No description available.

Orientador: Suzi Frankl Sperber / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T22:31:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luna_Sandra_D.pdf: 24302800 bytes, checksum: 64a7fca441003da5ee22886dba7eb379 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Resumo: Este trabalho investiga o conceito de ação na dramaturgia trágica, revisitando uma tradição que se origina na Grécia Antiga, berço da tragédia, e que se estende inquestionada até meados do século XX, quando a pós-modernidade lança seu desafio à racionalidade, à subjetividade e ao conhecimento conceitual, pressupostos fundamentais à teorização sobre a ação. Considerando, por um lado, a contribuição dessa nova visada critica aos estudos literários, por outro, a dificuldade de se escapar a essas mesmas categorias que os pensadores pós-modernos tentam desconstruir, a pesquisa se desenvolve através de uma articulação metodológica que aproveita idéias e conceitos formulados pelos pensadores do drama, confrontando-os com leituras próprias de "fontes primárias" e com informações de caráter histórico, literário, filosófico, antropológico, epistemológico, entre outras. Dessas negociações emerge um quadro conceitual cuja rentabilidade teórica é finalmente aferida em um corpus interdisciplinar, composto de uma peça da dramaturgia trágica - A Streetcar Named Desire, de Tennessee Williams, e suas adaptações fílmicas, uma dirigida por Elia Kazan em 1951, a outra por Glenn Jordan em 1995. Situado esse corpus fora dos limites históricos da trajetória que inspirou os conceitos e as hipóteses formuladas como fundamentos estruturais da ação trágica, a verificação da permanência e da validade desses conceitos na análise das obras legitima a própria orientação metodológica da pesquisa, assim como referenda a tese que, de hipótese em hipótese, se constrói ao longo do percurso. Ao final do trabalho, confirma-se que a dramaturgia trágica ocidental se estrutura como uma estratégia poética de racionalização, um gênero que se esforça por impor uma lógica causal àquilo que, no limite, é inexplicável e inescrutável: o trágico destino humano / Abstract: This work investigates the concept of action in tragic drama, revising a tradition originated in Ancient Greece, birthplace of tragedy, a tradition which extends itself up to the middle of the twentieth century, when representatives of the so-called "post-modem" thought defy exactly the premises upon which this dramatic tradition was built up -rationality, subjectivity and the bases of conceptual knowledge. Considering, on one hand, the contributions of these new critical trends to literary studies, on the other, the difficulties to escape the categories post-modern thinkers try to "deconstruct", this research develops through a methodological articulation based on a permanent evaluation of the concepts and ideas proposed by the theoretical tradition in the light of personal readings of " primary sources" and other - historical, literary, philosophical, anthropological, epistemological sources of information. From these negotiations a set of conceptual elements emerges as the fundamentals of tragic drama, its validity being asserted through the analysis of an interdisciplinary corpus, composed of a twentieth century drama (A Streetcar Named Desire, by Tenessee Williams) and its two filmic adaptations (one by Elia Kazan, from1951, the other by Glenn Jordan, ITom 1995). Because the play and its adaptations are situated out of the historical boundaries of the investigative trajectory which inspired the concepts and the hypotheses formulated as the fundamentals of tragic action, the verification of the permanence and validity of these concepts in the analyses of the corpus not only asserts the methodological orientation of the research, but also legitimizes the thesis which, from hypothesis to hypothesis, was built up. At the end of the work, occidental tragic drama is proclaimed as a poetical strategy of rationalization, a geme which imposes a causal logic to what is, in its limit, inexplicableand inscrutable- the tragic destiny of human beings / Doutorado / Literatura Geral e Comparada / Doutor em Teoria e História Literária

