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Landscape design and architecture adhere to the similar principles of form making. These have been affiliated with nature through history, sharing dialogues of philosophy. As theoretical premise, an investigation at the relationship between form and programme in the Western world (from Antiquity to the 21st Century). The conclu¬sion was that there is a relationship between form and programme, that different periods in history have drawn varying conclusions regarding this relationship. My conclusion views the idea as the most important aim of architecture, that the relationship between form and programme influences/guides/shapes the idea through the design process. The urban framework aims to preserve, to link and enhance open space in the Pretoria Central Business District. The theoretical investigation and framework directed the need for a site that would allow me to convey my own conclusion regarding the relationship, ingrained with the idea of preserving and linking open space in the focus area of Pretoria. The Union Buildings as selected site, orientated around its natural landscape, is layered with different interventions representative of relationships between form and programme, presenting the opportunity to explore my premise. The site is dominated by biota or nature, allowing the assessment of the terrain in terms of how landscape (more specifically plants) as a programme influences architectural form. Interventions focused on the Vredehuis complex (sited on the Union Buildings grounds) function as the focus of the argument. The site is classified as a botanic garden. The programme of botany is informed by the site history; residential (1880-1914), botanic gardens (1914-1975), nursery (1915-1950), greenhouse (1918-1975) and entomology/plant pathology division (1914-2007). A further investigation of plants informs the function and programme of the design. / Mini Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Architecture / unrestricted

Recent newspaper headlines announced "Coastal plot prices up 500 per cent - SOUTHERN CAPE LAND SCRAMBLE" and reference was made to the big demand for plots at coastal resorts between Mossel Bay and Knynsa, and the holiday trade's interest in such big hotel deals as R400,000 at The Wilderness. ''Local authorities and businessmen feel the upsurge in demand for property, may indicate that the Southern Cape is set to take over "holiday mecca of the country". While the echo of these super cents in the till is deadening even the sound of the sea to some, other's concern is sending a chill down the spine. Many, during their active lives, craved for a slaver pace of living. Many found it here, and called it Hunter's Home, and Leisure Isle. Nov they see man's restlessness give a new scale to his pursuit of leisure.

Thesis (M.F.A.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This paper deals with the ideas involved in the work in the Masters of Fine Arts Thesis Exhibition. The images and environments I create are basically functional objects, yet I utilize the metaphor of nature to bring into play much deeper and more complex meaning. The functional qualities signify human presence and human involvement, and set the stage for the ritualistic and ceremonial aspects of the work to come through. Images of nature speak of adaptation and conflict, growth and blossoming. Images of nature point to a basic sense of beauty and harmony that has gotten lost in our modern world. I hope, through my work, to make people take more time in looking at their surroundings, and to create out of common experiences such as a cup of tea, an aesthetic experience instead. / 2031-01-01

Niche differentiation is the most recognized species coexistence mechanism, of which, the temporal differentiation of species, i.e. phenological differentiation has gained an increasing interest of ecologists. However, as an important dimension of phenology, the phenology of growth has drawn relatively few attentions due to the lack of sufficient phenological data. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to examine potential role of temporal differentiation of plant growth patterns in plant coexistence. I first collected data on growth phenology of 381 perennial herbs in the Botanical Garden of Charles University in Prague within one growing season (in 2015). Using this database, I addressed the general patterns of growth phenology among perennial herbs. I distinguished two contrasting growth patterns: (1) species with early peak growth had high standardized growth rates in contrast to late species, reflecting the survival under forest canopy, where species are selected to grow early and fast before the development of tree canopy which restricts their size; (2) tall species showed later peak growth than short species, associating with (asymmetric) competition for light in open habitats, where the main selection factor is for tall stature, which cannot be attained early in the season. Then, by linking...

The circle of your community starts in your home, with the most private rooms that only your family members would enter. From there the circles expand - the rooms that your invited guests visit - the garden where you say hi to your closest neighbours - the streets you walk to get to the subway - and so on. The longer distance from your home, the more people in the circle. This means that the further away you do your grocery shopping from your home the less likely it is for you to bump into your neighbours. When a natural meeting point is removed from your neighbourhood one of these circles is broken or completely gone. This is what has happened to many of the detached housing areas, or garden cities, around Stockholm. The garden cities were planned with a central core filled with commercial functions. With time, people started travelling further away from home for shopping, thus small shops in the central core began to close. I want to repair that broken circle of community by bringing back natural meeting points to the neighbourhood, but in a way that would function today and in the future.

This thesis engages with urban ecology through the lens of garden amphibians within a community in Cape Town. The study explores habitat and maintenance features associated with amphibian presence and the social processes underpinning attitudes towards amphibians, with the aim of strengthening knowledge underpinning the "what" (knowledge of natural requirements), "Why" (social drivers for urban landscape form and management), and the "how" (working with people, for garden biodiversity initiatives. To explore the "Why" component, a social survey was conducted with 192 members of the community. One‐way anova and correspondence analysis were used to explore the relationship between values, culture, knowledge and memories of early childhood experiences against a general attitude towards frogs and toads. The findings are consistent with the theoretical framework of Connectedness To Nature where positive attitudes are supported by normative values, cultural beliefs, knowledge and positive experiences with care‐givers and role‐models. The garden habitat component of the study sought to explore the technical questions of the "What" requirement for amphibian presence in gardens. It was loosely based on the BIMBY tool with adaptations for context and targeted species. 50 gardens were visited and surveyed. They were divided into two groups for comparison: Those in which residents reported amphibian presence, and those which did not. Results indicate that the cape river frog (A. fuscigula) and clicking stream frog (S. grayii), are attracted to gardens with moderate to dense vegetation at groundcover level. Gardens with moderately planted beds were more likely to report frogs if they had additional resources, in particular, ponds and mulch. The "How" question brought together the two themes in a discussion on citizen mobilization and ways in which community groups are successfully implementing urban ecology conservation and reconciliation strategies. This work is important for urban nature conservation which seeks to engage private land‐owners (garden enthusiasts) and community and citizen groups in implementing urban biodiversity projects.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第19346号 / 地環博第139号 / 新制||地環||28(附属図書館) / 32348 / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎環境マネジメント専攻 / (主査)教授 舟川 晋也, 准教授 真常 仁志, 准教授 西前 出 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM

The success and benefits of community gardens in cities has been documented in the literature. However, do positive aspects of community gardens translate to small towns? The merit of a community garden is in the building of relationships within a community and healthy interactions within the garden. This study looked at the successful elements community gardens offer for the users and the surrounding community in towns with populations of fewer than 50,000. A web-based survey was used to ask questions about community garden’s leadership, members, operation, and community context. Responses to the survey give a look into the setup and operation of gardens in small towns. Results indicate typical standards for a community garden including organizational structure, property ownership, and membership. Additional observations indicate the presence of community elements such as universities, farmers markets, and local agriculture are commonly found where community gardens exist.