Desde a segunda metade da década de 1990 profundas mudanças vêm ocorrendo no segmento supermercadista brasileiro. Dessas destacam-se a crescente internacionalização, desnacionalização e concentração econômica dessa modalidade de comércio nas mãos de grandes empresas: Pão de Açúcar, Carrefour e Wal-Mart. Com a finalidade de atingir uma maior competição, profundas mudanças têm ocorrido na forma de gestão do trabalho e no uso de tecnologias, levando a um novo arranjo dos trabalhadores pelos supermercados. Esse arranjo passa a ser marcado por uma maior flexibilidade funcional e pela intensificação do trabalho, que ocorre em consonância com a utilização de novas tecnologias, a exemplo do código de barras que impulsionou o processo de automação comercial. Neste contexto esta pesquisa procura estudar de maneira conjunta as transformações na organização do trabalho e na automação comercial no segmento supermercadista. A análise tem como foco a situação dos trabalhadores que residem no Grajaú, Zona Sul da cidade de São Paulo e atuam ou atuaram como operador de supermercado e operador parttime nas lojas CompreBem e Pão de Açúcar pertencentes ao Grupo Pão de Açúcar. A escolha dos cargos de operador de supermercado e operador part-time deve-se ao seu caráter operacional e flexível. Esses cargos autorizam os trabalhadores a exercerem um maior número de tarefas, desde a frente de caixa ao depósito de um supermercado. Tal fato permite a utilização mais intensa da força de trabalho sem significativa contrapartida salarial. / Since second half of the 1990 profound changes have been occurring in the Brazilian supermarket segment. Growing internationalization, denationalization and economic concentration of this type of trade in charge of big companies: Pão de Açúcar, Carrefour and Wal-Mart. In order to achieve more competition, profound changes have occurred in management of labor and the use of technology, leading at a new arrangement the workers by the supermarkets. This is now marked by greater functional flexibility and the intensification of labor, which is consistent with the use of new technologies, such as the bar code that drove the process of commercial automation. In this context this research studies the changes at work organization and automation commercial in the supermarket segment. The analysis focuses at the situation of workers who lives in Grajaú, South Zone of São Paulo and act or acted as an operator of supermarket and part-time operator in shops CompreBem and Pão de Açúcar, belonging to Grupo Pão de Açúcar. The choice of positions of operator of supermarket and part-time operator depends on the characteristic of the operational nature and flexibility. These positions allow workers to do a greater number of tasks, from the front to the deposit box at a supermarket. This fact allows more intensive use of the labor without significant salary counterpart.

A presente dissertação expõe uma investigação histórica, conceitual e filosófica a respeito da prática de reelaboração musical. O objetivo desse estudo é revelar diferentes perspectivas através das quais podemos tratar a obra musical nessa atividade. Procuramos discutir o equilíbrio entre a criatividade e a relação de fidelidade/autenticidade estabelecida com o original, considerando a personalidade do intérprete/reelaborador. Para tal, construímos um panorama histórico das práticas de reelaboração: transcrição, orquestração, redução, arranjo, adaptação e paráfrase, e as definimos segundo seus propósitos e o grau de transformação de seus materiais musicais. Por fim, analisamos os conceitos de score compliance, werktreue, obra musical e interpretação, além de estabelecermos um paralelo com a tradução literária, a fim de estimular a crítica e compreender melhor a forma como essa atividade foi exercida ao longo da história e como podemos compreendê-la na atualidade. / This thesis presents a historical, conceptual and philosophical research about the practice of musical reworking. The aim of this study is to reveal different perspectives through which we can treat the musical work in this activity. We seek a balance between creativity and the relationship of fidelity/authenticity established with the original, considering the performer\'s personality. To this purpose, we will build a historical overview of reworking practices: transcription, orchestration, reduction, arrangement, adaptation and paraphrase, and we will define them according to their purpose and the degree of transformation of its musical material. Finally, we will analyze the concepts of score compliance, werktreue, musical work and interpretation. In addition, we will offer a parallel to the literary translation in order to stimulate a critical understand of how this activity was exercised throughout history and how we can understand it today.

Visual artist Frank Stella (b. 1936) said about his work, “What you see is what you see.” A member of the visual art movement known as minimalism, he is famed for his repeating black -stripe paintings. There are noticeable parallels between the concept of these visual works and Steve Reich’s (b. 1936) minimalist music, particularly Nagoya Marimbas (1994). This Honors thesis will explore the roots of minimalism in the visual arts and music, Reich’s compositional voice, the repetitive rhythmic components of minimalist music, and the challenges of arranging a percussion piece for a flute ensemble leading up to the final arrangement, Nagoya Flutes.

Engaging Space focuses on arranging as means to engage with space. The adaptive arrangements and spatial negotiations of street vendors provide the stimulus for my inquiry. Noticing the various ways vendors constantly engage spatially has led me to observe the ways spatial practices are adapted to suit various requirements. What might I learn, as an interior practitioner, from the spatial practices of street vendors? How might this be applied to an interior practice, to inform an understanding of adaptive methods to engage with space? Undertaking a practice of vendoring, the projects then become engaging spaces - exploring a practice of arranging to produce interiors.

