette élite militaire. Une analyse systématique des testaments informe sur leurs attitudes devant la mort. Les curiosités intérieures de cette élite militaire renseignent sur les comportements de collectionneurs de certains maréchaux. La place des maréchaux dans la vie sociale du temps, dans les académies parisiennes ou provinciales, dans les loges maçonniques et certains salons, achève cette réflexion. / In the society of the Ancient Regime, the marshals of France were in charge of the king’s military. In the 18th century, most of the eighty general officers were quite elderly when granted marshalcy. In a first part, this PhD highlights the shift from a title initially acquired to command during wartime to a favour granted during peacetime. The following parts explore the place of this elite within society. Through the study of matrimonial alliances, it is to be understood to what extent nobiliary endogamy or exogamy were part of a strategy of heritage maintenance and enrichment. The notarial deeds contribute to study the base of their wealth. The analysis of their heritage, debts and incomes permits to identify the fluctuations of their wealth, which shows that the marshals were an economically dynamic group and depending solely on traditional forms of investment. One can thus rebuild the marshals’ place in the city through their daily lives and their heritage’s management. The last part focuses on the culture of this military elite. The systematic analysis of wills testifies to their attitudes towards death. The internal curiosities of these noble men of war informs us about their behaviours as collectors. The marshals’ place in the social life of the time, in the Parisian or provincial academies, in the Masonic lodges, and certain salons, ends up this social, political as well as cultural history of a military elite that had been forgotten so far.

Esta dissertação tem como proposta a edição semidiplomática justalinear de testamentos do século XVII (1651-1700), conservados no Arquivo Histórico Municipal de Taubaté, Felix Guisard Filho. O trabalho visa a oferecer a publicação de uma edição fidedigna de 37 testamentos, para os estudos filológicos, linguísticos, históricos e culturais do período colonial brasileiro. Apresenta-se o estudo histórico da vila de São Francisco das Chagas de Taubaté no século XVII, época em que foram escritos os testamentos, e o estudo filológico, que contempla a análise diplomática, codicológica e paleográfica dos manuscritos. Segue-se a edição semidiplomática e constam no fim do trabalho dois Apêndices com os índices de topônimos e antropônimos. A análise paleográfica apresenta-se em quadros dos 37 diferentes punhos que lavraram os testamentos. O exame paleográfico tem o objetivo de identificar as variações gráficas do período, buscando oferecer subsídios para o estudo da escrita seiscentista do Brasil colonial, visto que a bibliografia a respeito é muito escassa. A edição semidiplomática, acompanhada do fac-símile, será o resultado do trabalho. O corpus estudado é relevante para o estudo representativo do estado da língua portuguesa na segunda metade do século XVII / This dissertation proposes the justalinear semidiplomatic edition of testaments dated from 17th century (1651-1700), conserved at the Arquivo Histórico Municipal de Taubaté, Felix Guisard Filho. The work aims to offer a reliable publication of an edition of 37 testaments to philological, linguistic, historical and cultural studies of Brazilian colonial period. Presents the historical study of the Village of São Francisco das Chagas de Taubaté during 17th century, period that testaments were written, and a philological study, that include diplomatic, codicological and paleographic analysis of the manuscripts. It follows the semidiplomatic editing and listed at the end of work two appendices with Toponyms and Anthroponyms index. The paleographic analysis presents in tables with 37 different handwriting who wrote the wills. The paleographical examination aims to identify the graphics variation during the period, seeking to provide subsidies to the writing study in colonial Brazil during the 17th century, as literature about this subject is very uncommon. The semidiplomatic edition, followed by facsimile will be the result of the work. The corpus studied is relevant to representative study of the state of the Portuguese language in the second half of the 17th century