The subject of this study is the preacher and his preaching attitude according to the Pastoral Epistles. The following aspects are addressed: • Basistheoretical perspectives on preacher and preaching attitude • Meta-theoretical perspectives on preacher and preaching attitude. • Practice-theoretical perspectives on preacher and preaching atitude. It is attempted to achieve the intended goal by investigating Word preaching concepts from the Pastoral Letters to which six attitudes are attached. The attitudes are divided in three groups: • Attitudes concerning the earnestness and zeal of preaching. • Attitudes concerning the content of preaching. • Attitudes concerning the manner and method of preaching. The attitudes named above are: Preaching in a non-overwhelming attitude, preaching in a attitude of honesty and virtuousness, preaching in an attitude of patience, preaching in sound doctrine, preaching with full authority and preaching in the attitude of faith and truth. Four concepts that are connected directly to the preacher are indicated: preacher, apostle, teacher and evangelist. Four metaphors are indicated: manager, soldier, athlete and farmer which in tum emphasize three attitudes: irreproachability, self-denial as well as an attitude of willingness. Per definition preaching attitude deals with a given way of thinking, feeling and a way of behaviour and proceeding in the action of preaching. The attitude of the preacher is emphasized by certain indicated qualities affecting the preacher's person, character and performance. The correct preaching attitude is cultivated and developed in a continuous relationship with God. Spirituality as religious orientation of the preacher gives direction to the practice of attitude. Meta-theoreretical perspectives from the science of behaviourism are exploited. From the Social Psychology as well as Communication Science the forming of attitudes, the influence of attitudes upon behaviour, as well as the changing of attitudes are discussed. It is indicated that people influence each other. It is therefore essential that preachers ascertain their own preaching attitude by means of continuous self- examination. Practice-theoretical perspectives as the outcome of the hermeneutical interaction between the exploited basictheoretical and metatheoretical perspectives are presented. Along with this, concretizing perspectives are aimed at the preacher's attitude, the preparation of sermons (prayer, exegesis and hermeneusis ), the presentation of sermons, the discussion of the sermon as well as critisism on sermons and their presentation are indicated. The aim of the study is to identify preacher and preaching attitude in the light of the Pastoral Letters in order to establish perspectives aimed at the praxis. / Thesis (ThM)--PU for CHE, 1999

African languages / D.Litt. et Phil.

The oral transmission of history dates back to the Greeks as does the history of the subject of oral interpretation of literature. In the twentieth century the deliberate collection of oral histories has become popular as an adjunct to written documents. With the assumption that oral history can add to written documents in any field, this dissertation tests the tool of oral history as a means of contributing to the history of the field of oral interpretation of literature. The research consists of four formally collected oral histories with prominent, retired, and long-time teachers of oral interpretation of literature in universities. Interviewed were Dr. Alethea Mattingly, professor of speech on the faculty of the University of Arizona until 1974; Dr. Isabel Crouch, Professor at New Mexico State University until 1986; Dr. Charlotte Lee, Professor at Northwestern University until 1974; Dr. Wallace A. Bacon, Professor and head of the department of interpretation at Northwestern University until 1979. The review of literature was drawn from the history of oral interpretation of literature, the history of the use of oral history, and the current material on oral history methodology as well as discussion on the uses and products of oral history work in other fields. A description of the arrangements made for and used in the actual interviews is included with observations on the transcription and the transactional nature of the interviews. An evaluation of the range and kinds of information derived from examination of these collected oral history transcripts is made in the final chapter for findings and conclusions. Information of corroboration and new information from the interviews did add to written histories in oral interpretation. Conclusions point to facts and ideas a historian might find of use, particularly future biographical studies. Suggestion is made that students with interviewing skills be encouraged to continue collection of oral histories to add to the storehouse of data for primary resource material. Oral history also proves to be a fine source for the rich portrayal of a human personality. As well as collecting data, oral history proves to be a unique and irreplaceable document.

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