Cette thèse explore et analyse l’œuvre théâtrale d’André Engel, metteur en scène français atypique. Depuis 1972, il travaille avec une équipe de création constituée des dramaturges Bernard Pautrat puis Dominique Muller, du décorateur Nicky Rieti et de l’éclairagiste André Diot. André Engel a d’abord créé ses spectacles dans des lieux inédits : haras, usine désaffectée, ancienne mairie, hangar, donnant naissance à des « Objets Théâtraux Non Identifiés » qui marquèrent le théâtre des années soixante-dix et quatre-vingt ; formes que la nécessité de travailler dans les salles fit évoluer. Attaché à la question du spectateur, André Engel a, tout au long de son œuvre, proposé un renouvellement de son statut. De la création « hors les murs » au théâtre en salle, du « détour » par l’opéra à la tentation du cinéma, l’œuvre d’André Engel, constituée en cycles, est une véritable aventure théâtrale, une machine au rhizome complexe qui sort des repères connus. Nourri de philosophie allemande, d’influences deleuziennes et de lectures situationnistes, André Engel est venu au théâtre pour changer le monde. Il crée des événements, des expérimentations, des situations, proposant de nouveaux espaces-temps dans un acte de résistance et de reconquête du monde qui s’associe à une poésie de l’errance, du voyage et de la dérive. Machine de guerre contre « la société du spectacle », le théâtre est, pour André Engel, le lieu et le moyen d’un combat contre le monde aliéné, pour la reconquête de l’authenticité du réel. / This thesis explores and analyzes the theatrical work of André Engel, an unconventional French stage director, working since 1972 with a team composed of dramatists Bernard Pautrat followed by Dominique Muller, designer Nicky Rieti and lighting designer André Diot, as a creative ensemble. André Engel staged his first performances in unusual places : a stud farm, a disused factory, a former town hall, a warehouse, giving birth to « Objets Théâtraux Non Identifiés » : landmarks in the theatre scene of the 70s and 80s. The need to work in conventional theatre brought with it in an evolution of his art. Throughout his work, André Engel proposes a new vision of the status of spectator. From « hors les murs » to more traditional venues, from incursions into opera to the temptations of cinema, these cycles in André Engel’s work are a true adventure in theatre, a machine with a complex rhizome which does not tread well-beaten paths. Nurtured by German philosophy, by the thought of Gilles Deleuze and influenced by readings of the Situationists, André Engel came to theatre in order to change the world. He creates events, experiments, situations, offering as an act of resistance, new dimensions in space and time : re-conquests of a world associated with the poetics of wandering, travelling, being adrift. As a machine for war against « la société du spectacle » as Guy Debord calls it, theatre for André Engel provides the perfect place and means for fighting against a world of alienation, for re-conquering the authenticity of the real.

Die in der Geschichte der Künste als Neoavantgarde der frühen 1960er Jahre bezeichneten Entwicklungen der Grenzüberschreitung und Prozessorientierung bilden in exemplarischen Analysen das Zentrum des Gegenstandsbereichs dieser Arbeit. Sie umfassen sowohl die grundlegenden Innovationen, die - von John Cages Ideen und Konzeptionen angestoßen – die Arbeit der Komponisten/Performer der Live Electronic Music prägten, wie die Erweiterung der künstlerischen Materialien und Veränderung der Verfahren der Bildenden Kunst seit Happening und Fluxus. Sie umfassen die minimalistischen Verschiebungen des Verständnisses von Körper-Bewegung und Objekten in der Tanz/Performance vor allem der New Yorker Judson Dance Group und die performative Erforschung der Grundlagen von Kino/Film-Wahrnehmung im Expanded Cinema. An diesen drei Bereichen wird eine doppelte historische Bewegung aufgezeigt: zum einen die des Durchstreichens, Verschiebens, Ersetzens konventionalisierter Parameter und Wert-Hierarchien; zum anderen eine durch den Entwicklungsschub technischer Medien und deren Auswirkungen auf Gesellschaft und Wahrnehmung angestoßenes Interesse an der Verbindung von Kunst und Medien. Eine wichtige Schnittstelle dieser Entwicklungen manifestiert sich in den Aufführungen der inzwischen legendären Nine Evenings: Theatre and Engineering, die 1966 in New York stattfanden. Die Analyse dieses Ereignisses, des Arbeitsprozesses, der ihm vorausging und an dem in gleicher Weise Künstler und Ingenieure beteiligt waren, wie der einzelnen Performances bildet einen Ausgangspunkt dieser Untersuchung. Dass