Engineering the nanoparticle - protein association offers a new way to form protein crystals as well as new approaches for arrangement of nanoparticles. Central to this control is the nanoparticle surface. By conjugating polymers on the surface with controlled molecular weights many properties of the nanoparticle can be changed including its size, stability in buffers and the association of proteins with its surface. Large molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) coatings allow for weak associations between proteins and nanoparticles. These interactions can lead to changes in how proteins crystallize. In particular, they decrease the time to nucleation and expand the range of conditions over which protein crystals form. Interestingly, when PEG chain lengths are too short then protein association is minimized and these effects are not observed. One important feature of protein crystals nucleated with nanoparticles is that the nanoparticles are incorporated into the crystals. What results are nanoparticles placed at well-defined distances in composite protein-nanoparticle crystals. Crystals on the size scale of 10 - 100 micrometers exhibit optical absorbance, fluorescence and super paramagnetic behavior derivative from the incorporated nanomaterials. The arrangement of nanoparticles into three dimensional arrays also gives rise to new and interesting physical and chemical properties, such as fluorescence enhancement and varied magnetic response. In addition, anisotropic nanomaterials aligned throughout the composite crystal have polarization dependent optical properties.

The central topic of this thesis is parking functions. We give a survey of some of the current literature concerning parking functions and focus on their interaction with other combinatorial objects; namely noncrossing partitions, hyperplane arrangements and tree inversions. In the final chapter, we discuss generalizations of both parking functions and the above structures.

The central topic of this thesis is parking functions. We give a survey of some of the current literature concerning parking functions and focus on their interaction with other combinatorial objects; namely noncrossing partitions, hyperplane arrangements and tree inversions. In the final chapter, we discuss generalizations of both parking functions and the above structures.

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Analysis of the managing contingent workers at an outsourcing system ¡VA case study of the China Steel Corporation and its subcontractors Abstract Nowadays, employment flexibility and Labor Cost Reduction are highly emphasized in the competitive business environment. As the job design becoming more and more specific and professional, the labor cost becoming higher and higher, companies cannot but change their operation style, and contingent workers have become an important source of competitive advantage. This case study was intended to understand the mutual relationship between China Steel Corporation and its subcontractors: why it uses subcontractors, and how it manages them. This study also explored the benefits and working conditions of contingent workers to find out the potential problems of outsourcing. This study has the following preliminary findings. First, Two factors are important determinants on outsourcing decisions: Strategically, the goal is to reduce labor cost and enhance the employment flexibility. Technically, the demand of professional skills, rudimentary skills and special facilities can be satisfied through outsourcing. Second, the relation between China Steel Corporation and its subcontractors has changed after its privatization. According to China Steel Corporation, their interaction has become better because of the flexibility gained after privatization (for example, the budget is no longer controlled by legislative yuan.) But from the subcontractors¡¦ point of view, their interaction has become more difficult because the elimination of their profit and increasing constraints on outsourcing projects. Third, the employees of China Steel Corporation enjoy better wages, benefits, working conditions and training opportunities than employees of subcontractors. Fourth, among the two kinds of employees of subcontractors¡Xpermanent and temporary¡X permanent employees have better wages than temporary ones. As for training, there is not much difference. Fifth, safety is the most serious problem on contingent workers management. The reasons include highly dangerous work environment, workers¡¦ unfamiliarity with the environment, and being recklessness about the work environment rules. One other important management issue for China Steel Corporation is that outsourcing does not necessarily reduce labor cost. High turnover rate among contingent workers and low quality resulting from insufficient skills are combined together to increase the labor cost of China Steel Corporation on supervision, coordination, and quality control. Key words: human resource management, contingent working arrangement, outsourcing, subcontractor, temporary workers.

This research focuses on training bundles, nonstandard work arrangement and their relationship in high-tech industry, and the conclusions are listed as follows, 1. Training bundles and training effectiveness Training practicability has a positive impact on employee productivity, company profitability, innovation and reduction of employee turnover rates. Training institutionalization has a positive impact on employee productivity and company profitability. Rather than reducing employee turnover rates, training has the greater positive impact on employee productivity. Furthermore, larger organizations have higher level of training practicability. 2. Nonstandard work arrangement in high-tech industry As the data showed, over 80% companies ever had nonstandard work arrangement in 2002, and in the companies that had such arrangement, fixed-term hires and subcontractors were mostly used. To adjust for business fluctuations and reduce administrative workload are first two reasons why companies use nonstandard work arrangement. Limited head count and personnel cost saving are also important factors to hire nonstandard workers. In particular, cost saving is the most important factor for companies to use subcontractors. About the occupational structure, most nonstandard workers are either present in the position of administration or production. Only subcontractors are most present in the service occupations such as janitors, cleaners or caterers. With regard to personnel cost saving, compare to using dispatched workers, part-time workers and fixed-term hires are more helpful to reduce the personnel cost. 3. Training bundles and nonstandard work arrangement The result indicates that the level of training bundles can not be the determinant of using nonstandard work arrangement. Besides, we found that organization size has a positive effect on using nonstandard work arrangement, fixed-term hires, dispatched workers and subcontractors.