The European Union expanded from its first conceptualization as an economic union hedging possible German expansion to encompass policy areas traditionally controlled by the state. One of these areas—immigration and asylum—is closely associated with ideas of state identity and citizenship, and is an area in which states have been unwilling to cede control. Two member states—Italy and Spain—have many similarities, one of which is significant issues in regard to large and undocumented migration but, despite that, took quite different policy directions vis-à-vis the EU’s proposed immigration and asylum norms. This research examines Italy and Spain using Knill and Lehmkuhl’s mechanisms of Europeanization during three policymaking timeframes in order to determine how and why these states have taken divergent paths. This thesis found that different mechanisms were used during different periods and that counterintuitive to expected findings, the weakest mechanism is dominant during the current era.

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The aim of this study was twofold: to investigate (i) the relationship between values, social identities, constructions of European Union (EU) and (ii) reactions to December 12th Copenhagen decision concerning Turkey. In order to fullfil the aim, two methodologically different analyses were carried out: A qualitative analysis of newspapers representing different ideologies, and a quantitative analysis of Turkish university students&amp / #8217 / responses to questionaries. The qualitative analysis revealed different constructions of Turkey&amp / #8217 / s relationship with EU: Advantages of joining the union in terms of human rights and economic development were made in the newspapers as well as disadvantages in terms of emperalism. In additon, historical references to Tanzimat and Islahat decrees were iii made. The quantitative analyses performed on university students&amp / #8217 / responses to questionnaires revealed three social identities: Nationalist-Islam, Turk, and European / three different constructions of EU: Europe As Different, Impermeable Boundaries, and Dissimilar but Advantageous / and two reactions to the decision, Justification and Attribution of decision to Differences and Conflict, as well as negative evaluation of decision. Further analyses revealed that values of patriotism, ethnocentrism, and antisecularism were significant predictors of Nationalist-Islam social identity. Patriotism was a significant predictor of Turk social identity and antisecularism was a significant predictor of European social identity. Seeing EU boundaries as impermeable was related to negative evaluation of the decision and Europe As Different was a significant predictor seeing the decision as a result of differences and conflict. Viewing Europe as dissimilar but advantageous was associated with justifying the decision and ethnocentrism was related to low justification (rejection) of the decision. European and Turk Identity emerged as a significant predictor of the construction of EU. Endorsement of European identity was related negatively to Europe As Different and to seeing EU boundaries as impermeable. High endorsement of European Identity was also negatively related to seeing Europe as dissimilar but advantageous.

Thesis (M.A.)--Villanova University, 2008. / Communication Dept. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-179).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 186-202). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 327-345).

This article summarizes a talk, given at the conference From Bretton Woods to Berlaymont: Globalisation, Integration and the Future of Europe, organized by KOF Swiss Economic Institute and ETH Zurich from 22-23 March 2018. It highlights the complexity and multidimensional nature of the question about the future development of the European Union. It argues that there is a need for rebalancing subsidiarity and supranationality, but that the assignment of tasks and the "optimal" degree of centralization has to be judged on a case-by-case basis, differentiated by policy area. Moreover, it emphasizes the need to draw a line between what is desirable from a scientific perspective and can be judged by objective standards and what is desirable from a political perspective, which will vary a lot with political preferences. Finally, it argues that, at least in the short-to medium-run, economic integration should be given priority over political Integration. / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

This dissertation thesis examines the divergence of perceived inflation, measured by the EU Consumer Surveys, and officially measured inflation after the introduction of cash euro in several eurozone countries. Two groups of countries are tested in the thesis -- countries accepting the euro in 2002 and countries providing the changeover in later years. The main goal of the thesis is to test cross-country differences between officially measured and perceived inflation with respect to economic, social and cultural specifics of the countries in the eurozone, while main focus is given to examining the differences between the above-mentioned two groups of countries. The results obtained could help to derive policy conclusions for the other EU countries which have not yet accepted the common currency.