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1 ABSTRACT This diploma thesis, grounded in the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, aims to analyse the textual representations of social actors in the New Year speeches of British Prime Ministers. The corpus consists of New Year speeches from the New Year of 2012 to the New Year of 2020. These textual encodings do not need to point directly to the social actors that actually exist in the social world. Instead, they tend to reveal certain ideas that the text-producers have about the social actors. Therefore, the way in which the text-producer portrays a social actor serves as a means of reproducing his or her ideology. In the theoretical part, the purpose of the thesis is considered from the position of Critical Discourse Analysis. Then, the ways of representing social actors in texts are explored together with their impact on ideology and its reproduction. Also, the characteristics of pronouns that can affect the portrayal of these actors are described. The practical part seeks to analyse the New Year speeches with respect to textual means of representing social actors. In doing so, it provides an explanatory critique which aims to reveal what ideas are encoded in textual representations, how they are communicated and how the portrayal of the social actors can affect the recipients. A...

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of representations of Native Americans in Czech written sources from the 16th century which are related to the topic of european overseas exploration. Special emphasis is placed on the formation of representations of corporeality in the context of discourses present in the early modern literary production and on the representations of gender relations that discourses of the body help to produce in texts. Apart from other things, the textual representations were influenced by the europocentric interpretation of the world which emerging from christian discourse at that time. As well, the work shows how the practices of othering of American Indians and their societies are produced in analyzed sources. The othering was realized, beside other things, in the context of dichotomous discourses of civilization and barbarism, religious discourse and the discourse of power. Emphasis is also put on the changes and mutual similarities of discourses in the written sources. In order to analyze representations of American Indians, the work uses the method of Foucalt's discursive analysis. The work also uses the constructivist theory of representation and the theory of hegemonic gender configurations. Key words Native Americans, corporeality, gender, otherness, textual...