Ensuring the safety of drinking water, treating wastewater, and remediating soil are ongoing global concerns. Adsorption is a favorable substitute for traditional methods including coagulation, precipitation, membrane separation, and ion-exchange in water purification. Biochar-based sorbents are cheap and effective due to high density surface functional groups, which can retain a wide range of chemicals. This dissertation focused on three main projects involving magnetite (Fe3O4) and struvite/struvite-K (MgNH4PO4.6H2O/MgKPO4.6H2O) deposited high surface area Douglas fir biochar (DFBC) based engineered material for water and soil remediation. Chapter II focuses on toxic arsenic (V) contaminated wastewater remediation using magnetite particles dispersed Douglas fir biochar. This chapter highlights the effect of pH, adsorption kinetics, isotherms, particle sizes, ionic strength, the impact of competitive ions and fixed-bed column sorption on As(V) removal and redox transformation of As(III) to As(V) during the adsorption in a wide range of pHs. Moreover, Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to analyze the composition of Fe3O4 particles formed on Fe3O4/DFBC. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies were conducted to study As(V) adsorption onto Fe3O4/DFBC at a wide range of solution pHs to verify the predominant As adsorption mechanisms. Chapter III focuses on challenging per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contaminated water remediation at low concentrations using Fe3O4/DFBC. In this work, we used classical adsorption techniques to purify PFAS contaminated water. Chapter IV is focused on remediation of depleted soil using struvite/struvite-K- modified Douglas fir biochar (BCF). In this study, we examined the leaching rates of PO43-, NH4+, K+, and Mg2+ from BCF in different water matrices, different temperatures, and a wide range of pHs. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the performances of BCF.

Nitrogen (N) loss in the form of volatilized ammonia (NH₃) is a considerable problem when ammonium (NH₄⁺) forming fertilizers are applied to calcareous or alkaline soils. Large areas of agricultural land, contain alkalinity and salinity problems, are potentially suitable for crop production with little alteration. This study was conducted to determine and compare the effectiveness of urea phosphate (UP) in reducing soil alkalinity and NH₃ loss. The volatilization of NH₃ from UP and urea (U) was studied on 3 selected soils (Hayhook SL, Laveen L and Latene L) using an aeration system. Urea phosphate and U were each applied at rates of 0, 50, 100 and 200 ppm-N either to the surface dry or in solution or mixed with the soil. The volatilized NH₃ was trapped in sulfuric acid, sampled periodically and analyzed for N using the semi microkjeldahl distillation apparatus. The effect of UP, Sulfur-Foam (SF), Phosphuric Solution (PHP) and a mixture of SF and UP (Mix) on leaching soil sodium (Na) and salinity was also studies on two soils (Pima L and Crot CL) in columns. Each of these amendments was applied at a rate of one and two equivalent amounts of the exchangeable Naₑₓ. The highest N loss in the form of NH₃ occurred when U was applied to Hayhook soil. However, UP applied to Hayhook soil (neutral to acidic, coarse textured and low CaCO₃ content) resulted in the lowest NH₃-N loss. Less NH₃-N loss was found from U application to Laveen and Latene soils (fine textured with higher CaCO₃ content) than with Hayhook soil. The general trend was higher N loss, in the form of volatilized NH₃, with surface application dry or in solution than when mixed with the soil. This trend showed an increase in the amount of volatilized NH₃ with increasing rate of N application. Urea phosphate was as effective as PHP or Mix (acid containing fertilizers) treatments in reducing soil salinity and alkalinity in Pima and Crot soils. No difference was found between rates of application (1 and 2 equivalent amount of Naₑₓ) except for soil pH. A similar trend in the decrease in soil salinity was found to that of the pH which was in the order PHP, UP, Mix, SF and control treatments. No significant difference was found between SF and control treatments in all parameters. No significant difference was found between treatments for exchangeable Ca. This was affected by the Ca compounds present in the soil. Generally, UP is a potential fertilizer for supplying N and phosphorus (P) as plant nutrients, reducing NH₃ volatilization, and can be used as a soil amendment to control soil salinity and alkalinity.

The results of this study support the practice of not applying nitrogen at planting time even if the soil N level is low. Highest yields were obtained if the nitrogen that would have been applied at planting time was applied at the 5-leaf stage in addition to the N that would normally be applied at this time. If the preplant N application is skipped, the crop nitrogen status must be monitored carefully and N fertilizer should be applied by the 5-leaf stage to avoid a yield reduction. If a large amount of N is applied at the 5-leaf stage, lodging may be encouraged.