Systemtheorie und Kybernetik als Denkmodelle für die Kunstproduktion erschlossen werden sollten, lässt sich nicht nur anhand der Manifestationen dieses Ereignisses zeigen, sondern auch anhand der Analyse zeitgenössischer Diskurse im Kunstfeld nachweisen. Live Electronic Arts heißt in diesem Zusammenhang: das unmittelbar (aktuell) vorgeführte Handeln mit technischen Medien in einer performativen Anordnung. Diese Verbindung wird von den Künstlern selbst als Mensch/Maschine-Kopplung verstanden – der Konstruktionsprozess wird zu einem wesentlichen Bestandteil künstlerischer Strategie. Der Einbezug zeitgenössischer Technologien wird so nicht als Frage nach der Neuartigkeit von Darstellungsmodi relevant, sondern als eine Frage nach Prozessen des Regelns, Steuerns und der Signalübertragung (control&communication) – also nach den Prozessen, die das Agieren mit ihnen strukturieren. Ausgehend von den Nine Evenings und der an ihnen beteiligten Künstler – Musiker, Tänzer und Choreographen sowie Bildende Künstler und Filmemacher – widmet sich die Arbeit in detaillierter Untersuchung den Versuchsreihen der einzelnen Künstler, denen die experimentellen Performances zugerechnet werden können. Sie zeigt für alle drei Bereiche – Live Electronic Music, die performativen Praktiken der Judson Dance Group und Expanded Cinema – unter welchen Bedingungen, ein Interesse und die Arbeit an der Kopplung von Körper-Bewegung und technischen Systemen entstand. / The developments of transgression and process-orientation, which in art history are designated as the Neo-Avantgarde of the early 1960s, form the central subject of this text with its exemplary analyses. They involve the fundamental innovations, which - initiated by John Cage''s ideas and concepts - characterised the work of the composers/performers of Live Electronic Music, as well as the expansion of artistic materials and the modification of art''s techniques since Happening and Fluxus. They also cover the minimalistic shifts in the understanding of bodily movement and objects above all in the dance/performance of the New York based Judson Dance Group and the performative investigation of the foundations of cinema/film perception in the Expanded Cinema. A twofold historical movement is illustrated in these three areas: on the one hand, the movement of cancellation, postponement, substitution of conventional parameters and value hierarchies; on the other, one of interest in the connection between art and the media triggered by the thrust of development in the technological media and their effects on society and perception. An important point of intersection of these developments manifests itself in the performances of the since legendary Nine Evenings: Theatre and Engineering, which took place in New York in 1966. The analysis of this event, of the process of work that preceded it and which involved artists and engineers in equal measure, as well as of the individual performances forms the basis of this investigation. That system theory and cybernetics should be developed as a working hypothesis for art production can be demonstrated not only through manifestations of this event, but also through contemporary discourses in the field of art. In this context, Live Electronic Arts means the immediately (currently) performed action in a perfomative configuration using technological media. The artists themselves understand this relation as an interconnection of human being and machine. The process of construction becomes an essential component of the artistic strategy. The inclusion of contemporary technologies becomes relevant not as a question about the novelty of the modes of representation, but as a question about the processes of structuring, regulating and the transmission of signals (control & communication), thus about processes that structure the performance with these technologies. Beginning with the Nine Evenings and the participating artists (musicians, dancers, choreographers, as well as visual artists and film makers), this text provides a detailed investigation into the series of experiments of the individual artists, to which the experimental performances can be attributed. It demonstrates for all three areas (Live Electronic Music, the perfomative practices of the Judson Dance Group, and Expanded Cinema) under what circumstances interest in and work on the interconnection of bodily movement and technological systems arose.