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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Teorias da gravitação e geometria de Weyl

Pucheu, María Laura 28 June 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Vasti Diniz (vastijpa@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-19T13:39:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1029692 bytes, checksum: e88e69e5c9a3cffdaf665a4b3a2d8d85 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-19T13:39:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1029692 bytes, checksum: e88e69e5c9a3cffdaf665a4b3a2d8d85 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-28 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / We show that the theory of General Relativity can be entirely formulated in the language of the integrable Weyl geometry. We develop the concept of Weyl frames and state the fact that they are completely equivalent as far as geodesic motion is concerned. In the case of General Relativity, we build an action that is manifestly invariant with respect to Weyl transformations. In this scenario, the gravitational field is described by a combination of both the metric and a geometrical scalar field. We illustrate this point by examining how distinct geometrical and physical pictures of the same phenomena may arise in different frames for the particular case of conformally flat spacetimes. Besides, we show that our choice of Weyl geometry for describing the space-time of General Relativity completely agrees with Poincare ideas that the geometry of space was merely a convention and that no geometry is more correct than any other, only more convenient. On the other hand, we consider the Brans-Dicke gravitational theory as a point of departure for constructing a geometric scalar-field theory. In this approach we apply the Palatini variational method to the Brans-Dicke action. We then are naturally led to conclude that space-time has the geometrical structure of a Weyl integrable manifold. We briefly examine some features of this scalar-tensor theory in which Brans-Dicke scalar field now plays the role of a geometrical field. / A gravitagao tern lido atribuida, desde a aparigao da relatividade geral, a curvatura do espago­tempo. A linguagem geometrodinamica por esta teoria introduzida, representa uma ferra­menta conveniente para predizer o comportamento da materia. Partindo da ideia proposta por Poincare de que a geometria do espago é apenas uma convengao, afirmando que nenhuma geometria é mais correta que outra, mas mais conveniente, mostramos como certas teorias da gravitagao, ern particular a teoria geral da relatividade, assim como a teoria de Brans-Dicke, podem ser completamente reformuladas numa geometria que é uma generalizagao da geometria riemanniana: a geometria de Weyl integravel. Corn esta escolha da linguagem matematica, o movimento das particulas e raios de luz correspondem a geodesicas weylia­nas, as quais satisfazem uma nova classe de invariancia, a invariancia por transformagoes de Weyl. Estas transformagoes permitem definir os chamados referenciais de Weyl e, no caso da teoria da gravitagao criada por Einstein, recupera-la na sua formulagao riemanniana, num gauge particular. Por outro lado, esta modificagao na dinamica dos objetos traz uma nova percepgao dos fenomenos fisicos que tentaremos explorar.
2

Alguns resultados sobre cordas cósmicas em teorias de gravitação

Barbosa, Denis Barros 11 December 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:14:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1343904 bytes, checksum: e6a827a05ce6f44bfd65a1e4edd24434 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In this thesis we obtain the geometry associated with a cosmic string in two different models of modified gravity, namely: f(R) and Gauss-Bonnet theories. We Determined the solutions for static cosmic string and spinning cosmic string, with and without interior structure in f(R) and a static cosmic string in Gauss-Bonnet theory. For the static case, we solved the Dirac equation, and determined the fermionic current. We also found, in the context general theory of relativity, one solution with rotation corresponding to a rotation cloud of strings(Letelier spacetime), by using the method of Newman-Janis. / Nesta tese obtemos a geometria gerada por cordas cósmicas em dois modelos de gravitação modificada, a saber: Teorias f(R) e de Gauss-Bonnet. Determinamos soluções que correspondem ao espaço-tempo gerado pela corda cósmica estática e a corda cósmica com rotação, com e sem estrutura interna em f(R), e a corda cósmica estática na teoria de Gauss-Bonnet. Para as soluções estáticas, resolvemos a equação de Dirac, e determinamos a corrente ferminóica. Encontramos, também, no contexto da Teoria da Relatividade Geral, uma solução com rotação para a nuvem de cordas(Espaço-tempo de Letelier), usando o método de Newman-Janis.

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