Phosphorus fertilizer represents a significant portion of the cost of producing small grains. Some evidence exists that there are differences in the ability of small grain varieties to take phosphorus up from the soil and utilize this nutrient in the grain. The objective of this study is to determine if barley and wheat varieties grown in Arizona differ in their response to phosphorus fertilizer. A study was initiated at the Maricopa Agricultural Center testing the response of 7 barley and 13 wheat (12 durum wheat and 1 bread wheat) varieties to 2 phosphorus rates (0 and 100 lbs P2O5/acre). The grain yield increase due to phosphorus application averaged across varieties was 474 lbs/acre for barley and 613 lbs/acre for wheat. The barley varieties differed in their grain yield increase due to phosphorus fertilizer and the greatest increase for the commercial varieties tested was 906 lbs and the smallest increase was 245 lbs. We have no statistical evidence that wheat varieties differed in their response to phosphorus fertilizer. The lack of response to phosphorus fertilizer for a particular variety may save production costs if the fertilizer is not applied, but a significant response to phosphorus fertilizer may pay for the fertilizer cost and increase profits. In this study, the higher yielding varieties tended to have a greater response to phosphorus fertilizer, particularly for the barley. This test will be repeated in 2010 to see if the results obtained this year can be duplicated.

No description available.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Agronomy / Dorivar Ruiz Diaz / Winter annual weeds (WAW) could affect nitrogen supply for corn production. The objectives of first study were to determine the diversity and abundance of WAW and to evaluate the effect of delaying herbicide applications on nitrogen supply and no-till corn response. Research was conducted in 2010 and 2011 at 14 sites in eastern Kansas. A factorial arrangement of three herbicide application dates (Nov.-Mar., April, and May) and five N rates were used. The three most abundant WAW across sites were henbit, purslane speedwell, and horseweed. Delaying herbicide application until April significantly reduced early corn N uptake by 52 mg N plant-1, chlorophyll meter readings at silking by 3.4%, and grain yield by 0.48 Mg ha-1 across sites. An additional 16 to 17 kg N ha-1 was needed to maintain yield if herbicide application was delayed until April. Starter and foliar micronutrient fertilization can potentially increase corn and soybean yield. The objectives of the second study were to evaluate crop response from combinations of starter and foliar fertilizers that contain N-P-K mixtures with and without a blend of micronutrients at four sites for each crop under irrigated conditions. No early corn growth or yield increase was attributed to application of micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, and B) beyond what was achieved with N-P-K starter fertilization. There was an increase in soybean height (8 cm) and yield (293 kg ha-1) with starter fertilizer containing N-P-K plus micronutrients over the control. No increase in corn or soybean yield was obtained with foliar fertilization. The objective of the third study was to compare soil mobility and changes in soybean nutrient concentration in the leaf and seed from Mn and Zn sources (EDTA and oxysulfate) at two sites. Zinc sources were more mobile in the soil. Both Zn sources increased seed Zn concentration. Manganese oxysulfate increased seed Mn concentration. However, soybean trifoliolate leaf and seed Mn concentration decreased with soil-applied Na2EDTA and MnEDTA. This response was attributed to formation of FeEDTA and increased Fe supply that reduced root Mn absorption. Manganese EDTA is not recommended for soil application.

