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Since the 1990s, Sweden's societies has changed in terms of the prevalence and spread of criminal environments. Gun violence in criminal environments has become more frequent and has grown during the last couple of years. The police explains the increased gun violence through organized crime. Previous research has showed that newspapers portrayal of gang crime lacks in a distinct definition of the criminality and are more likely to use condescending descriptions rather than positive ones. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate how the Swedish news media portray and describe gang crime in terms of attribute and definition. To enable the survey, a qualitative content analysis with a limited selection of newspaper articles were used. The study has been conducted with two theories, framing theory and the agenda-setting theory to create an understanding of the news media's presentation of gang crime. To achieve the aim of the study, 18 articles in three newspapers were used in a process of coding to highlight the descriptions of gang crime. The results of the study demonstrated in two main categories and six subcategories. The results of the collected empirical evidence showed that gang crime was presented mainly in a negative way to describe vulnerable areas, young men, shootings and rappers. The results also showed that the definition in Swedish news media is vague and lacks a clear description of what the issue is about.

<p>Online reviews are frequently utilized to determine a product's quality before purchase along with the photographs and one-to-five star ratings. The research addressed the two distinct problems observed in the review systems. </p> <p>First, due to thousands of reviews for a product, the different characteristics of customer evaluations, such as consumer sentiments, cannot be understood by manually reading only a few reviews. Second, from these reviews, it is extremely hard to understand the change in these sentiments and other important product aspects over the years (temporal analysis). To address these problems, the study focused on 2 main research parts.</p> <p>Part one of the research was focused on answering how topic modelling and sentiment analysis can work together to give deeper understanding on attribute-based product review. The second part compared different topic modelling approaches to evaluate the performances and advantages of emerging NLP models. For this purpose, a dataset consisting of 469 publicly accessible Amazon evaluations of the Kindle E-reader and 15,000 reviews of iPhone products was utilized to examine sentiment Analysis and Topic modelling. Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model and BERTopic topic model were used to perform topic modelling and to acquire the diverse topics of concern. Sentiment Analysis was carried out to better understand each topic's positive and negative tones. Topic analysis of Kindle user evaluations revealed the following major themes: (a) leisure consumption, (b) utility as a gift, (c) pricing, (d) parental control, (e) reliability and durability, and (f) charging. While the main themes emerged from the analysis of iPhone reviews depended on the model and year of the device, some themes were found to be consistent across all the iPhone models including (a) Apple vs Android (b) utility as gift and (c) service. The study's approach helped to analyze customer reviews for any product, and the study results provided a deeper understanding of the product's strengths and weaknesses based on a comprehensive analysis of user feedback useful for product makers, retailers, e-commerce platforms, and consumers.</p>

This paper examines the relationship between a multi-attribute attitude model and residential preference as a step towards developing an attitudinal model of housing choice. The use of multi-attribute attitude models, similar to those employed in marketing research, is suggested as a viable means of measuring residential preference, on the basis of measures of individual affect. Conceptual and measurement problems with each component of the suggested model are discussed and two attitude models of residential preference are presented. These models are empirically tested in a pilot study which deals with the housing preferences of a sample of on campus residents at McMaster University. The relationship which is shown to exist between attitude and preference in the pilot study, supports proposals for recommending an attitude model approach to the analysis of housing choice, in a more intensive enquiry. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

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