A capacidade do instrumento Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) foi investigada para a possibilidade de atuar como uma ferramenta de quantificação. Um instrumento de baixo custo fechado do dispositivo de acoplamento de cargas (CCD) foi utilizado a fim de quantificar (K), (Ca), (Mn), (Mg), e (Cu) presente em 26 amostras de fertilizantes constituídos de diferentes matrizes, alguns fosfato de organo-mineral e outros de material inorgânico (quantificação de elementos presentes em fertilizante organominerais nunca tinha acontecido). Duas técnicas de referências foram utilizadas para validar as habilidades de quantificação: Plasma Acoplado Indutivo-Espectroscopia de Emissão Ótica (ICP-OES) e Espectroscopia de Absorção Atômica (AAS). O melhor pico representando cada elemento foi encontrado para produzir a melhor correlação entre cada pixel CCD e a concentração de elementos obtidos a partir das técnicas de referência. O pico mais adequado de LIBS foi tratado com um procedimento de normalização, a fim de corrigir os efeitos de matriz e as pequenas flutuações no plasma. Após o pico produzido por LIBS ser normalizado, foi linearmente montado contra os dados das duas técnicas de referência e duas curvas de calibração para cada um dos elementos foram construídas. Quando o procedimento de normalização não foi aplicado, valores de R-quadrado diminuiu entre 0,1-0,2 em quase todos os elementos. No entanto, entre os resultados produzidos pelas duas curvas de calibração, após o procedimento de normalização ser aplicado, os valores de correlação R-quadrado variaram de 0,8-0,98, o que foi considerado adequado para os elementos de interesse. O LOD para LIBS também foi calculado e verificou-se que quando os valores estavam abaixo do limite de determinação, a validade de LIBS como uma ferramenta de quantificação diminuiu. Além disso, uma análise de erro de validação cruzada foi feita com LIBS-ICP e LIBS-AAS, o que originou valores de erro de 22% - 28% para alguns dos elementos, quando todas as amostras foram incluídas. Mas quando as amostras abaixo do LOD foram excluídas, aqueles valores de erro desceram significativamente, e resultou na gama de 7% - 20%. Uma análise de validação cruzada também foi feita para as concentrações dos elementos determinados pelas técnicas de referência e esses resultados produziram valores de erro variando de 9% - 23%. As semelhanças entre os valores de erro LIBS e os valores de erro das técnicas de referência, dá credibilidade para a capacidade de LIBS para atuar como uma ferramenta para a quantificação de elementos presentes em fertilizantes compostos de diferentes matrizes. / The ability of the instrument Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) was investigated for the possibility of acting as a quantification tool of analysis. A low-cost gated charged coupled device (CCD) was used in order to quantify (K), (Ca), (Mn), (Mg), and (Cu) present in 26 fertilizer samples made up of different matrixes, some of organic-mineral phosphate and others of inorganic material; evaluation of elements in organomineral fertilizers had never been done by LIBS. Two reference techniques were used in order to validate the quantification abilities: Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The best peak representing each element was found by finding the best correlation between each CCD pixel and the element concentration obtained from the reference techniques. The most appropriate peak from LIBS was treated with a normalization procedure in order to correct for physical matrix effects and small plasma fluctuations. After the LIBS peak was normalized, it was linearly fitted against the data from the two reference techniques, thus two calibration curves for each element were built. When the normalization procedure was not applied, R-squared values decreased between 0.1 - 0.2 in almost all the elements. However, amongst the results of the two calibration curves after the normalization procedure was applied, R-squared correlation values ranged from 0.8-0.98, which were considered adequate for the elements of interest. The LOD for LIBS was also calculated and it was found that when values were below the LOD, the validity of LIBS as a quantification tool decreased. Moreover, a cross-validation error analysis was done with LIBS-ICP and LIBS-AAS, which yielded error values of 22% - 28% for some of the elements when all samples were included, but when samples below the LOD were excluded, those error values went down significantly, and resulted within the range of 7% - 20%. A cross-validation analysis was also done for the element concentrations determined by the reference techniques and those results yielded error values ranging from 9%- 23%. The similarities between the LIBS error values and the reference techniques error values, gives credibility to the ability of LIBS to act as a tool for quantifying elements in fertilizers composed of different matrixes.

Os solos brasileiros apresentam no geral alto grau de intemperismo e são caracterizados pelo baixo teor de fósforo (P) disponível às plantas, devido à forte ligação com os minerais do solo (oxi-hidróxidos de Fe e Al). Esse elemento muito importante no metabolismo vegetal necessita ser aplicado em grandes quantidades na forma de adubo fosfatado para obtenção de altas produtividades agrícolas. No entanto, a produção de fertilizante solúvel convencional, como é o caso do superfosfato triplo (SFT), envolve gastos elevados de energia e emprego de ácidos fortes, gerando resíduos com alto potencial de contaminação ao meio ambiente. A fim de eliminar a etapa de acidificação industrial, nosso objetivo foi avaliar um biofertilizante fosfatado (BF) produzido a partir da solubilização de fosfato de rocha de Araxá (pouco reativo), pelo fungo Aspergillus niger. Nesse trabalho, foi testada em plantas de milho: (i) a eficiência do BF como substituinte parcial de SFT; (ii) alterações morfológicas de raízes de milho causadas pelo fungo presente no BF. No primeiro teste, em esquema fatorial 6x2, foram aplicadas doses de BF a fim de substituir o SFT em 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 %, mais controle sem aplicação de P. A aplicação ocorreu em dois métodos, localizado em linha e volume total do solo. Foram avaliados o peso de massa seca da parte aérea, teor e conteúdo de P no tecido vegetal, atividade da fosfatase ácida e índice Spad. Para a análise das alterações morfológicas de raízes, foram utilizados tubos rizothron preenchidos com areia, com a aplicação dos tratamentos em volume total. Os tratamentos foram: SFT; BF com fungo vivo; BF com fungo morto; controle sem P. As coletas da parte aérea e raízes correram a cada 7 dias, iniciando a contagem ao sétimo dia. Foram avaliadas a produção de matéria seca de raízes, da parte aérea, a área superficial de raízes, o volume radicular e as classes de diâmetro de raízes. As doses de substituição mais promissoras foram de 25 e 50%, representando 89,02 e 80,86% da produção vegetal do SFT e 88,67 e 81,81% do conteúdo de P no tecido vegetal, respectivamente, ambos em aplicação em volume total. A presença do fungo vivo no BF não proporcionou diferenças nos parâmetros analisados. Apesar de serem necessários mais estudos e adaptações no processo de produção, o BF se mostrou promissor na substituição parcial da adubação fosfatada com SFT. O uso de BF proporciona, através da sua composição, o aproveitamento de resíduos agrícolas de baixo custo e a utilização de jazidas nacionais de fosfato de rocha, as quais possuem baixa reatividade. / Brazilian soils generally are highly weathered and characterized by low phosphate (P) content available to plants, due to high affinity of P to soil minerals, specially oxi-hydroxides of iron and aluminium. This important element in vegetal metabolism is needed to be applied in great quantities as phosphate fertilizer in order to attain high crop yields. However, the production of soluble conventional fertilizers, such as triple superphosphate (TSP), is costly and employs strong acids, generating residues potentially harmful to the environment. In order to avoid industrial acidification, our aim was to access the performance of a phosphate biofertilizer (BF) obtained from the solubilization of Araxá phosphate rock (low reactivity) by the fungus Aspergillus niger, L.. The suitability of BF to corn plants was investigated for: (i) efficiency of BF replacing TSP and (ii) morphological changes in plant roots caused by the fungus present in the BF. In the first experiment, designed in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, rates of BF were applied in order to replace 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of TSP plus a control without P addition. The fertilizer was applied in bands or thoroughly mixed with soil. Plant shoot dry mass, total P content accumulated in the shoot, acid phosphatase activity and Spad index were measured. In the second experiment, morphological changes in plant roots were evaluated using rizothron tubes filled with sand where BF was mixed thoroughly. The treatments were TSP, BF with living fungus, BF with dead fungus and the control without P addition. Plant shoot and roots were collected every 7 days, starting from the 7th day after emergence. We measured dry mass of shoot and root, root surface area, volume and diameter. We found that when applied in total soil volume, fertilizer mixtures containing 25 and 50% of BF, a 89 and 80.9% of the dry matter and 88.7 and 81.8% of P content compared to the addition of 100% of TSP, respectively. For the variables measured, there was no difference in the results when applying BF with alive or dead fungus. We conclude that although further studies and improvement in the BF production are needed, the use of BF as partial replacer for TSP fertilizer is promising. Furthermore, BF use allows the recycling of low cost agricultural residues and the utilization of national deposits of rock phosphate, which are low reactive.

Os solos brasileiros apresentam no geral alto grau de intemperismo e são caracterizados pelo baixo teor de fósforo (P) disponível às plantas, devido à forte ligação com os minerais do solo (oxi-hidróxidos de Fe e Al). Esse elemento muito importante no metabolismo vegetal necessita ser aplicado em grandes quantidades na forma de adubo fosfatado para obtenção de altas produtividades agrícolas. No entanto, a produção de fertilizante solúvel convencional, como é o caso do superfosfato triplo (SFT), envolve gastos elevados de energia e emprego de ácidos fortes, gerando resíduos com alto potencial de contaminação ao meio ambiente. A fim de eliminar a etapa de acidificação industrial, nosso objetivo foi avaliar um biofertilizante fosfatado (BF) produzido a partir da solubilização de fosfato de rocha de Araxá (pouco reativo), pelo fungo Aspergillus niger. Nesse trabalho, foi testada em plantas de milho: (i) a eficiência do BF como substituinte parcial de SFT; (ii) alterações morfológicas de raízes de milho causadas pelo fungo presente no BF. No primeiro teste, em esquema fatorial 6x2, foram aplicadas doses de BF a fim de substituir o SFT em 0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 %, mais controle sem aplicação de P. A aplicação ocorreu em dois métodos, localizado em linha e volume total do solo. Foram avaliados o peso de massa seca da parte aérea, teor e conteúdo de P no tecido vegetal, atividade da fosfatase ácida e índice Spad. Para a análise das alterações morfológicas de raízes, foram utilizados tubos rizothron preenchidos com areia, com a aplicação dos tratamentos em volume total. Os tratamentos foram: SFT; BF com fungo vivo; BF com fungo morto; controle sem P. As coletas da parte aérea e raízes correram a cada 7 dias, iniciando a contagem ao sétimo dia. Foram avaliadas a produção de matéria seca de raízes, da parte aérea, a área superficial de raízes, o volume radicular e as classes de diâmetro de raízes. As doses de substituição mais promissoras foram de 25 e 50%, representando 89,02 e 80,86% da produção vegetal do SFT e 88,67 e 81,81% do conteúdo de P no tecido vegetal, respectivamente, ambos em aplicação em volume total. A presença do fungo vivo no BF não proporcionou diferenças nos parâmetros analisados. Apesar de serem necessários mais estudos e adaptações no processo de produção, o BF se mostrou promissor na substituição parcial da adubação fosfatada com SFT. O uso de BF proporciona, através da sua composição, o aproveitamento de resíduos agrícolas de baixo custo e a utilização de jazidas nacionais de fosfato de rocha, as quais possuem baixa reatividade. / Brazilian soils generally are highly weathered and characterized by low phosphate (P) content available to plants, due to high affinity of P to soil minerals, specially oxi-hydroxides of iron and aluminium. This important element in vegetal metabolism is needed to be applied in great quantities as phosphate fertilizer in order to attain high crop yields. However, the production of soluble conventional fertilizers, such as triple superphosphate (TSP), is costly and employs strong acids, generating residues potentially harmful to the environment. In order to avoid industrial acidification, our aim was to access the performance of a phosphate biofertilizer (BF) obtained from the solubilization of Araxá phosphate rock (low reactivity) by the fungus Aspergillus niger, L.. The suitability of BF to corn plants was investigated for: (i) efficiency of BF replacing TSP and (ii) morphological changes in plant roots caused by the fungus present in the BF. In the first experiment, designed in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, rates of BF were applied in order to replace 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% of TSP plus a control without P addition. The fertilizer was applied in bands or thoroughly mixed with soil. Plant shoot dry mass, total P content accumulated in the shoot, acid phosphatase activity and Spad index were measured. In the second experiment, morphological changes in plant roots were evaluated using rizothron tubes filled with sand where BF was mixed thoroughly. The treatments were TSP, BF with living fungus, BF with dead fungus and the control without P addition. Plant shoot and roots were collected every 7 days, starting from the 7th day after emergence. We measured dry mass of shoot and root, root surface area, volume and diameter. We found that when applied in total soil volume, fertilizer mixtures containing 25 and 50% of BF, a 89 and 80.9% of the dry matter and 88.7 and 81.8% of P content compared to the addition of 100% of TSP, respectively. For the variables measured, there was no difference in the results when applying BF with alive or dead fungus. We conclude that although further studies and improvement in the BF production are needed, the use of BF as partial replacer for TSP fertilizer is promising. Furthermore, BF use allows the recycling of low cost agricultural residues and the utilization of national deposits of rock phosphate, which are low reactive.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-19T20:11:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Juliano Bahiense Stafanato.pdf: 777062 bytes, checksum: 5c25a6af1b707f5ea33fcb9f45c94a6a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-19T20:11:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Juliano Bahiense Stafanato.pdf: 777062 bytes, checksum: 5c25a6af1b707f5ea33fcb9f45c94a6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-21 / CAPES / This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of nitrogen losses by volatilization of ammonia from urea fertilizers pelletized with different micronutrients (zinc, copper and boron), and to evaluate possible residual effect of these nutrients as well as the effect on the growth and development of corn (Zea mays) plants. The studies took place in a greenhouse at the experimental area of the Soils Department of Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. The soil used in this study was sampled from surface horizon of a Fragiudult soil and had sandy texture. For testing volatilization and residual effect of nitrogen two doses (100 and 200 kg ha-1) were applied. The fertilizers were evaluated for N losses for a period of 21 days. After the period of the N losses evaluation, corn seeds were planted in the same soil, to assess the residual effect of these pelletized fertilizer containing micronutrients. After these two experiments, they were selected, among the 15 pelletized urea formulas, 9 products that showed the best results, especially those which resulted in decreasing N losses by volatilization. These products were then evaluated for their effect on growth and development of corn plants, using the variety Sol da Manh?. The amount of the micronutrient boron in the pelletized urea positively influenced the reduction of N losses by NH3 volatilization, particularly when in higher concentration (4.0% B), reducing N losses by 50% (rate of 100 kg ha-1) and 64 % (dose of 200 kg ha-1) compared to the pearly urea. In general, the pelletized urea containing micronutrients, especially B, single or associated with Zn and Cu, showed to be a promising alternative for new fertilizers, with the goal of reducingN losses by volatilization. There was no effect of the different nitrogen fertilizers application as for increasing residual N in the soil. The application of the pelletized urea containing Zn, Cu and B micronutrients, single and / or associated, increased their quantities in the soil. The largest additions of the micronutrients Zn, Cu and B in the soil, using the pelletized urea, consequently, reflected in greatest amounts of these elements in the maize plant. The addition of zinc by application of pelletized urea did not show positive effect in the growth of corn plant as expected. Possibly, due to zinc quantities in the soil sufficient to supply the plants requirement. The presence of boron in the pelletized urea influenced the accumulation of N in the plants, especially for B concentrations in the fertilizer above 2.0 %. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a din?mica de perdas de nitrog?nio por volatiliza??o da am?nia oriundo de fertilizantes pastilhados de ureia com diferentes micronutrientes (zinco, cobre e boro), avaliando o poss?vel efeito residual destes nutrientes como tamb?m seu efeito sobre o crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de milho (Zea mays). Os estudos foram realizados em casa de vegeta??o localizada na ?rea experimental do Departamento de Solos da UFRRJ. O solo utilizado neste trabalho foi proveniente de um horizonte superficial de um Planossolo H?plico (textura arenosa). Para o ensaio de volatiliza??o e efeito residual foram utilizados duas doses de N (100 e 200 kg ha-1), onde os diferentes fertilizantes foram avaliados quanto as perdas de N por um per?odo de 21 dias. Ap?s o per?odo de avalia??o das perdas de N foram plantadas no mesmo solo, sementes de milho com intuito de avaliar o efeito residual destes fertilizantes pastilhados contendo micronutrientes. Ao t?rmino destes dois ensaios, foram ent?o selecionados dentre os 15 pastilhados de ureia, 9 produtos que apresentaram os melhores resultados, principalmente aqueles que resultaram em maiores redu??es nas perdas de N por volatiliza??o, que foram ent?o avaliados quanto ao seu efeito no crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de milho, variedade Sol da Manh?. O micronutriente boro presente nos pastilhados de ureia influenciaram positivamente na redu??o das perdas de N-NH3 por volatiliza??o, principalmente quando presente na maior concentra??o (4,0% B), reduzindo as perdas de N em 50% (dose de 100 kg ha-1) e em 64% (dose de 200 kg ha-1) as perdas em rela??o a ureia perolada. De forma geral, os pastilhados de ureia contendo micronutrientes, principalmente B de forma isolada e/ou associado com Zn e Cu demonstraram ser uma alternativa promissora de novos fertilizantes com objetivo de reduzir as perdas de N por volatiliza??o. N?o houve efeito da aplica??o dos diferentes fertilizantes nitrogenados em aumentar as quantidades residuais de N no solo. A aplica??o dos pastilhados de ureia contendo os micronutrientes Zn, Cu e B isolados e/ou associados aumentaram as quantidades destes no solo. As maiores adi??es dos micronutrientes Zn, Cu e B no solo via ureia pastilhada refletiram-se, consequentemente, em maiores quantidades destes elementos na planta de milho. A adi??o de zinco via aplica??o de ureia pastilhada n?o apresentou efeito positivo em incrementar o crescimento da planta de milho como esperado. Possivelmente, pois as quantidades de zinco no solo foram suficientes para suprir as necessidades das plantas. A presen?a de boro nos pastilhados de ureia influenciaram o ac?mulo de N nas plantas, principalmente para concentra??es de B no fertilizante acima de 2,0%.